76 Facts You Didn't Know You Needed to Hear

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Transcript

00:00:00Good morning, I'm so happy we're gonna spend the day together.

00:00:05You see, I stayed up reading about all those common things that you and I never realized

00:00:09actually had purposes.

00:00:11My head's brimming with all this knowledge.

00:00:14I need to unload it on someone, and you're the perfect volunteer.

00:00:18First things first, food.

00:00:19Gotta have a hearty breakfast.

00:00:21I'll make you some eggs, but before I cook them, look at this.

00:00:25See that little white string?

00:00:27There are a few common misconceptions about what it is, but no, it's not part of a baby

00:00:31chick or anything yucky.

00:00:33Even though it looks kinda unnatural, you actually want to see it in your eggs.

00:00:37It's called chalaza.

00:00:39There are two of them in each egg.

00:00:41And they're like the ropes that hold up a hammock.

00:00:44And this hammock is an egg yolk.

00:00:46The strings keep it from splatting against the shell.

00:00:49If you still don't like the look of it, don't worry, these strings usually vanish after

00:00:53cooking.

00:00:54Plus, they're a sign of freshness.

00:00:56If you don't see a trusty chalaza, you might have left your eggs sitting in the fridge

00:00:59for a few days too many.

00:01:01So how do you like them, scrambled or sunny side up?

00:01:06Before you clear your plate, you need to add a piece of fruit to that breakfast.

00:01:09Want an apple?

00:01:10By the way, do you know where apples come from?

00:01:13I mean, all the apples you've ever eaten?

00:01:16Apple trees, right?

00:01:17And what seeds do those apple trees grow from?

00:01:20Apple seeds, right?

00:01:21Nope.

00:01:22Almost all apple trees don't grow from seeds.

00:01:25That's because seedlings turn out genetically different from their parent trees.

00:01:29Seeds from a Golden Delicious don't grow a Golden Delicious tree.

00:01:34All apples you've ever eaten were likely grown on grafted trees.

00:01:38That's when farmers attach apple branches to the cut trunk of another tree.

00:01:42Any other tree.

00:01:43Yeah, a peach tree or even an avocado tree.

00:01:47Frankenstein trees!

00:01:50Before we start our day, let's check the weather.

00:01:53Turn on the TV.

00:01:54Oh, wait, have you ever looked closely at your couch?

00:01:58See those buttons?

00:02:00Once upon a time, furniture was filled with horsehair and straw.

00:02:04Those sorts of filings moved around a lot.

00:02:06Couches could get really lumpy and bumpy, so those deep buttons were used to lock them

00:02:11in place.

00:02:12We use more comfortable fillings than straw now, but we still keep the look for fashion.

00:02:17Okay, go on.

00:02:19You can turn the TV on now.

00:02:21Uh-oh, there's a 60% chance of rain.

00:02:24Looks like we'll need to bring umbrellas.

00:02:26But do you know what this forecast actually means?

00:02:29I've always thought it means that there's, you know, a 60% chance of rain.

00:02:33But this number actually means that 60% of the forecasted area might get rain.

00:02:40How about a quick snack for the road?

00:02:42Oreos, yum!

00:02:44Look at the design on the top of the cookie.

00:02:46In the center, there's a circle topped with a double-armed cross.

00:02:49It's the Nabisco logo, which is a European symbol for quality.

00:02:55Grab a coat too, just in case.

00:02:58Have you ever noticed these letters printed on the zipper of your coat?

00:03:02Or any clothes zippers for that matter.

00:03:04Go on and check right now.

00:03:06I bet I can guess what letters you'll find there.

00:03:08If I'm right, you owe me a soda.

00:03:11Does it say YKK?

00:03:13I had a 50% chance of getting that right, because about half of all zippers in the world

00:03:18are made by one manufacturer called the YKK Group.

00:03:22So do you owe me a soda or what?

00:03:26Let's head out.

00:03:27I have some errands to run.

00:03:29You don't mind tagging along, do you?

00:03:31First stop, I need to pop into the bank to drop off a check.

00:03:35Not all lines printed on checks are as simple as meets the eye.

00:03:38To make them harder to replicate, a lot of them have tiny writing.

00:03:42It's so small, it just looks like regular black lines showing you where to sign.

00:03:47Usually, the writing is phrases like original document or authorized signature.

00:03:53Only superheroes with microscopic vision would know though.

00:03:58On some US pennies, and these coins are pretty rare, you can spot several letters under Lincoln's

00:04:03shoulder.

00:04:04VDB.

00:04:06What do they mean?

00:04:08They're the initials of Victor David Brenner.

00:04:11That's the man who designed the very first penny and the exact same portrait of Lincoln

00:04:16that's still in use today.

00:04:18Next, I need a few things from the supermarket.

00:04:22Can you grab a cart?

00:04:23Did you know that these metal loops on the cart actually have a use?

00:04:27They're designed to hold your grocery bags if you have too many to fit inside the cart

00:04:31or if you need fragile items to stay upright.

00:04:36Do you need anything?

00:04:37Here's my shopping list.

00:04:381.

00:04:39Bubble bath.

00:04:40What?

00:04:41It's an essential.

00:04:42You know, I'm not kidding.

00:04:44It actually does have a practical use.

00:04:46And it's not to make a bubble beard when you're bored in the bathtub.

00:04:49Bubble bath was invented so that the foam would sit on the surface of the water and

00:04:52insulate it, keeping the water warmer for longer.

00:04:56I like long baths, so it's very important to me.

00:05:00Next item, a toothbrush.

00:05:02Mine's old and needs replacing.

00:05:03The blue indicator bristles are pretty much gone.

00:05:06Oh, did you not know that's what they're for?

00:05:08Yeah, the row of blue bristles on most toothbrushes acts like a timer.

00:05:13Each time you brush your teeth, they get thinner and thinner.

00:05:16And eventually, the blue color gets all worn away.

00:05:19That's when you know you need a refresher.

00:05:21Just to be safe, I'll get you a new brush too.

00:05:23Alright, I've got everything I need.

00:05:26Let's go home.

00:05:27Uh oh, it started raining.

00:05:29Good thing we grabbed those umbrellas.

00:05:32It seems like no one really knows what the metal point at the top of an umbrella is for.

00:05:36See, now that we're out of the rain, there are water drops all over the fabric.

00:05:41When we fold our umbrellas up and put them in the car, they'll soak everything they touch.

00:05:46But not if we tap the metal tip on the ground and shake all the water off.

00:05:50Convenient, right?

00:05:52Into the car we get.

00:05:53That line of black dots around the windshield always bugged me.

00:05:57But I finally found out what it's for.

00:05:59It's called a frit.

00:06:00It shields the glue that bonds the windshield to the car from ultraviolet light.

00:06:05The dots though, they just make it look nice.

00:06:09Let's turn on the radio and listen to some tunes.

00:06:11You probably see that symbol on the radio's power button pretty much every day.

00:06:16It's also on computers, microwaves, game consoles, and so many other things.

00:06:20But I never thought about what it means.

00:06:23It dates way back before most of the technology that uses it.

00:06:26Turns out, it's actually binary code that says, Standby Power State.

00:06:31Cool, huh?

00:06:33Well, those errands made me work up an appetite.

00:06:37Here's a deal.

00:06:38I'm going to share the dishes while you cook some spaghetti for dinner.

00:06:41Everyone always says it's impossible to measure out the right amount of spaghetti.

00:06:45It's so hard to figure out what one portion looks like.

00:06:48But none of us should struggle with it because there's a tool for this exact purpose right

00:06:53under our noses.

00:06:55In the middle of your spaghetti serving ladle, there's a hole perfectly sized to measure

00:06:59out one serving.

00:07:01No more leftovers from now on.

00:07:04Everyone always uses the tops of plates and bowls.

00:07:07But as I'm washing them, it reminds me of all the clever uses for the bottom sides.

00:07:12For example, the rough rim under plates can sharpen knives.

00:07:17Watch this.

00:07:18All of your knives are super dull and can barely cut these tomatoes.

00:07:22Now if I take them and run them along the bottom of this plate a few times, voila, fresh

00:07:27as new.

00:07:28They slice the tomatoes like butter.

00:07:32And this groove here in the bottom of your mug, it has a purpose too.

00:07:36Something you'll probably be very thankful for even if you don't know about it yet.

00:07:41This groove is specifically designed for mugs you put in the dishwasher upside down.

00:07:45Without it, a puddle of water would pool inside the rim and spill all over your feet when

00:07:50you take the mug out.

00:07:51Trust me, this little gap is your best friend.

00:07:55Oh, before you use that frying pan, have you salted the oil?

00:07:59Yep, you shouldn't only salt your pasta water but also the frying oil.

00:08:03A pinch of flour will also work.

00:08:06Both absorb the moisture from the food you put in and stop the boiling oil from splattering.

00:08:11But do watch out because salt might lower the temperature at which oil starts to smoke.

00:08:16It probably won't be an issue unless you're boiling big vats of this stuff though.

00:08:21That's enough new information for one day, right?

00:08:23Let's finish this great day with a big spaghetti dinner.

00:08:30So when you're driving, you get a green light everywhere, except Japan.

00:08:35The traffic light is actually blue there.

00:08:38The problem is purely linguistic.

00:08:40Old Japanese had the same word, Ayo, for blue and green.

00:08:45Even though modern Japanese has a separate word for green, the linguists objected and

00:08:50the government left the Ayo color for the traffic light.

00:08:53It's technically green, but it's the bluest shade possible, so we perceive it as blue.

00:09:00If you ever travel across Japan, you'll definitely see Norin, fabric hangings that

00:09:05look like curtains before the entrance to restaurants and stores.

00:09:09You can tell if the store is open just looking at the Norin.

00:09:13If they're hung at the doors, it means this place is open.

00:09:16If there are no curtains, sorry, the place isn't working, look for another one.

00:09:21The name of the place is usually written across the Norin.

00:09:24The dirtier it is, the better.

00:09:26Just kidding.

00:09:27The Japanese say that if this curtain's dirty, it means there are a lot of customers that

00:09:32constantly touch the Norin when they enter.

00:09:36Japanese are very punctual, and in this country, everything's on time no matter if it's

00:09:41people who need to come to a meeting or public transport.

00:09:45The trains are so punctual that if they have a minute's delay, the company will provide

00:09:50you with a special certificate to prove to your boss your lateness wasn't your fault.

00:09:56There are some drawbacks about Japanese trains, though.

00:09:59Some cars in Tokyo Metro are so packed sometimes that metro staff, aka professional pushers,

00:10:06come to help people squeeze into that train.

00:10:09They literally shove people onto busy trains and help the passengers travel safely.

00:10:15Japanese people seem to be obsessed with glasses.

00:10:18Well, there doesn't seem to be any specific explanation for this one, they just do it

00:10:23for pleasure.

00:10:24Sunglasses, as well as regular glasses, can be an integral part of your look as a cool

00:10:30accessory.

00:10:31Anyway, they're usually a prescription, and most people wear them because of short-sightedness.

00:10:37The public toilet experience may be a challenge for you, but not if you're in Japan.

00:10:43There's always music in the bathrooms.

00:10:46Bidet is quite a regular thing for this country too.

00:10:50The toilets look high-tech, and they really are.

00:10:53In fact, over 80% of Japanese households have a bidet toilet.

00:10:58Not only are they super sanitary, but they also save water, using only 1 gallon per flush.

00:11:04In regular toilets, it takes about 3 gallons.

00:11:09If you're an introvert and love traveling alone, Japan is a top destination for you.

00:11:14In this country, it's totally okay to eat out enjoying your own company.

00:11:19For introverts who may feel lonely now and again, there are special cafes that feature

00:11:25cuddling services.

00:11:27In some restaurants in Japan, water is free, which is no real surprise.

00:11:32The surprise comes when you're offered some free tea.

00:11:35Waiters usually bring you some traditional tea while you're waiting for your order.

00:11:40Another unusual thing about Japanese restaurants is that you're not supposed to leave tips.

00:11:46People can even take offense if you do so.

00:11:48Food service is considered to be a standard, and it's already included in your order.

00:11:53So hey, enjoy your meal!

00:11:56Talking about Japanese food, and I'm getting hungry, chopsticks are probably the first

00:12:01thing that comes to your mind.

00:12:02Still, a real Japanese dining experience has more ways of eating.

00:12:07You're not gonna look impolite if you literally drink your miso soup right from the bowl.

00:12:13If the bowl is somewhat bigger than the one for miso, and the broth has noodles and other

00:12:17ingredients, don't be afraid to slurp this ramen away.

00:12:22Japanese are cool with slurping.

00:12:24There's one food hack for a Japanese meal.

00:12:27If you struggle a lot with chopsticks, especially eating rice, bring the bowl closer to your

00:12:32mouth.

00:12:33If the plate is pretty large, it's not recommended to pick it up.

00:12:37If you still struggle, it's okay to ask for a spoon unless the place you're dining in

00:12:41is traditional and expensive.

00:12:44Eating fruit in Japan can be quite expensive.

00:12:47Some fruit are exported from far away, which explains the price.

00:12:52Local farmers do their best to grow perfect, impeccable fruit.

00:12:56That's why peaches can cost up to 3,000 yen, which is about 300 bucks.

00:13:01Hey, how about a 21-dollar apple?

00:13:04Yeah, rather pricey, but it's washed with honey and hand-picked to make sure there are

00:13:09no blemishes.

00:13:11Plus, these are one of the world's largest varieties of apples, some of them weighing

00:13:15up to 2 pounds!

00:13:17Japanese eat rice anytime, no matter if it's breakfast, lunch, or dinner.

00:13:22Another incredible fact about their food is that their sweets aren't actually sweet at

00:13:27all.

00:13:28Alright, not sweets, but rather desserts.

00:13:32Traditional Japanese desserts are usually made of chestnuts, matcha tea, or rice flour.

00:13:37They can even cook many desserts, such as brownies, puddings, and chocolate bites, using

00:13:42a special type of beans called azuki as the main ingredient.

00:13:46People in Japan believe that the dessert is good quality if it's not sweet.

00:13:52Japanese food is crazy, combining a bunch of unusual flavors in regular things.

00:13:57Hey, how about ice cream?

00:13:58Choose the flavor!

00:14:00There are potato, miso, wasabi, soy, and many other flavors.

00:14:07For those who like it extreme, there's even raw horse meat ice cream.

00:14:11Mm-mm, that's really good horse!

00:14:13Yeah, right.

00:14:14These tastes are not very common for the Japanese either, though.

00:14:18Some other unusual foods feature hot dogs with noodles instead of sausage, or unagi

00:14:23cola.

00:14:24Yeah, it's like eel plus cola.

00:14:27And if that's not enough, you can also find chocolate chip ramen in Japan.

00:14:32You can't beat it!

00:14:35Japanese always take their shoes off when they enter the house.

00:14:38They even have multiple slippers.

00:14:40For example, toilet slippers.

00:14:43Don't come inside a Japanese house with your shoes on – it's very impolite.

00:14:49Most cultures usually use handshakes for greetings.

00:14:52But in Japan, people mostly use bows for this purpose.

00:14:56The more times and the deeper you bow, the more respect you show to a person.

00:15:01There's a catch, though.

00:15:02If you bow too deep, it could be offensive.

00:15:06Watermelons are acceptable everywhere – supermarket, workplace, and even among friends.

00:15:11Sometimes, getting connected working on something on a train can be next to impossible because

00:15:16of the noise level.

00:15:18In Japan, nothing can distract you on a train, so you can even work.

00:15:23People usually don't even answer the phone there.

00:15:25Still, the Japanese aren't quiet all the time.

00:15:29Bars make a big part of the Japanese everyday culture, so it's pretty loud there.

00:15:35Watermelons are round, right?

00:15:37Not in Japan!

00:15:39Japanese farmers have a special technique for growing square watermelons.

00:15:43They grow it in a special container.

00:15:46This way, they can fit into a fridge easier.

00:15:48Some other shapes are available.

00:15:50For example, the fruit can be triangular or heart-shaped.

00:15:54The only drawback is that such fruits are quite pricey.

00:15:58Turning train seats in Japanese trains are super convenient.

00:16:01You can make a square if you travel in a group of friends.

00:16:05You can adjust your seat to the direction of the train.

00:16:08If you simply don't like your travel companions, you can just turn around too.

00:16:13You will probably never see a janitor in Japan because students have to clean up the schools

00:16:18by themselves.

00:16:20Japanese students even serve lunch.

00:16:22Plus, besides a regular school cleaning, they will go out now and again and clean up the

00:16:27neighborhood.

00:16:28The Japanese never stop inventing, and one of their recent innovations is their non-melting

00:16:34ice cream.

00:16:35Just imagine!

00:16:36You casually walk in the scorching sun, it's 90 degrees outside, and you're enjoying

00:16:41your ice cream, not being afraid of staining your shirt.

00:16:45The secret ingredient is polyphenol extracted from strawberries that prevents oils and water

00:16:50from separating, preserving the ice cream shape.

00:16:55In Japan, with such an abundance of vending machines, you seem to be likely to buy anything

00:17:00you want without ever going to a store.

00:17:04Vending machines sell everything from food to canned bread, super spicy snacks with warning

00:17:11disclaimers on the machine, and even toys!

00:17:14Anyways, the Japanese themselves are more likely to grab a quick snack in a store instead

00:17:19of those machines.

00:17:21Long ago, Japanese women would blacken their teeth instead of whitening.

00:17:26Pitch black objects were a kind of beauty standard.

00:17:29To dye the teeth black, they would use iron filing dissolved in vinegar plus some tea

00:17:34powder.

00:17:35And finally, if you want to wish someone a good day in Japan, do you say, have a bidet?

00:17:41No, probably not.

00:17:44Apples you usually grab in the supermarket seem super fresh, but they can be up to a

00:17:49year old.

00:17:50It's all about how they're stored.

00:17:52First they're covered with wax, next the wax is dried with hot air, and finally, the

00:17:57apples go into cold storage.

00:18:00Sloths are better at breath-holding than dolphins.

00:18:03Those lazy buddies can slow their heart rate and hold their breath this way for up to 40

00:18:08minutes.

00:18:09If they watched any breathtaking series, they'd literally breathe once per episode.

00:18:14If you look at any old photograph, you'll see that people didn't have those big smiles

00:18:19we love to have in the photos today.

00:18:21First, photographers preferred to keep things serious, so instead of cheese, people would

00:18:26say prunes to keep their lips tight, and other things.

00:18:30Earth is not the only planet with water.

00:18:33Scientists from NASA strongly believe one of Jupiter's moons, Europa, has an ocean with

00:18:38twice as much water as we have on our planet.

00:18:41It's hidden under a thick layer of ice.

00:18:44Even Mars has some liquid water flowing.

00:18:46Cicadas are some of the biggest flying insects you can find out there.

00:18:51Most species are not that impressive, only about 1-2 inches long.

00:18:56The largest one, known as the Empress cicada, has a body length of about 3 inches.

00:19:01In comparison, its wingspan reaches a whopping 8 inches.

00:19:05That's a really big bug!

00:19:07Not all goats peacefully munch on meadow grass.

00:19:11Some of them prefer climbing trees for food.

00:19:13Meet Moroccan goats, a natural phenomenon unique to North Africa.

00:19:18The thing is, they're way more attracted to argan tree fruits than to regular grass.

00:19:23That's quite understandable.

00:19:24Those fruits look just like golden apples.

00:19:27These goats are quite agile, so they easily climb up the trees to get the juicy treats.

00:19:32And they rarely need help from their nanny.

00:19:35There's a creature that can technically live forever.

00:19:38You see, there's a species of jellyfish, known as Tourseverva d'Orla, or however you pronounce

00:19:44their name on the screen.

00:19:46Those guys have a superpower of respawning, so whenever they get any sort of physical

00:19:51damage or something, those jellyfish reset themselves back to the polyp stage and start

00:19:57all over again.

00:19:58Now let's test you.

00:20:00Are there more trees on Earth or stars in the Milky Way?

00:20:03If your answer is stars, sorry, you're wrong.

00:20:07According to scientists' estimations, there are up to 100 billion stars in our galaxy

00:20:12and about 3 trillion trees on Earth.

00:20:15Now that's impressive!

00:20:17Pluto still hasn't made a complete orbit since it was discovered, and now imagine that

00:20:22it was found back in 1930.

00:20:24It takes about 248 years for Pluto to make a full orbit around the Sun.

00:20:30By the way, Mercury is the fastest.

00:20:32It takes only about 88 days for this planet to make a full trip.

00:20:36However, Pluto will complete its first full orbit since its discovery in 2178.

00:20:42I can't wait!

00:20:44One more fun fact about planets.

00:20:46The dwarf planet Haumea has a very peculiar shape.

00:20:50It looks exactly like a potato.

00:20:52It's about the same size as Pluto and has rings similar to those Saturn has.

00:20:57If you ever want to find it, it's located beyond the orbit of Neptune.

00:21:02Nachos aren't some ancient Mexican food.

00:21:04They were invented less than 100 years ago.

00:21:07Ignacio Aña, nicknamed Nacho, is said to have created this dish in the 1940s.

00:21:12There's a nice story behind nachos.

00:21:14A regular customer got really hungry and asked if Ignacio could bring her and her three friends

00:21:19something different that day.

00:21:21He saw how hungry the ladies were and decided to cook something quick for them.

00:21:25He had to improvise using available ingredients, so he put some tortillas, grated loads of

00:21:31cheese on top of them, and heated the dish from above.

00:21:34To make the dish more savory, he added some jalapeno peppers on top.

00:21:38Amy Finan, that very regular customer, asked what the name of the unusual snack was.

00:21:44Ignacio didn't think long and said the name was Nacho Special.

00:21:50Oranges aren't necessarily orange.

00:21:52If grown in subtropical regions, the climate isn't cold enough to break down the chlorophyll,

00:21:56so the fruit peel stays yellow or greenish.

00:21:59Such oranges usually get treated with ethylene gas that can help turn the oranges orange.

00:22:05Orange you impressed with that!

00:22:07Okay, it's time for a little riddle for you.

00:22:10What's common between peanut butter and an engagement ring?

00:22:13Both of them contain diamonds!

00:22:16Scientists have learned how to turn peanut butter into diamonds.

00:22:19They extracted the oxygen from CO2, they got the carbon, and then put it under intense

00:22:24pressure, and in the end, they got diamonds.

00:22:27In a jiff, I suppose.

00:22:30Pufferfish, also known as blowfish, are famous for two things – it's clumsy and it can

00:22:35literally turn into a sort of a balloon.

00:22:38Blowing themselves up helps them survive in the wild – they are inedible when swollen.

00:22:43Well, they're not entirely inedible even when they're deflated.

00:22:47Their poison is over a thousand times more toxic than cyanide.

00:22:50Don't count on antidotes, they just don't exist.

00:22:53Or probably we need more time to find one.

00:22:57Not only can people become knights, but penguins can do that too.

00:23:01There's one living in Edinburgh, and it was granted knighthood back in 2008.

00:23:06Meet Nils Olof III, the mascot and colonel-in-chief of the Norwegian Kings Guard.

00:23:13What size of shoes do you wear?

00:23:15I bet it's way smaller than the size the Statue of Liberty wears.

00:23:19No statue needs shoes, but if the Statue of Liberty wanted to grab a pair of new sneakers,

00:23:24she'd need to look for size 879.

00:23:27No surprise here, she's 151 feet tall.

00:23:32These are our muscles that can cause goosebumps.

00:23:35These tiny fan-shaped muscles are called erector pili, and we have them at the base of every

00:23:40hair follicle.

00:23:42Whenever it's cold, they get contracted, which makes our hairs literally stand up,

00:23:47creating goosebumps.

00:23:49You may think you're not an athlete, but if you've ironed your clothes in very uncomfortable

00:23:53locations at least once, you already are.

00:23:57Sort of.

00:23:58Extreme ironing is an extreme sport where people take ironing boards to very unexpected

00:24:02places, such as forests, canoes, or mountains, and iron the clothes there.

00:24:08Some do that even on the top of bronze statues or underwater.

00:24:12And yeah, there are even official championships.

00:24:15Haven't these people heard of permanent press?

00:24:18Rap battles aren't something that appeared recently.

00:24:21In medieval England, there was something called flighting, which was very much like

00:24:24contemporary rap battles.

00:24:26It was quite popular in the 15th and 16th centuries when two opponents mocked each other

00:24:32in an improvised battle.

00:24:34Tongue map says we have different parts for different tastes.

00:24:37Well, not really.

00:24:39There are individual taste buds that sense certain flavors more than they do with some

00:24:43others, but it doesn't mean one area can taste sweet better than the other.

00:24:48Studies show that all mouth areas have taste buds sensitive to all tastes.

00:24:53Chameleons don't change colors because they want to match their surroundings.

00:24:56That would probably be a very tiring thing to do.

00:24:59In reality, some other things, like mood, temperature, or the amount of light they get,

00:25:05affect their color.

00:25:06When chameleons relax and stretch cells, crystals that are inside of them are affected by the

00:25:11light.

00:25:12These reptiles use crystals to communicate with each other, so, for example, darker shades

00:25:17show that they're not in such a good mood.

00:25:20It's more like they feel kinda grumpy.

00:25:22Ah, beware the grumpy chameleon!

00:25:25Turkeys can blush, just like people do.

00:25:27It works the same way.

00:25:29They blush when angry, excited, or even feel bad.

00:25:32You can see the skin on their necks and heads turn red.

00:25:36Opossums don't really sleep while hanging by their tails.

00:25:39You see that in cartoons and some photos, but in general, they don't.

00:25:43Their tails are strong, so these animals can grip branches and hold their weight, but

00:25:48only for shorter periods.

00:25:49Adults are really too heavy to stay in this position for too long, so they wouldn't

00:25:53get too much rest.

00:25:54So, I could say, hanging by their tail overnight is sort of impossum-ble.

00:25:59Well, here's some fats you'll find hard to digest.

00:26:05Your stomach has a pretty incredible capacity, being able to hold up to half a gallon of

00:26:10liquids.

00:26:12It's pretty hard to estimate how much hard food you can eat because it's processed

00:26:18with your teeth before it gets to your stomach.

00:26:21There's definitely not enough room for a turkey, but a good-sized chicken would probably

00:26:26fit in it.

00:26:28If you were asked where your stomach was, you would probably point to your tummy.

00:26:32Sorry, that's wrong.

00:26:34It's actually up here, hidden in between your ribs.

00:26:39Scientists believe that the appendix will disappear eventually.

00:26:42Nobody really knows why we need it, but some researchers claim it might've existed to

00:26:48help our ancestors digest tree bark.

00:26:51Because it's no longer part of our daily diet, the appendix isn't necessary and can

00:26:55disappear from our bodies without any consequences.

00:27:00The appendix isn't the only obsolete part of our body.

00:27:03Wisdom teeth aren't that useful either.

00:27:06Yeah, they used to come in handy whenever our ancestors lost some of their teeth, but

00:27:10the only thing they help us lose now is the money we spend extracting them.

00:27:16Almost all of our body is covered with hairs, even if we don't notice them.

00:27:21They grow even in the belly button.

00:27:23Their purpose is to catch lint.

00:27:25Check it out.

00:27:26See?

00:27:28Your liver acts as your own personal bodyguard, protecting you from toxins and many other

00:27:33things you don't want hanging around in your body.

00:27:36It's also pretty indestructible and can even regenerate.

00:27:42Only about 43% of you is actually you.

00:27:46Over 50% of the cells in your body belong to tiny little creatures that mainly live

00:27:51in your gut.

00:27:52Still, even though your own cells are fewer than microbial ones, there are, on average,

00:27:57about 100 trillion of them in you.

00:28:00See?

00:28:01You're not alone.

00:28:03With this in mind, your own genes are less than half of what you really consist of.

00:28:08If you take all the microbes dwelling within your body and count their genes, you'll

00:28:13find between 2 to 20 million.

00:28:17If you sleep, it doesn't mean all of your body sleeps.

00:28:20In fact, sometimes your brain has to work even harder when you're asleep.

00:28:25It needs to process tons of information, and reports usually take a lot of time.

00:28:31The nose definitely gets a good rest while you're sleeping.

00:28:35Amazingly, your sense of smell basically deactivates at night.

00:28:39You wouldn't even be bothered if there was a really terrible smell in your bedroom.

00:28:43No comment.

00:28:46The nose is probably one of the most underappreciated parts of the body.

00:28:50We wouldn't even be able to enjoy eating without it.

00:28:54About 80% of the taste of any food is thanks to the nose and its ability to recognize odors.

00:29:00If you hold your nose while eating, you will taste almost nothing.

00:29:04With no sense of smell, you're likely to recognize food mostly by texture.

00:29:08So an onion might seem no different than a big refreshing apple.

00:29:13Yeah, try that and leave me a comment on how that goes.

00:29:18Scientists used to believe we could distinguish about 10,000 smells, but they were wrong.

00:29:23Recent research showed that people are actually able to distinguish between more than a trillion

00:29:29smells.

00:29:30We also remember them better than anything else, and smells can even evoke some distant

00:29:35memories.

00:29:37Your nose just doesn't help you breathe and catch odors.

00:29:40It filters the air for sensitive throats and lungs.

00:29:43If we inhale dry air, the nose moistens it, cools it, and heats it if it's necessary.

00:29:49Also, the nose cleans the air of dirt.

00:29:53When you age, your brain is gradually reducing in size.

00:29:58By age 75, it's much smaller than at 30, and it starts shrinking by the age of 40.

00:30:04It happens to everyone, and doesn't affect your mental strength in any way.

00:30:09Our brain can store only 7 bits in its short-term memory.

00:30:13Don't even try to compare your brain with a phone capacity, not even the one you had

00:30:17back in 2005.

00:30:19That's why you can't even learn a phone number by heart.

00:30:24Our short-term memory functions just like a chalkboard.

00:30:27You can get some information, but sooner or later, you run out of space.

00:30:31To check your working memory capacity, try this test.

00:30:35Ask a friend to write a list of 10 words and read it to you.

00:30:39Most people recall 7 or fewer items from that list.

00:30:45Working memory is an essential thing that we need to perform almost any everyday activity,

00:30:50including basic conversations, surfing the net, and even petting your dog.

00:30:57Our strongest and emotional memories are often fake.

00:31:00The central memory gives us the confidence to believe that we remember everything, even

00:31:05though most of the details are made up in our heads.

00:31:10Not only your brain shrinks as you get older, you too shrink dramatically.

00:31:14The bones get more brittle, the backbone gets compressed.

00:31:18A similar thing happens when you rest at night.

00:31:20Your bones kinda relax too.

00:31:23Because of this, you wake up taller in the mornings than you are at the end of the day.

00:31:29Among mammals, only humans can walk on two legs for their entire lives.

00:31:33You might think that kangaroos or gorillas move in the same way, but kangaroos use their

00:31:38tail as a third leg, and gorillas use their long arms to keep balance.

00:31:45Your bones take part in metabolism too.

00:31:48Since they mostly consist of calcium, when there's not enough of this element in your

00:31:52blood, bones start shedding it into the bloodstream, balancing your body.

00:31:57The same reaction works in reverse too.

00:31:59When there's too much calcium in your blood, it goes into the bones to be stored for later.

00:32:06The only bone to have a sense of humor in your body is inside your upper arm.

00:32:10That's why it's called the humerus.

00:32:12Okay, I made that one up.

00:32:14Moving along…

00:32:17The only bones that never grow are found in our ears.

00:32:20We can hear thanks to these tiny bones because they have adapted to transmit sound vibrations.

00:32:26Doctors call them the oscular chain.

00:32:29One of these hearing bones, the stapes, is the smallest bone in your entire body.

00:32:34It's no larger than a grain of rice.

00:32:38Our height, shape of our body, and skin color depend a lot on where our ancestors used to

00:32:43live, but we can adapt to new conditions even within our own lifespan.

00:32:49For example, if you move from plains to the mountains, you'll eventually develop more

00:32:53red blood cells to compensate for the lack of oxygen.

00:32:57And naturally, if you move from a colder climate to a hotter and sunnier one, your skin will

00:33:02get darker to adapt.

00:33:06Our lifespan is programmed within our cells.

00:33:08They constantly renew and divide, but they have a sort of internal timer that stops at

00:33:14some point.

00:33:15Some cells also stop reproducing sooner than others.

00:33:18On average, cells cease dividing when we reach the age of 100.

00:33:23That means, if we could find a way to trick ourselves into turning off the timer, we could

00:33:27potentially live forever.

00:33:31Body fat isn't just a nuisance.

00:33:33It acts as insulation material, energy reserve, and shock absorber.

00:33:38Your body sends the most fat into your waist region because that's where your internal

00:33:42organs are.

00:33:44If something happens to you, this layer of fat might protect your vitals from irreparable

00:33:49damage.

00:33:51Heads up!

00:33:52Your skull isn't a single bone.

00:33:54It actually consists of 28 different bones, many of which are fused together to protect

00:33:59your brain.

00:34:00The mandible, or the lower jaw, is the only skull bone that isn't fixed to the bone

00:34:05around it.

00:34:06It's attached with connective tissues and muscles.

00:34:09This is what makes it so mobile – you can move it in any direction you like.

00:34:14You can actually masticate with your mandible – another word for chewing!

00:34:19You see, the strongest muscles in your body aren't in your arms or legs – they're

00:34:23in your head.

00:34:24The masseter is the main muscle responsible for chewing, and it needs to be the strongest

00:34:29for you to eat normally.

00:34:31And you know those muscles that allow you to move your ears?

00:34:34Those are temporalis, located above your temples.

00:34:37They also help you chew your food.

00:34:40Now, we've got two really fast muscles – they control the eyelid closing.

00:34:46In fact, they're the fastest muscles in our body.

00:34:49Eyes are fragile and need protection, so the reflex that protects them needs to be as fast

00:34:54as lightning.

00:34:56These muscles can shut the eyelids in less than a tenth of a second.

00:35:01People with double-jointed thumbs can bend them backward.

00:35:04It looks super unusual, and very few people can do it.

00:35:07Still, it's totally okay.

00:35:10Even though it looks painful, it actually doesn't hurt at all for someone with a double-jointed

00:35:14thumb.

00:35:17We recognize only purple-blue, green-yellow, and yellow-red colors.

00:35:22Everything else is a combination of these three.

00:35:24It's impossible to calculate how many of these combinations the human eye sees, because every

00:35:30single person has slight vision differences.

00:35:33But it's about one million combinations on average.

00:35:36You see?

00:35:40Early Earth might have been purple, not green.

00:35:44There's a theory that ancient microbes used molecules other than chlorophyll to absorb

00:35:48sunlight.

00:35:49These molecules likely gave living organisms a violet tint.

00:35:56Scientists are almost sure that our planet once had two moons.

00:35:59One of them was a tiny thing, no larger than 750 miles across.

00:36:04Unfortunately, it crashed into the other moon, which is now Earth's only natural satellite.

00:36:11Until recently, there was one more object orbiting our planet.

00:36:15It was a temporary mini-moon called 2020 CD3.

00:36:19This tiny space rock, no bigger than 3 feet across, was pulled into our orbit more than

00:36:25a year ago.

00:36:26Astronomers believe the mini-moon left Earth's orbit in March.

00:36:30From 60 to 100 tons of space dust drift down to our planet's surface every day.

00:36:36These tiny cosmic particles are mostly released by comets, which are usually made of dust

00:36:42and ice.

00:36:43When the sun turns this ice into vapor, the remaining dust travels down to Earth.

00:36:49If you look at Earth from space, you'll see a blue ocean planet.

00:36:54Almost 70% of its surface is covered with water, and its average depth is 14,000 feet.

00:37:00But if you gathered all the water into a sphere, it would be a mere 870 miles across, just

00:37:07barely enough to cover Texas.

00:37:09That's including all the water in the seas, oceans, rivers, lakes, ice caps, groundwater,

00:37:16and even those tiny droplets in the atmosphere.

00:37:19All Earth's air, yep, all 5,140 trillion tons of it, would make a slightly larger ball.

00:37:26By the way, the further away from the surface, the less dense the atmosphere is.

00:37:31That's why half of Earth's air is within the first 3 miles above the surface of the planet.

00:37:37Every 200,000 to 300,000 years, our planet goes through a magnetic pole reversal.

00:37:43It's not an instant process, though.

00:37:45It can last hundreds or even thousands of years.

00:37:49We live inside the sun.

00:37:52Its atmosphere stretches far beyond its visible surface.

00:37:55And even though Earth is 93 million miles away from the star, it's still within the

00:37:59reach of the sun's atmosphere.

00:38:02This happens when charged particles from the sun get caught by Earth's magnetic field

00:38:07and crash into the upper atmosphere near the poles.

00:38:12The Hudson Bay of Canada is a gravitational anomaly.

00:38:16This area has lower gravity than any other place on Earth.

00:38:20You'd weigh less standing at the equator than at one of the planet's poles.

00:38:26Mars has only 15% of Earth's volume and less than 10% of its mass.

00:38:31Even still, the Red Planet and Earth have almost the same land mass.

00:38:35It's because about two-thirds of our planet's surface is covered in water.

00:38:41The Pacific Ocean contains more than half of the world's free water.

00:38:45It's also by far the largest ocean.

00:38:47All Earth's continents could easily fit into the Pacific Basin.

00:38:52Our planet is gradually slowing down the speed of its rotation.

00:38:56It happens at an unhurried pace of 17 milliseconds per 100 years.

00:39:01Because of this, our days are becoming longer.

00:39:04And still, only after 140 million years, the day on Earth will last 25 hours.

00:39:11The ocean on Jupiter isn't made of water.

00:39:14It's filled with metallic hydrogen, and its depth is a staggering 25,000 miles.

00:39:20That's actually almost the same as the circumference of Earth.

00:39:23A year on Mercury is just 88 Earth days long.

00:39:27This planet also has an extremely squashed orbit.

00:39:31Its distance from the sun varies from 28 to 43 million miles.

00:39:37Even when you're standing, sitting, or lying still,

00:39:40you're moving at more than 1,000 miles per hour.

00:39:43That's the speed at which our planet is spinning through space.

00:39:47At the same time, you'd be moving at this incredible pace

00:39:50only if you're at the equator.

00:39:52Pluto's atmosphere rises much higher above the surface of the dwarf planet

00:39:57than, let's say, the atmosphere of Earth.

00:39:59It also has more than 20 layers.

00:40:02All of them are cold and condensed.

00:40:05Methane gas is a byproduct of natural processes.

00:40:08And this very gas is present in the Martian atmosphere,

00:40:12which confuses astronomers to no end.

00:40:14Mars produces around 270 tons of methane per year.

00:40:19Scientists can't figure out where the gas is coming from.

00:40:24Earth's southernmost continent, Antarctica, is only the fifth largest one.

00:40:28But it contains almost 70% of the planet's fresh water

00:40:32and 90% of the world's ice.

00:40:35Antarctica is also considered to be a desert.

00:40:38The inner regions of this continent get just two inches of precipitation a year,

00:40:43in the form of snow, of course.

00:40:46Mercury's surface is wrinkled.

00:40:49It happened when the planet's iron core cooled down and contracted.

00:40:53The wrinkles can reach a height of one mile and stretch for hundreds of miles.

00:41:00Lots of rocks on Earth have a Martian origin.

00:41:03Scientists analyzed the chemical content of some meteorites

00:41:07found in the Sahara Desert, Antarctica, and other places.

00:41:10And it turned out these rocks had arrived from the red planet.

00:41:15The only asteroid belt in the solar system astronomers know about

00:41:19lies between Mars and Jupiter.

00:41:21There are thousands of asteroids in this region,

00:41:24but they're extremely widely spaced.

00:41:26If you had to go through that area,

00:41:28the chances of colliding with an asteroid would be almost non-existent.

00:41:32The four largest asteroids, sometimes called minor planets,

00:41:36contain half the mass of the entire belt.

00:41:39And still, the total weight of all the asteroids there

00:41:43is a mere 4% of the moon's weight.

00:41:47Mercury is the most cratered planet in the solar system.

00:41:50Its craters are named after famous musicians, artists, and writers.

00:41:56The valley called Valles Marineris on Mars

00:41:59is more than 10 times larger than Earth's Grand Canyon.

00:42:03The origin of this valley puzzles astronomers.

00:42:06After all, Mars isn't a planet known for its active plate tectonics.

00:42:12Atmospheric pressure on Venus is 92 times greater than that on Earth.

00:42:17Venus also has a much denser atmosphere.

00:42:19That's why only big meteorites can make it to the planet's surface.

00:42:23The smaller ones get slowed down and fall into pieces

00:42:27before reaching the ground.

00:42:29Our planet has its magnetic field,

00:42:31thanks to scorching hot liquid metal that's flowing inside its outer core.

00:42:35This creates electric currents,

00:42:37and they, in turn, generate the magnetic field.

00:42:41For the past 200 years, the planet's magnetic north pole

00:42:44has moved northward for about 600 miles.

00:42:48These days, it's traveling faster than it used to,

00:42:5140 miles per year versus 10 miles per year several decades ago.

00:42:56Volcanoes on Pluto, which are called cryovolcanoes,

00:43:00spit not lava, but ice.

00:43:03Instead of molten rock, they erupt water, methane, and ammonia.

00:43:09Jupiter's mass is twice greater than the mass of all the other planets

00:43:13in the solar system combined.

00:43:15Earth is the densest planet in the solar system,

00:43:18but this density varies depending on the planet's part.

00:43:22For example, the crust is less dense than the solid metallic core.

00:43:27Saturn's upper atmosphere is divided into layers of clouds.

00:43:31Those at the top are made of ammonia ice.

00:43:33Then there are water ice clouds, and below them,

00:43:37layers of sulfur ice and cold hydrogen.

00:43:41Uranus rotates on its side.

00:43:43The reason for such an unusual position could be a powerful ancient collision,

00:43:48but so far, it's just a theory.

00:43:50By the way, Uranus is the only planet sitting on its side.

00:43:55Venus rotates in the opposite direction to the sun.

00:43:59The reason might be a powerful collision with an asteroid or another space object.

00:44:05Diapetus, one of Saturn's moons, has an unusual coloring.

00:44:09It's two-toned.

00:44:10One of its sides is dark with a slight reddish hue,

00:44:13while the other is bright.

00:44:15Scientists haven't cracked this mystery yet.

00:44:19Jupiter's moon Io has hundreds of active volcanoes on its surface.

00:44:23It's the most volcanically active body in the entire solar system.

00:44:27The moon is covered in lava lakes and plains of liquid rock.

00:44:31Plumes of sulfur spew up for almost 200 miles.

00:44:37It takes light more than four hours to travel from the sun to Neptune.

00:44:43Of all the planets of the solar system, Jupiter has the shortest day.

00:44:47It lasts for 9 hours and 55 minutes.

00:44:50Such a rapid rotation speed gives the planet its slightly flattened shape.

00:44:56Now, with selfies taking over the social media world,

00:44:59phone companies had to adapt to the way people hold their phones and use their cameras.

00:45:04Apparently, most users tilt their heads slightly to the right when taking selfies.

00:45:08With the camera located in the left corner,

00:45:10it makes it easier to make sure the camera will be in line with the usual tilt of selfie takers.

00:45:16Genius!

00:45:18This allows for a more natural look,

00:45:20making the image look better to leave you feeling great.

00:45:23Cameras on the back of most phones are on the left side as well.

00:45:27Sorry, left-handers, this was designed for the more common right-hander.

00:45:32Mount Everest might be getting all the attention,

00:45:35but Mauna Kea in Hawaii is technically the tallest mountain in the world.

00:45:39Measuring over 33,000 feet from base to summit,

00:45:43the only thing holding Mauna Kea back from the title is that it's mostly underwater.

00:45:49Australia is wider than the moon.

00:45:51The moon has a diameter of over 2,100 miles,

00:45:54while Australia's diameter from coast to coast is almost 2,500 miles.

00:46:00While it may be wider, the moon wins with the land area.

00:46:04Over 15 million square miles!

00:46:06Phew, that's huge!

00:46:08And all that cheese!

00:46:10Antididaphobia is the fear that at any point,

00:46:13somewhere in the world, a duck or goose may be watching you.

00:46:18The person isn't necessarily afraid that the duck or goose will get too close to them or even touch them.

00:46:24They just don't like the feeling of being watched.

00:46:27It was first described in a comic strip to show how anyone can be afraid of anything.

00:46:32Anything can be a phobia.

00:46:34A duck just watching my every move would certainly give me the heebie-jeebies.

00:46:38I might just quack up.

00:46:41Crows are pretty good at recognizing people's faces

00:46:43and have even been found to remember people for a long time.

00:46:48This could be a good thing or a bad thing, depending on how nice you are to them.

00:46:52You don't want to come across a crow that's holding a grudge against you.

00:46:55You probably can't tell which crow is which very easily.

00:46:59So, it might be better to play it safe and just give them all a little wave.

00:47:05In the city of Yoro, in Central America,

00:47:08they have an annual event known as the Rain of Fish.

00:47:11Not that the locals get a choice for it anyways.

00:47:14Every year in May or June, a torrential rainstorm rolls through town,

00:47:19leaving a mass of fish flopping around in the streets.

00:47:23The phenomenon is believed to be caused by water spouts or water tornadoes,

00:47:27which drop the fish far from home.

00:47:29Seafood delivery for free? Yes, please.

00:47:32A photon, the most basic part of light,

00:47:35takes thousands, maybe millions of years to travel from the Sun's core to its surface.

00:47:40But it only takes 8 minutes and 20 seconds on average

00:47:43to get to your eye once it's at the surface.

00:47:46That means that the sunlight we see is very ancient,

00:47:49older than the human race itself.

00:47:52There are only 4 words in the English language which end in "-dos".

00:47:56Tremendous, horrendous, stupendous, and hazardous.

00:48:00Sounds like the teacher's comment on my report card.

00:48:04A single strand of spaghetti onto your fork has a name.

00:48:07It's called a spaghetti.

00:48:10In the Italian language, an I at the end of the word means that it's plural,

00:48:15while an O is singular.

00:48:17This goes for all types, like gnocco instead of gnocchi,

00:48:21fettuccino instead of fettuccine,

00:48:23and raviolo for a single parcel of goodness.

00:48:28Accidentally eating one of those fruit stickers on apples, peaches, and pears

00:48:31shouldn't worry you at all.

00:48:34They can be eaten, but they aren't exactly edible.

00:48:36It'll just leave your body as everything else does.

00:48:40The glue used for them is regulated by the FDA,

00:48:43but it's still recommended that you wash the fruit and remove the sticker

00:48:47before chopping down on it.

00:48:50Dolphins not only have names for each other,

00:48:53but they'll call out for their friends specifically.

00:48:57Makes you wonder what names dolphins have for us when we get in the water.

00:49:01Hey look Frank, those hairless monkeys are back in the water again!

00:49:06German chocolate cake is one of the most delicious cakes out there.

00:49:10It's my all-time favorite,

00:49:12but its name has nothing to do with the country at all.

00:49:15Named after an American baker called Samuel German,

00:49:19who made the tasty treat in 1852.

00:49:23The Eiffel Tower can be 6 inches taller during the summer

00:49:26because of thermal expansion.

00:49:28When the iron heats up during really hot days,

00:49:31the iron particles expand, taking up even more space.

00:49:36Two planets in our solar system rotate the opposite way as the others.

00:49:40Venus and Uranus have this backward rotation.

00:49:43Venus also has the longest day of any planet in our solar system,

00:49:47completing a rotation every 243 Earth days.

00:49:53A baby puffin has the adorable name of puffling.

00:49:57To feed its chick, the puffin parent will carry about 10 fish in its beak at a time.

00:50:04While you sleep, you can't smell anything.

00:50:07Even really, really bad or potent smells.

00:50:11Our taste and smell senses are cut down by 50-20% during flights.

00:50:16This is why airplane food always tastes like cardboard or too salty.

00:50:21Sounds like a pretty convenient excuse from the airlines to me.

00:50:26Look at any watch advertisements, and the time on display should be 10.10.

00:50:31This is because of the positive effect it has.

00:50:34It looks like a smile, and usually, the brand name of the watch is directly below the 12.

00:50:40Stewardesses is the longest word that is typed with only the left side of the keyboard.

00:50:45The word itself isn't used much anymore. Most people say flight attendant instead.

00:50:50Those dum-dums who call out,

00:50:52Hey you! are normally invited to exit the aircraft mid-flight.

00:50:57The longest English word is a crazy 189-819 letters long.

00:51:03I won't spell it out here, but it's the full name for the large protein nicknamed Titan.

00:51:09To say this out loud would take over 3 hours.

00:51:11So grab a snack and settle back, because we're gonna be here for a while.

00:51:16I wouldn't do that to you.

00:51:19Eunoia, at 6 letters long, is the shortest word in the English language

00:51:23that contains all 5 main vowels. Eunoia means beautiful thinking or well-minded.

00:51:30It's rarely used these days in the medical field.

00:51:33And if you add two of them, you'd then have a para-Eunoia. Nah, not really.

00:51:40Glass balls can bounce higher than rubber ones.

00:51:43When a rubber ball hits a surface, it deforms before returning to its original shape.

00:51:48And a lot of energy is lost in this process. A glass ball doesn't compress at all,

00:51:53keeping a lot of its energy for the bounce back up.

00:51:57Here's a flash. Kangaroos can't walk backward.

00:52:00Their long feet and heavy tail make walking impossible, forward or backward.

00:52:06They can move side to side with incredible agility,

00:52:09but jumping back is impossible because of that large muscular tail.

00:52:14So let's go to the hop!

00:52:17The loneliest creature on Earth is a whale that's been calling for a mate for a long time.

00:52:22Researchers identified the whale's abnormally high call decades ago,

00:52:27and it's believed to have never received a response.

00:52:31The unknown whale is called lonely because it communicates at a frequency

00:52:35not used by any other whale in the Pacific Ocean. How sad!

00:52:39Meanwhile, the lyrebird can mimic almost any sound it hears, including chainsaws.

00:52:46The Australian species not only copy other birds,

00:52:51but other animals too, like koalas and dogs.

00:52:57In captivity, they'll also copy artificial sounds, such as car alarms, trucks, and chainsaws.

00:53:06The Northern Hemisphere holds roughly 90% of the world's population.

00:53:11No wonder the streets are so crowded up here!

00:53:14The cougar goes by more names than any other animal.

00:53:18The cougar has been given over 80 names. The puma, mountain lion, panther, and catamount are

00:53:24all the same thing. Just don't confuse them with bobcats, lynxes, jaguars, or leopards.

00:53:30They don't appreciate that.

00:53:32Most people can't lick their own elbow. The length of your arm, combined with the

00:53:37flexibility of your joints, makes this impossible for many. Your elbow is just

00:53:42far enough down on your arm that you can't reach it. Go ahead, try it! I'll wait. Okay, time's up!

00:53:50Octopuses and squids have beaks like birds. The beak is made of the same material that

00:53:55our fingernails are made of – keratin. They can also fit through anything that their beak can,

00:54:01making them the ultimate escape artist. Not you, Houdini!

00:54:06There are over 31 million seconds in a year.

00:54:10We recently discovered this tiny chameleon in Madagascar.

00:54:14At less than an inch long, it's the size of a seed and could fit easily on the tip of your finger.

00:54:21It's nicknamed the nano-lizard and shows how many tiny creatures could be hiding out,

00:54:25undiscovered, away from the eyes of scientists and researchers.

00:54:3011 plus 2 equals 13, of course. And 12 plus 1 equals 13.

00:54:37The 13 letters that make up these phrases equal each other in more ways than one.

00:54:42They are actually anagrams of each other. Wow! Anagrams, homonyms, and antidiphobia!

00:54:49That's a mouthful, but not as sweet as my German chocolate cake. Hey, I'll take seconds!

00:54:57Squirrels' teeth never stop growing, but the animals wear them down by gnawing on nuts and

00:55:03other hard foods. The front of the rodent's teeth is actually orange. It's because they're covered

00:55:08in special tough enamel. Bet you're glad you don't have that to deal with! Some bird species don't

00:55:14mind munching on chili peppers. That's because they can't feel the heat. Peppers burn your mouth

00:55:20because they contain a special chemical, capsaicin, but birds don't have the taste buds needed to feel

00:55:26its effects. The rhino's horn is made of hair, or at least the same protein that makes up your hair

00:55:33and nails. This protein is called keratin. Such a horn is kinda unique since other animals have

00:55:39horns with a bony center. The woodpecker can peck the wood 20 times per second. This pace is almost

00:55:47too high for the human eye to notice. How much wood would a woodpecker peck if a woodpecker could

00:55:52peck wood? The number of pecks often reaches a total of 8,000 to 12,000 a day. A starfish does

00:56:00have eyes, one on the end of each of its arms. These eyes are light-sensitive groups of cells.

00:56:07Frogs don't need to drink water. Instead, they have an area known as the drinking patch.

00:56:13It's on their bellies and thighs. They use it to absorb water directly through the skin.

00:56:18Well, that could save some time. Most caterpillar species have around 4,000 muscles in their body,

00:56:24and almost 250 of them are in the head alone. Christmas tree worms are much more beautiful

00:56:31than you can imagine. But even though the pines look awesome, two-thirds of the worm's body is

00:56:36hidden in a calcium carbonate tube. And the point of this is… I don't have one.

00:56:432. Narwhal's famous tusks are actually their teeth that are kind of turned inside out.

00:56:49These unicorns of the sea have just two teeth, and in males, one of them grows right through

00:56:55their upper lip. Unlike your teeth, this one is tough inside and sensitive and soft on the outside.

00:57:03The anteater doesn't have teeth, but it's not a problem. This creature has a super long tongue.

00:57:09This tongue helps the animal lap up more than 35,000 termites and ants every day.

00:57:16Well, that's one way to lick hunger.

00:57:193. The flea can jump more than 200 times their body length.

00:57:22If humans had such an ability, they would jump as high as the Empire State Building.

00:57:29The red-eyed tree frog's eggs can hatch earlier if they sense their environment isn't safe.

00:57:35Small animals with fast metabolism see in slow-mo. This helps them escape larger creatures.

00:57:42Koalas' fingerprints are very, very similar to the human ones. Sometimes,

00:57:47these animals' fingerprints even get confused at crime scenes. Probably in Australia.

00:57:54The hippo's sweat is pink and not exactly sweat. It's a reddish, oily fluid. Its function is

00:58:01to not cool the body but to moisturize the skin and protect it. This fluid also functions as an

00:58:07antibiotic. So, you get sunburned or cut, you can smear a hippo all over you.

00:58:13Polar bear's skin is black, and the hairs of their coat are hollow and almost see-through.

00:58:19These animals have fur growing even on the bottom of their paws.

00:58:23This gives them a better grip on ice and protects against cold.

00:58:27Some species of tarantulas, some of the largest spiders in the world,

00:58:31can live without food for more than 2 years. I still think they're creepy.

00:58:37Platypuses close their eyes while kissing, I mean, swimming. They have special folds of skin

00:58:43covering their ears and eyes. They prevent water from getting inside. These animals' nostrils also

00:58:49have a watertight seal. Emus can't walk backwards, but scientists aren't sure why. These flightless

00:58:56birds are the only ones that have calf muscles. Emus can sprint really fast. They can also travel

00:59:03long distances, but they can't back up. Crocodiles can't move their tongue because it's attached to

00:59:09the mouth roof. It keeps the throat closed and protects the animal's airway. Water snakes,

00:59:15dolphins, whales, alligators, crocodiles, and turtles can drown. It'll happen if they stay

00:59:22underwater for too long. These animals can't breathe in the water. They can just hold their

00:59:27breath for a very long time. Only one species of birds can fly backwards. That's hummingbirds.

00:59:34Hey, go talk to the emu. These tiny birds can also beat their wings up to 80 times per second.

00:59:42Despite what elephant shrews look like, these small animals are more closely related to

00:59:47elephants than shrews. Maybe that's why they have their trademark trunk-like noses.

00:59:52Elephant shrews use them to munch on insects. Shrew enough!

00:59:57Cats, as well as other felines, can't taste sweet things. They don't have the taste buds

01:00:02needed for that. Too bad, more for me. Flamingos can only eat with their heads

01:00:08upside down. That's why their lower bill is massive and their upper bill isn't fixed. Such

01:00:14an arrangement is perfect for upside-down feeding. But it's the opposite of what other birds have.

01:00:20It's not easy being pink. Tiger skin is as striped as their fur.

01:00:27That's all I have to say about that. When toucans sleep, they curl into pretty tight balls.

01:00:33These birds can turn their head so that their tail covers their head and the beak rests on the back.

01:00:38So yeah, they have a ball. The ostrich has some of the largest eyes in the animal kingdom.

01:00:45They're more massive than a bird's brain. Each eye is as big as a billiard ball.

01:00:51All clownfish get born male, but in some circumstances, they can turn into females.

01:00:57This change is irreversible. Unlike most fish, when seahorses mate,

01:01:03they do it for life. Even cuter, when the mates travel, they move side by side and

01:01:09often hold on to each other's tails. The male usually gets stuck schlepping the luggage.

01:01:14Termites never sleep. They don't need to recharge their batteries.

01:01:18But they can eat 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, on your house.

01:01:23The sloth needs up to 2 weeks to digest its food. Hey, take your time, no hurry,

01:01:30nothing on the schedule. Dogs' nose prints can be used for their

01:01:34identification. They are similar to human fingerprints and unique for each animal.

01:01:40Owls don't have eyeballs. Instead, they have eye tubes that don't move in the eye sockets.

01:01:47Penguins don't have external ears, but their hearing is especially sharp.

01:01:52Especially when they're on the lookout for polar bears. Shh, let's not tell them.

01:01:58Jellyfish are up to 98% water. That's why, when they get washed ashore,

01:02:03their bodies can evaporate into the air after just a few hours.

01:02:08If a traffic jam happens underwater, an alligator will always give way to a manatee. Nice manners!

01:02:17Grizzly bears have such a strong bite that they can crush a bowling ball.

01:02:22So, it's smart just to let them win. Giant pandas aren't picky about their

01:02:27sleeping spots. They usually fall asleep wherever they are, in most cases, right on the forest floor.

01:02:35The giant panda's newborn cubs are tiny. They weigh like a small cup of coffee and are smaller

01:02:41than a mouse. The red handfish can walk along the ocean floor with the help of its hands.

01:02:48But, of course, they are not hands, but evolved fins. Really.

01:02:53Cats don't usually meow at each other. A study has shown the felines use this way of communication

01:03:00mostly to get attention from us humans. And it works.

01:03:06Sloths can't shiver. It's not that they're too busy digesting that two-week-old meal.

01:03:11Their fur is sometimes covered with algae. And when they get too hot or too cold,

01:03:17their metabolism shuts down. During the hard times, immortal jellyfish

01:03:23transform themselves back into their younger state. Once they reach the stage when they're

01:03:28nothing but a blob of tissue, like me, these creatures start to grow again. And this process

01:03:33can apparently repeat again and again. The closest living relatives of the T. rex

01:03:40are chickens and ostriches. Don't turn your back!

01:03:44The moray eel has another set of jaws that can extend from his throat. First, the main jaws

01:03:50close around an unlucky sea creature. Then, the additional set grabs the eel's future meal with

01:03:57backward-pointing razor-sharp teeth. And after that, the captured animal gets dragged back into

01:04:03the eel's throat. I just lost my appetite. Some species of snails have hairy shells.

01:04:10Thanks to these hairs, snails can better stick to wet surfaces.

01:04:14When humpback whales hunt, they often gather in a group and apply a bubble-net tactic to

01:04:20catch their food. The bubbles don't let the schools of fish get away.

01:04:26Snow leopards can't roar like other large felines. It has to do with their less-developed

01:04:31vocal cords. But these animals can meow, growl, hiss, and even purr.

01:04:40Not to drift away from their group while napping, sea otters hold hands. They can also entangle

01:04:46themselves in giant seaweed for the same purpose. Hey, it kelps!

01:04:52Lions are often called the king of the prairie. I thought it was the king of the jungle.

01:04:57And still, up to 90% of all the hunting in the pride is done by the females.

01:05:03The males are in charge of protecting the territory and the pride members. And they

01:05:08make the delicious potato salad known as Hakuna Matata.

01:05:13Cats are famous for their uncanny ability to move their ears.

01:05:17All because kitties have 32 muscles in each outer ear.

01:05:21Some shark species can glow in the dark. Unfortunately, only other sharks can see

01:05:27this greenish glimmer. You have up to 8,000 taste buds,

01:05:32but your pooch has just a bit over 1,500. The blue jay can imitate other birds. Its

01:05:38favorite is a hawk's call. The blue jay uses it to scare away other birds from its territory.

01:05:45Slow lorries are insanely cute and just as treacherous. They're the only known venomous

01:05:51primates. They have a gland in the crook of their inner arm. It secretes toxins that can cause

01:05:57unpleasant consequences in people. The hartebeest has an amazing evasion tactic.

01:06:03To run away from other animals, they move in a zigzag pattern.

01:06:08Bottlenose dolphins have names for one another. Those are specific whistles. Hey, Bob! Hey,

01:06:14Charlie! Hey, Dolly! Hey, boys! And thanks for all the fish!

01:06:19Giraffes have long, and I mean it, black tongues. Scientists suppose this color

01:06:24might protect the tongue from getting sunburned. Well, that's all I got. See ya!

01:06:35It takes about a month for all the skin cells to renew. We shed about 30,000 dead cells every

01:06:4260 seconds, losing about 9 pounds of skin every year. So, when your friends call you flaky,

01:06:48they're not entirely wrong. Our fingernails grow way faster than toenails. The latter grow almost

01:06:544 times slower because they're less frequently damaged than fingernails. Even though we often

01:06:59stumble on them, sudden circulation bursts usually don't last long. An eyelash is only here to stay

01:07:06for 150 days. The world eyelash record was about 3 inches long. They're also home for tiny mites.

01:07:14We blink about 4,200,000 times a year, at least once every 8 seconds. When we sneeze,

01:07:21the air that we blow speeds out at 100 mph. It could accelerate faster than a brand-new Ferrari.

01:07:28Also, you could fracture a rib if you sneeze too hard.

01:07:32Depending on the person, a human produces from half a quart to a full quart of saliva every

01:07:38single day. That's enough saliva to fill several bathtubs in a year. No spit! Saliva acts as a

01:07:45perfect remedy. Wounds in our mouth heal way faster than elsewhere. It also helps to taste

01:07:51food. Our taste buds are ready to perceive it only when it's dissolved in saliva.

01:07:56Now, it may sound crazy, but our bones are stronger than they seem. A cubic inch of human bone can

01:08:02bear about 19,000 pounds, making it 4 times stronger than concrete. The only thing that

01:08:09makes our blood type different is sugar! AB and AB types have 5 types of sugars,

01:08:15while O has only 4, which makes it perfect for donors. Lack of additional sugar doesn't make

01:08:21O type less sweet. In fact, it attracts mosquitoes even more than other blood types.

01:08:27People have only 8 blood types, while cows have 800 and possibly more.

01:08:33Usually, we shed about 50 to 150 hairs a day. An average lifespan of a hair is 5 years,

01:08:40and as soon as an old hair says goodbye to your scalp, a new one starts growing immediately.

01:08:46A human hair is stronger than the same diameter copper wire. A single hair can hold up to 3.4

01:08:53ounces of weight, and if used properly, a full head can hold up to 18,500 pounds.

01:09:00Our stomach is bigger than it may seem with a capacity of nearly half a pound when needed,

01:09:05while the average is around 32 ounces. The food is digested within 4 to 6 hours,

01:09:10and it can also dissolve metal, so capacity matters.

01:09:15Lips are much more sensitive than fingers, having around a million nerve endings.

01:09:20They are 100 times as sensitive as the tips of fingers.

01:09:24Grooves and furrows make our lip print unique, just like fingerprints are. They also remain

01:09:30unchanged throughout our life. Tongue print is unique too, by the way.

01:09:34So, when are we going to see a tongue print reader?

01:09:38Our belly buttons have an entire zoo in them, with a range of about 70 different bacteria.

01:09:43Some of them can also be found in soil in Japan, and even several kinds of bacteria

01:09:48typical for polar ice caps.

01:09:51Our bodies actually glow. We can't see that with the naked eye, though,

01:09:55because the light we emit is 1,000 times less intense than the minimum level we can perceive.

01:10:01Humans are the only living things on Earth that can actually blush,

01:10:05or need to, according to Mark Twain.

01:10:08Blushing is provoked by an adrenaline rush. Carmine, used in blushes and lipsticks,

01:10:14is red dye made up of ground-up beetles. Ew!

01:10:19Your ears keep growing throughout your life. They do sweat too,

01:10:23and earwax is actually the kind of sweat they produce.

01:10:27By the way, your nose never stops growing either.

01:10:31Your heart is the only muscle that never gets tired.

01:10:34The aorta is massive. Its diameter is almost as large as a hose in your garden.

01:10:40We emit about 16 to 48 ounces of gases every day, which is enough to fill a small balloon.

01:10:47Okay, you can insert the appropriate sound effect here.

01:10:51Good job.

01:10:52Fat helps our bodies consume vitamins. Such vitamins as A, D, K, and E can be properly

01:11:00absorbed only when they're dissolved in fat. Our bodies have enough fat to produce 7 bars of soap.

01:11:07Blackheads made of sebum aren't black because they're dirty. They get dark because the debris

01:11:12is oxidized. Some parts of your brain can eat up their own neurons and proteins

01:11:17if you don't provide enough sleep. For example, the hypothalamus that's responsible for your sleep,

01:11:23hunger, and body temperature can do that.

01:11:27You can't inhale and swallow at the same time. I know you've just tried it.

01:11:32That thing called the pharynx is used as an air passage when you inhale,

01:11:36or as a food passage when you swallow.

01:11:39When we're awake, our brain may produce enough energy to turn an electric bulb on.

01:11:45It generates about 10 watts of power.

01:11:48You carry enough bacteria in your body to fill a can. Bacteria make about 3 to 5 pounds of your

01:11:55weight, representing 2% of our total weight. Still, most of them are the waste that our body has.

01:12:02The normal body temperature is considered to be at a range of 97 to 99 degrees Fahrenheit.

01:12:08The highest fever ever recorded was a critical 115 degrees. Oh, and that person survived.

01:12:16The pinky finger may be the smallest one, but it's the strongest one too.

01:12:20It has 50% of all strength of your hand.

01:12:24A human has about 20,000 to 25,000 genes. Still, cornflakes have more genes than we do.

01:12:31Luckily, it's about sophistication, not the quality this time. Cornflakes 1, humans 0.

01:12:38The iron our bodies have is enough to produce 3 nails,

01:12:42each 1 inch long. The carbon that we have can be used for 900 pencils.

01:12:48Your liver has a superpower of growing back removed parts.

01:12:51It can regenerate to the original size from as little as a quarter of itself.

01:12:57The coolest camera so far has 400 megapixels. A human eye has 576. That's why the sunsets are

01:13:05so much better in real life than in the photos. A roller coaster actually tosses your organs

01:13:11around. When you feel as if your stomach's turning over, it might actually be the case.

01:13:17Even though every person on Earth has an absolutely unique smell,

01:13:21identical twins smell exactly the same. It must be because they have identical genes.

01:13:28Almost half of your taste buds will have gone away by the time you turn 60. Your sense of smell

01:13:34gets less acute as you get older too. When you cough, you release the air at

01:13:39about 60 mph. Turnips can be a great remedy for cough. Just slice them and add some honey on top.

01:13:46A tablespoon three times a day is enough.

01:13:50Our skin is the biggest organ that we have. It's also one of the heaviest organs,

01:13:54weighing up to 9 pounds. Hiccups is a two-step process. First, you inhale a lot of air because

01:14:01of a muscle spasm, and then, bang, the airways are closed, the air is blocked,

01:14:06and the famous sound goes inside. We don't smell when we sleep. That's why

01:14:12it's almost impossible to notice a gas leak at night. While sleeping, we can only rely on sound.

01:14:18Well, actually, we can technically smell while we sleep, but normally, a good shower can eliminate

01:14:24that. Out of all the senses we have, smell is the most acute one. We remember 65% of smells

01:14:31after a year, but only 50% of things we've seen over the last 3 weeks. We also get a new nose

01:14:37every 28 days because nose cells are renewed every 4 weeks. As for taste, again, we mostly rely on our

01:14:45smell since it helps us perceive up to 95% of the flavor. Without our smell sense, it'd be hard to

01:14:52tell an apple from a turnip. While a bunch of flowers may be fragrant for you, there are people

01:14:58who suffer from cacosmia. They always seem to smell something unpleasant, even if there's

01:15:04nothing like that around. We need ears not only for hearing but for balance too.

01:15:10Our vestibular system occupies the inner ear. Canals in your inner ear contain fluid and tiny

01:15:17hair-like sensors helping you keep your balance. If you have red eyes in a photo, blame it on

01:15:23bouncing light. The flash jumps off the blood vessels at the back of your eyes, creating that

01:15:29effect. All the bones in your body are connected to each other except for the hyoid. This bone

01:15:35serves as a support to your tongue, and it's one of the rarest bones to break.

01:15:42The Mozilla Firefox logo is a fox embracing the planet. The original browser's logo was a phoenix

01:15:49bird reborn from its flames designed in 2002. Back then, the browser was named Mozilla Firebird.

01:15:57Two years later, they changed the name to Firefox.

01:16:00It's the English nickname for the red panda. It's a rare and protected animal from Asia.

01:16:07There's a bear standing on its hind legs hidden within the famous Toblerone logo.

01:16:12The mountain-shaped chocolate bar was created in Bern, the Swiss capital, by Emil Baumann and

01:16:17Theodor Tobler. It's nicknamed the City of Bears and has a bear featured on its coat of arms.

01:16:25That's why this animal is featured in the image of the Matterhorn Mountain that inspired the logo.

01:16:31The image of a happy girl in Wendy's logo was inspired by the daughter of the fast food chain's

01:16:36creator, Dave Thomas. Wendy is her nickname. If you look closer, you'll notice her collar spells

01:16:42out the word mom. Whether intentional or not, it became something to mean a homely feel the

01:16:48restaurant gives its guests. 9.41, set as the time in iPhone's ads, isn't a random choice of

01:16:55numbers. In 2007, Steve Jobs first introduced the iPhone to the public after a 41-minute

01:17:02presentation at exactly 9.41 a.m. The first Apple logo was designed in 1976 and featured Sir Isaac

01:17:10Newton sitting under a tree with an apple about to fall on his head. It seemed too complex and

01:17:17unclear to many, so Steve Jobs wanted it replaced. The designer of the new logo, Rob Yanov, made it

01:17:24an apple we all know today. He was most likely inspired by the original logo but wanted to make

01:17:30it more simple. He added the bite so that no one would confuse it with a cherry, a peach, or any

01:17:36other round fruit with a stem. Without realizing it, he added a fun pun to the logo. Bite seems

01:17:42very much like the computer term. Toyota's logo symbolizes the merge of the hearts of customers

01:17:49and the company. Two overlapping ovals stand for T for Toyota and the steering wheel. The outer oval

01:17:55is for the world-embracing Toyota. The background space represents the infinite values of the

01:18:00company. Great quality, value beyond expectation, the joy of driving, innovation and integrity and

01:18:08safety, the environment and social responsibility. Life insurance for Apollo 11 astronauts cost a

01:18:16fortune since the mission was so risky and unpredictable. The astronauts couldn't afford it,

01:18:22so they signed hundreds of covers that their families could sell to fund some big expenses

01:18:27in case anything went wrong. Snickers candy bar was created by Frank Mars, founder of Mars Inc.

01:18:34It was inspired by an already existing snack made of nougat, peanut, and caramel and named

01:18:41after Mars's family horse. Until 1990, they called it a marathon candy bar in the UK.

01:18:48As soon as they switched the name to Snickers there, it went from the number one selling candy

01:18:52bar in Britain to the number three. When NBC's logo was developed, colored televisions were

01:18:58revolutionary gadgets. The logo with a rainbow of colors points it out. The peacock illustrates

01:19:05the phrase, as proud as a peacock. It was meant to show they were proud of their new color system.

01:19:11The six different colors of the feathers represent the six different divisions of NBC.

01:19:17The yellow arrow in the Amazon logo that starts at A and ends at Z shows you can buy anything

01:19:23from them, from A to Z. It also looks like a smile, symbolizing the happiness of their customers.

01:19:30The original name of the business was not Amazon, but Cadabra Inc. Jeff Bezos experimented with

01:19:36different names for his website as well, and one of them, Relentless.com, still redirects to Amazon.

01:19:44Papa John's Pizza CEO, John Schnatter, started his business in a broom closet in a bar he co-owned

01:19:51with his dad in Indiana in 1984. Over the years, it has grown to the third largest pizza chain

01:19:58in the world, with 5,500 restaurants in 49 countries. Baskin-Robbins has 31 different flavors.

01:20:09In the letters B and R in the logo, hide this number. The B curve stands for three, and the

01:20:15stem of the R stands for one. You can visit the first website ever created, called the World Wide

01:20:22Web Project, even today. It went live in 1991 and now serves as a historical archive about the

01:20:29World Wide Web. It doesn't have a single picture, just text. The web itself was invented by Tim

01:20:36Berners-Lee, a British scientist working at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research,

01:20:42in 1989. The first product ever scanned at a supermarket was a 10-pack of Wrigley Juicy Fruit

01:20:49Gum in 1974 in Troy, Ohio. The barcode was invented and patented back in 1952, but the idea only took

01:20:58off when its inventor started working for IBM. Until then, grocery clerks had to put a price

01:21:03sticker on every item, and cashiers had to read those tags and type the price by hand.

01:21:09The Quicksilver logo is a customized version of the Great Wave off Kanagawa, a famous wood print

01:21:16by Japanese artist Hokusai. When Quicksilver expanded their business and started a woman's

01:21:22brand Roxy, they mirrored their logo so that one looks like a heart. Until 2010, rural broadband

01:21:30internet was slower than carrier pigeons. In a speed test, they let pigeons with USB sticks fly

01:21:36from a Yorkshire farm to cover the distance of 50 miles. They finished the race an hour and a

01:21:42quarter later. By this time, only 24% of a 300-megabyte file had been uploaded.

01:21:49Picasa lets you organize and view your images online, and its logo is more than a simple

01:21:54colorful camera shutter. The white space in the middle forms a house, meaning it will be a safe

01:22:00home for your photos. It also has a house, or casa in its name, and P stands for pixels. Letters

01:22:09L and G in the LG logo form a human face. L is the nose, and G represents the rest of it. They call it

01:22:15the face of the future, and the idea was to give the brand some human elements and make it friendlier.

01:22:23Many tech companies test their new products in New Zealand. It's an ethnically diverse country

01:22:28with English-speaking people, and most importantly, it's so isolated, news about product failure won't

01:22:34spread quickly. FedEx logo might seem basic when it comes to its colors and font, but it's hiding

01:22:41an arrow between the letters E and X. It stands for speed, accuracy, striving for perfection,

01:22:48and perseverance in achieving goals. The four rings in the Audi logo represent the four companies

01:22:54that blended together to form it. Audi, DKW, Porsche, and Wanderer. The latter started as a bicycle repair shop.

01:23:05Gillette company, famous for its razors, wanted their logo to be as sharp and precise as possible.

01:23:10This is how they ended up with a cut between G and I that forms blade-like shapes on top of each

01:23:16other. Black and white colors in the logo symbolize the elegance, purity, prestige, and excellence of

01:23:22the products. Some people have a fear of technology, aka technophobia. Now, it mostly has to do with

01:23:31complex new devices like computers, but it has its roots back in the time of the industrial revolution.

01:23:37It began in the 18th century when workers were afraid new machines would take their jobs.

01:23:43Google rents goats from a special company in California to mow their lawns.

01:23:47They bring about 200 goats to Google headquarters at Mountain View.

01:23:51It takes them around one week to eat all the unnecessary grass and fertilize the land.

01:23:57The founders of Domino's were originally planning to add a dot to the Domino's in the logo for every

01:24:02new place they opened, but it was growing way too fast and too big for that, so they decided

01:24:07to keep just three dots for the three original locations. In 2004, AT became the first new

01:24:15character to be added to Morse code for the first time in at least 60 years. It consists of the

01:24:21signals for A and C with no break in between, so you can spell your email in Morse code now

01:24:27if you ever have to. In its 150-year history, Levi's had eight logo redesigns. The first one

01:24:35was called the Two Horse Brand. It had a lot of detail in it. The current logo known as Batwing

01:24:41is over 50 years old and represents the shape of a pocket you can find on every

01:24:46pair of Levi's jeans. It's supposed to give a youthful yet timeless feel.

01:24:52Evernote app stores your notes and has an elephant for its logo because the saying goes,

01:24:57an elephant never forgets. And these animals do have an impressive memory.

01:25:02The ear on the elephant is curled over like a post-it note. The H in the Hyundai logo isn't

01:25:08just for the company's name. It's the outlines of two people firmly shaking hands. It's an

01:25:13exchange of trust between the company and its customers. The oval around the figures is a

01:25:18symbol of Hyundai's global expansion. The silver color symbolizes sophistication and perfection.

01:25:24The digital blue version reflects reliability and excellence.

01:25:29Lacoste got its iconic logo thanks to a bet René Lacoste, co-founder of the company,

01:25:34and tennis player made with the captain of the French Davis Cup team.

01:25:37The captain promised to give Lacoste a crocodile-skinned suitcase if he won the match.

01:25:42Lacoste didn't win, but got his nickname Crocodile out of it. He had a crocodile

01:25:47embroidered on his tennis court blazer. When it was time to launch his apparel brand,

01:25:51the crocodile came in handy. Oreos are the world's most popular manufactured cookie,

01:25:57with over 40 billion pieces produced every year.

01:26:02Originally, they were sold by weight at the price of $2.35 for 9.25 pounds.

01:26:08A circle topped with a two-bar cross stamped on each cookie is an Abisko logo that is a European

01:26:14symbol of quality. When Michael Dell started his company in 1984, he planned to turn the

01:26:21world on its ear with his business. That's why the E in Dell's logo is slanted. The blue color

01:26:26stands for loyalty, trustworthiness, confidence, and intelligence.

01:26:31The first mechanical alarm clock could only ring at one time, at 4 a.m. It was invented by Levi

01:26:37Hutchins in 1787 in Concord, New Hampshire. Hutchins designed the device to wake him up for work.

01:26:45The early prototype of alarm clocks was invented by the Greeks in 250 BCE.

01:26:50They used rising water to bring a whistle into action.

01:26:53Airbnb's logo isn't a bent paper clip. It's called a bellow, for belonging. It's a person's

01:27:00head, the location symbol, a pin, and a heart for love. Together, these symbols make Airbnb's famous

01:27:07A. In 2006, Qatar Telecom organized a charity auction, where they sold the phone number 666-66-66

01:27:17to an anonymous bidder for $2.75 million. It became the most expensive phone number in the world.

01:27:26Segway polo is a legit sport with functional teams from all corners of the globe.

01:27:31It doesn't require a particular fitness level, has no age restrictions, and is gaining popularity.

01:27:37There are four 8-minute sections of the game, and the goal is to knock the ball into the goal

01:27:41using a special hammer. If you take a closer look at the Tour de France logo,

01:27:47you'll notice a cyclist hiding in the O, U, and R. The second hidden message here is the

01:27:52yellow circle, representing the stages of the race that only occur during the daytime.

01:27:58Phantom vibration syndrome is how you call that feeling when you think your phone is vibrating,

01:28:03but it isn't. If you often experience that, it might be a sign you're over-involved with your

01:28:08phone. Sony VAIO logo symbolizes the integration of analog and digital technologies in its products.

01:28:15The letters V and A look like an analog wave. The letters I and O are there to resemble the

01:28:21numbers 1 and 0 for a digital signal or binary code. The original Xbox had edited sound bites

01:28:28from actual transmissions from the Apollo space missions. If you left it on the home screen,

01:28:34you'd eventually hear fragments of real chatter from the mission.

01:28:38Pinterest lets you pin stuff you find interesting to your online boards.

01:28:42Its logo shows exactly that. It's a pin design hidden in the letter P. Pin-shaped P's are an

01:28:48important part of Pinterest branding to get people to pin more things by mimicking the action of

01:28:52pushing a pin into a board. Pepsi spent around 1 million dollars to design its logo with many

01:28:59secret meanings. It hints at Feng Shui, the Renaissance, the Earth's magnetic field, the

01:29:04theory of relativity, Mona Lisa, and the Parthenon. Among other things, it is supposed to serve as the

01:29:11key to the universe. Nintendo was founded back in 1889, long before computers as a playing card

01:29:19company. They still produce those in Japan and even organize a bridge tournament called the

01:29:24Nintendo Cup. In 1973, a Motorola engineer made the first cell phone call in history from 6th

01:29:32Avenue in New York City. He was using a 2.5 pound prototype to call a rival from Bell Laboratories.

01:29:39There was silence at the other end of the line. The phone was almost the size of a shoebox,

01:29:43allowed its owner to talk for 35 hours and needed 10 hours to recharge.

01:29:49The first commercial text message in history was sent on December 3rd, 1992,

01:29:54and was wishing happy holidays to the recipient, who was a Vodafone employee.

01:29:58Now the average number of texts sent is 6 billion per day.

01:30:03Apple used to have its clothing line in 1986, called the Apple Collection. They did it one

01:30:08year after Steve Jobs' temporary resignation. The idea was to see how far their fans would go in

01:30:13buying branded clothing, accessories, and lifestyle items. The horizontal lines in the IBM

01:30:19logo remind those times when photocopies had difficulties reproducing large blocks of solid

01:30:25ink. Originally, there were 13 lines in the logo, but then they reduced the number to 8,

01:30:30as they had ink bleeding problems with the 13 lines in their print media.

01:30:35The serif on the bottom of the M has an equal sign to show they value equality.

01:30:405 megabytes of data used to weigh one ton. In 1953, engineers in IBM's laboratory invented

01:30:47the first hard drive. The cabinet containing it weighed over 2,200 pounds and could hold

01:30:53just 5 megabytes of data. McDonald's logo isn't just a letter M,

01:30:59but also the symbol of the original golden arches of the restaurant chain.

01:31:03They realized prospective customers could see them well from the highway and would stop by.

01:31:08The world's first computer mouse was invented in 1964 and called XY Position Indicator for

01:31:14display systems. It was rectangular and made from wood with a little button on the top right.

01:31:20The inventor, Doug Engelbart, called it a mouse because of the cord coming from it that looked

01:31:25like that of a mouse. The name Mitsubishi is a combination of Mitsu, which means three,

01:31:31and Hishi, which means water chestnut. The Japanese used this word to denote a

01:31:36diamond shape. So, put together, the brand name translates as three diamonds.

01:31:42The shield shape of the NFL logo symbolizes the league's commitment to the highest standard of

01:31:47sporting entertainment. The eight stars stand for the eight divisions currently used in the NFL.

01:31:53The first word that has ever been autocorrected was te. To do it, you had to press the left arrow

01:31:59and F3. Northwest Airlines' logo has an N and a W in negative spaces.

01:32:06The triangle in the circle is a compass that points northwest.

01:32:09The airlines were flying up high from 1926 until 2010 when they merged with Delta.

01:32:16A study from Beth Israel Medical Center in New York showed that surgeons who grew up playing

01:32:21video games more than three hours per week make 37% fewer errors, perform 27% faster,

01:32:28and scored 42% better at the test of surgical skills.

01:32:32The Mercedes-Benz brand is a product of merging the companies of Gottlieb Daimler

01:32:36and Carl Benz. Benz Company's logo that was Benz Lettering, surrounded by a laurel wreath,

01:32:42was registered as a trademark in 1909. Daimler had a Mercedes star for a logo.

01:32:49When the companies merged in 1925, they got a new shared logo of Daimler's Mercedes star

01:32:54in Benz's laurel wreath. The star has three points that represent land, sea, and air.

01:33:00These are the three environments the company originally planned to dominate.

01:33:05Carrefour translates into English as crossroads and has a logical logo of two stylized arrows,

01:33:11symbolizing the different directions you can take. The logo is in the French national colors of red,

01:33:17blue, and white. In the white space between the arrows forms the letter C.

01:33:23Salvador Dali designed the Chupa Chups lollipop's logo. The artist put the existing text on a

01:33:28colored daisy-shaped background. He also wanted to move the logo to the top of the lollipop wrapper

01:33:33from the side, so that it would always be intact and visible to buyers.

01:33:38The first ever computer virus was developed in 1971. It was named the Creeper program

01:33:44and designed as a security test to see how it would spread between computers.

01:33:49Samsung was founded as a grocery store on March 1, 1938, which makes it 38 years and

01:33:55one month older than Apple. Founded on April 1, 1976, the first phone was released to the public

01:34:02back in 1874. It took three years for it to be in the homes of around 50,000 people and another 75

01:34:09years to get to the 50 million people point. It only took the radio 38 years to get to the same

01:34:14number and television made it in just 13 years. The Google logo seems pretty basic when it comes

01:34:21to colors. There's primary red, yellow, and blue, but they also added green that interrupts the primary

01:34:27color scheme. It's supposed to show that Google is an innovator that doesn't do what's expected

01:34:31of it and is unique from other companies. Shell oil giant has been around since 1904 and its yellow

01:34:39red logo has changed a lot over the years. The original one was a more realistic picture of a

01:34:44Pac-10 shell. The current logo is more stylized.

01:35:02The tuatara is a reptile that has a third eye on top of its head. The eye has a retina, nerve

01:35:08connections, and a lens, but isn't used for seeing as during growth it quickly becomes covered by

01:35:14scales. Scientists are still trying to find the eye's mysterious function. There's only one letter

01:35:20that doesn't appear in the name of any of the 50 U.S. states. There's a Z in Arizona and even two

01:35:26pesky X's in New Mexico and Texas. But search a map and you won't find a single Q in any U.S. state

01:35:34name. It's estimated that a total of 108 billion people have lived on Earth throughout its history.

01:35:42Ever wondered what that tiny pocket in your jeans is for? It's a watch pocket and was originally

01:35:48intended as a place to store pocket watches. It dates back to 1879 as a new feature on a

01:35:54pair of Levi's jeans. Over 3 billion pounds of potatoes are used to make McDonald's fries every

01:36:01year, which is around 15% of all the potatoes grown in America in 2020. Unlike humans, cats

01:36:09don't have the same amount of toes on their front and back paws. They usually have five toes on

01:36:15their front paws, but only four on their back ones. If you've got a feline companion, go take a look!

01:36:22The entire population of Earth could fit inside Los Angeles. With the world's population being

01:36:277.5 billion, this seems crazy! But if everyone stood shoulder to shoulder, we could all fit

01:36:34inside 500 square miles. Pigs aren't the only animals that are great at finding truffles.

01:36:41Dogs are just as good thanks to their sense of smell and are now used more commonly.

01:36:47The current American flag was designed by a high school student. Bob Heft designed the flag for his

01:36:53history class in 1958 and was only given a B- for his efforts. Later, his design was chosen out of

01:37:01more than 1,500 others to become the new flag. His grade was unsurprisingly changed to an A after this.

01:37:09The pandas in your local zoo may look at home, but unless you're in China, they're just on vacation.

01:37:15That's because technically all pandas are on loan from China and are the property of that country.

01:37:22The sentence, the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog, uses every letter in the English

01:37:28language. In 1974, a full NASA spacesuit cost between $15 and $22 million. But over time,

01:37:37NASA hasn't replaced worn-out suits, leading to them only having 4 working EVA suits left.

01:37:43But have no fear! Since 2009, NASA has been working to upgrade their outside-the-spaceship

01:37:49wardrobe with an investment of $200 million. Does that come with sequins?

01:37:55Hot water actually may freeze faster than cold water. This is because the cooled water at the

01:38:00bottom is denser than the hot water at the top, and this uneven temperature distribution speeds

01:38:05up the cooling process. In a 12-hour period, it's likely that an ant will only take 8 minutes of

01:38:12rest. They're really switching up the definition of a power nap! Camels have 3 sets of eyelids

01:38:20and 2 rows of eyelashes to protect them from the blowing sands of the desert.

01:38:25The letter X was first used to represent a kiss all the way back in 1763. It was first

01:38:31used in a letter written by British naturalist Gilbert Wynne. No one actually knows if we're

01:38:38spelling William Shakespeare correctly, and it looks like the man himself wasn't too sure either.

01:38:43He signed his name in a number of ways. But it turned out he never signed anything

01:38:48as William Shakespeare, despite it being the accepted spelling today.

01:38:54The word swims still looks the same even when turned upside down, like that.

01:39:01A tiny percentage of the static that you see on old TV screens is residual radiation left over

01:39:07from the Big Bang. If you were to lift up the tail of a kangaroo, and I wouldn't necessarily

01:39:13recommend this, the animal would no longer be able to hop. Kangaroos use their tails as a third leg

01:39:20to propel them forward and also to keep balance. So, basically, they'd fall over.

01:39:26If you're heading to London to see the famous London Bridge, think again as the original bridge

01:39:32is now in Arizona. By the 1960s, London Bridge was falling down. Really. And so, the city decided

01:39:39to sell it to an American oil tycoon, Robert P. McCullough. It was disassembled, each piece labeled,

01:39:45shipped over to the U.S., and reassembled. It can now be found in Lake Havasu City.

01:39:52Movie trailers, those teasers of upcoming movies shown before the main feature,

01:39:56were originally shown after the movie, which is why they're called trailers.

01:40:03You don't have to worry about a crocodile mocking you, as they can't actually stick

01:40:08out their tongues. Crocs have a membrane in their mouth which prevents the tongue from moving.

01:40:14English is the most widely spoken language in the world, but 4 times more people speak it as

01:40:19a second language than as their mother tongue. Speaking of England, the crown jewels contain

01:40:25two of the largest cut diamonds of all time. The Cullinan Diamond is the largest diamond ever found

01:40:31and is part of the sovereign's scepter with cross. The second gem is the aptly named Cullinan II,

01:40:37which is mounted in the impressive imperial state crown. So now you know.

01:40:43Every glass of water you drink probably contains water molecules that have also been drunk by a

01:40:48dinosaur. The dinosaurs were around for 186 million years, compared to humanity's 200,000,

01:40:55giving them a lot more time to drink Earth's water than us.

01:41:01Huge diamonds could be raining down on Jupiter and Saturn as you watch this video.

01:41:05That's because lightning storms turn methane into carbon, which gradually hardens as it falls

01:41:11and turns into diamonds. Beneath the Easter Island heads, they actually have hidden bodies.

01:41:18In the 1900s, archaeologists dug up two of the statues to find full torsos measuring 30 feet.

01:41:25That's the torso was 30 feet long, not that the statue had 30 feet. That would be weird.

01:41:31Next time you're struggling to concentrate when studying, try reaching for a stick of gum. A study

01:41:37found that participants who chewed gum while taking a memory test could stay focused longer

01:41:42than those who didn't. Common sense would suggest that trees have been around before most animals

01:41:48as they produce oxygen for us to breathe. If you were to tell this to a shark, it would laugh as

01:41:54the sea creatures were actually around long before trees. Sharks date back around 400 million years,

01:42:00with trees coming in about 50 million years later. Yeah, I wanna see a shark laugh.

01:42:07Listen closely next time you turn on the hot and cold water taps as water actually makes

01:42:12different pouring sounds depending on its temperature. The heat changes the thickness

01:42:17of the water, which changes the pitch of the sound it makes when it's poured.

01:42:21There may be a new suspect to add to police lineups, and that suspect is a koala bear.

01:42:27While gorillas and chimps have fingerprints similar to humans, so does the cuddly koala.

01:42:33The Comic Sans font has divided people across the world for decades,

01:42:37and has developed a reputation for being informal or unprofessional. This makes perfect sense given

01:42:43its creation as designer Vincent Conner looked to his favorite comic books like Watchmen for

01:42:49inspiration. Think of the first thing that comes to your head when Transylvania is brought up.

01:42:55It's vampires, right? But Dracula's author Bram Stoker never actually visited the mountainous

01:43:01region of Romania, which cemented Transylvania in the legend of the vampire forever.

01:43:08The first college football game took place as far back as 1869, and was between Rutgers and

01:43:14Princeton. Rutgers won the game 6-4. If you're looking for a bodyguard from the animal kingdom,

01:43:21look no further. The silverback gorilla can lift up to 10 times its own body weight,

01:43:26which translates to a total of around 1,800 pounds.

01:43:30This makes them one of the strongest living mammals on Earth.

01:43:34Ever wondered how a city gets named? In Portland, it came down to a coin flip.

01:43:40If the coin had landed the other way around, we'd be calling it Boston, Oregon.

01:43:45Iceland is growing 2 inches every year. This is because it's divided by the North American

01:43:50and European tectonic plates. So as the plates push wider apart, the bigger Iceland gets.

01:43:56The average person will spend a whopping 6 months of their life

01:43:59waiting for red traffic lights to turn green. Poor yellow isn't even mentioned.

01:44:05Humans are the only animals with chins. While other animals, like the chimpanzee,

01:44:10share similarities with humans, like walking on two legs or having a jaw,

01:44:15none actually have that little bit of bone in the middle of the lower jaw.

01:44:19So hey, when you're feeling down, chin up!

01:44:25Oh, the phone's ringing. Must be something urgent. At 11 PM?

01:44:29Only, all the gadgets in the house are silent. It's your ears that are ringing. You can also

01:44:35hear some hissing, whistling, buzzing, and even roaring. But all this noise doesn't have an

01:44:41external source. That's why it's known as phantom sounds. They can occur in one or both ears,

01:44:49constantly or from time to time. They're usually most noticeable at night when nothing distracts

01:44:54you. Hearing noise in your ears is called tinnitus. It's quite common and affects 15-20%

01:45:00of people. Tinnitus starts in the part of your inner ear shaped like a snail. It's called the

01:45:06cochlea. Your middle ear picks up sound waves. They get translated into electrical impulses in

01:45:14the inner ear. Then, sensory nerves carry these impulses to your brain. If your inner ear works

01:45:20incorrectly, your brain can misinterpret the sounds. Tinnitus occurs when there are some

01:45:26changes in the cochlea's nerve. They can be caused by loud noise, like chainsaws, jackhammers,

01:45:32loud music, or shouting. Tinnitus can start after a head, neck, or ear injury, or after you begin

01:45:39to take certain medications. You can also hear ringing in your ears if you have some blood

01:45:43pressure issues. Elsewhere in the amazing human body, some of the bacteria living in your gut

01:45:50can produce electricity. Shocking! They give off electrons, and this creates tiny electrical

01:45:56currents. That's likely to be the bacteria's backup system, their way to generate energy.

01:46:03Humans are the only animals that have chins. Even our closest genetic relatives, gorillas and

01:46:08chimps, lack this small piece of bone that extends forward from the jaw. Their lower jaws

01:46:14slant down and back from their front teeth. Scientists still haven't figured out this

01:46:19mystery. The opinions about why people are made this way differ. Some researchers think

01:46:24chins help us chew our food. Others are sure they have something to do with speaking.

01:46:29A few of us think it's simply a special place to grow a goatee.

01:46:33Blinking keeps your eyes clean and moist. But that's not all. Every time you blink,

01:46:39you take a micro-nap. Researchers from Washington University have found out that

01:46:44blinking makes your attention sharper and works as a teeny recharge.

01:46:50Ever seen tiny dots traveling in squiggly lines, especially when you're looking at a bright blue

01:46:56sky? These dots are only visible for a second or so and might look like itty-bitty worms.

01:47:02Those are your white blood cells moving through the capillaries in front of the retina.

01:47:07That's the light-sensitive tissue at the back of your eyes. Curiously, most people don't even

01:47:12notice the dots unless asked to pay attention. The pineal gland in your brain handles the

01:47:18production of melatonin. That's the very hormone that regulates your sleep patterns.

01:47:24The gland looks like a pine nut, and that's how it got its name.

01:47:28The human brain is 73% water, and the same is true about the heart. That's why if your brain

01:47:35loses even 2% of liquid, you start to feel tired. It also makes your memory worse,

01:47:41shortens your attention span, and puts a dampener on your mood.

01:47:45By the way, your brain makes sure you don't drink too little or too much water. After you

01:47:51swallow some liquid, your mouth and throat start to fire signals to your brain, telling it to stop

01:47:57drinking. Otherwise, you'd be gulping down water for the entire 10-60 minutes it takes the liquid

01:48:02to get to your cells. Your eyes can see something for a mere 13 milliseconds, and your brain will

01:48:09already process this image. For comparison, the average blink lasts from 100 to 400 milliseconds.

01:48:17Even though the tongue isn't the strongest muscle in your body, it never gets tired. That's because

01:48:23of the way it's built. It's made up of 8 interwoven muscles. But unlike other muscles in your body,

01:48:29these aren't situated around a supporting bone. The tongue's structure is similar to an elephant's

01:48:35trunk or an octopus's tentacles. Your body emits visible light. That's

01:48:43why they call me sunny. You're the brightest at 4pm, and your glow is the least visible at 10am.

01:48:51Unfortunately, this glowing is a thousand times less intense than what your eyes can see.

01:48:56Sweat is mostly water mixed with proteins, sugars, ammonia, and a lot of other stuff. It even contains

01:49:03tiny amounts of trace metals, like copper, zinc, nickel, iron, and so on. What makes sweat taste

01:49:10salty is the sodium it contains. Plus, the more salt you eat, the saltier your sweat is. Your

01:49:16body's trying to get rid of the excess, and the fastest way is to sweat it out.

01:49:22In an adult, the blood makes up 7-8% of the total body weight. About 55% of your blood is liquid

01:49:29plasma. The rest is red and white blood cells and platelets. They form clots and prevent bleeding.

01:49:37You can't swallow and breathe at the same time. The food you swallow and the air you breathe

01:49:42go down the same part of your throat at first. Only a bit deeper, the passage splits into the

01:49:48esophagus for food and liquid, and trachea for air. When you swallow, your airway gets

01:49:54automatically closed off. This prevents you from accidentally inhaling food. But occasionally,

01:50:01it still happens. Your brain sometimes generates more than 48 thoughts in just one minute.

01:50:07That's almost 3,000 thoughts per hour and 69,000 per day!

01:50:13Fingernails grow faster on the dominant hand. If you use your right hand more, you'll have to trim

01:50:18nails on it more often. Fingernails also grow more quickly in the summer and during the day.

01:50:25You might keep in memory up to 10,000 different faces. Sure, it varies from person to person,

01:50:31and the average number is 5,000. It doesn't mean you can put a name to each of these faces.

01:50:36It's only about recognizing the features. You might try to hide the truth, but your nose

01:50:43will always give you away. When a person tells a lie, the temperature around their nose and in the

01:50:48inner corners of their eyes goes up. This phenomenon is known as the Pinocchio effect.

01:50:56Women have more taste buds on the surface of their tongues than men do.

01:51:00It's one of the reasons why 35% of ladies and only 15% of guys are supertasters. Those are

01:51:07people who feel flavors more strongly than others. Your teeth are the only part of your body that

01:51:14can't repair itself. But the enamel they're covered with is one of the toughest things

01:51:19in the human body. Your heartbeat often syncs with the music you're listening to.

01:51:24If a piece has a continuous increase in volume or tempo, like rock, it can make your heart rate

01:51:30faster. Some classic music lowers heart rate and blood pressure. This phenomenon affects everyone

01:51:36from professional musicians to amateurs and music lovers.

01:51:41There are 2 to 5 million sweat glands on your body. The sweat they produce is of two different

01:51:46kinds – stress sweat and regular sweat. Don't sweat the small stuff, huh? The sweat caused by

01:51:53stress has fatty acids and proteins in it. And the regular sweat is mostly made up of water,

01:51:59salt, and a tiny bit of other substances. It's actually possible to brush your teeth too

01:52:05thoroughly and hard. This can wear down the enamel and make your teeth super sensitive to cold and

01:52:11hot foods. If you walked in the same direction for 12 hours a day, you would need around 800

01:52:18days to travel around the globe. And don't forget your rubber boots for the ocean parts.

01:52:24If your stomach acid made contact with your skin, it would most likely eat a hole in it.

01:52:29All because of hydrochloric acid. This type of acid is incredibly potent. It can easily dissolve

01:52:36some metals, for example, magnesium or zinc. Hydrochloric acid is the main component of the

01:52:42gastric acid your stomach produces. It protects your immune system and gets rid of viruses and

01:52:48bacteria in the food you eat. This acid also helps your body break down, digest, and absorb

01:52:54all kinds of nutrients, including proteins. Your lips look red because there is a great

01:53:01concentration of miniature blood capillaries right below the skin. Your pinky is a powerful little

01:53:07thing. Without it, your hand would lose a significant part of its power. Your index and

01:53:13middle fingers cooperate with your thumb to grab and pinch. And your pinky, together with your ring

01:53:18finger, provides grip strength. The fattest organ in your body is your brain. Fat makes up at least

01:53:2760% of its dry weight. This quality got the brain to the Guinness World Records. The organ contains

01:53:34around 25% of your body's cholesterol, which is vital for the brain's well-being. So, is that

01:53:40where the term fat head comes from? Your skeletal cells never stop regenerating.

01:53:46That's why you get a new skeleton every 10 years or so. This process slows down with age,

01:53:53and the regeneration takes longer. That's one of the main reasons why bones become thinner.

01:53:59And there's a newly discovered type of brain cells crucial for visual search. They're called

01:54:04target cells. Without their help, you wouldn't be able to spot an acquaintance in a crowd

01:54:09or your dog in the park. Interestingly, target cells don't care what the thing you're searching

01:54:15for looks like. All they want to know is whether an object is your target or not. Hey, it's not picky!

01:54:24It's 6 a.m. and your first alarm goes off. You reach for it and hit the snooze button.

01:54:30Five minutes later, the flying alarm gets into your bedroom. Ten minutes later, you have two

01:54:35alarms as loud as sirens and your dog barking like crazy trying to wake you up. This is your

01:54:41typical morning, so you decide to train yourself to get by with less sleep. Some people say you

01:54:47can reduce sleep time by an hour or two every night and feel just as good. Sleep experts debunk

01:54:53this myth. An average person needs between 6 and 9 hours a night. You must already know your number.

01:55:00You can force yourself into earlier wake-ups and feel seemingly well at first, but your sleep debt

01:55:06will gradually build up. As a result, your brain won't be able to function to its fullest if you

01:55:11don't get your needed rest time. Your concentration level will drop, your reaction will become slower,

01:55:17and you'll feel confused and distressed. If you know you'll have to reduce the amount of sleep

01:55:22for a certain period of time, try banking sleep in advance. Experiments prove going to bed a couple

01:55:29of hours earlier than usual every night for a week could help you suffer less once you have to

01:55:34sleep less. Don't make a habit out of it, though. Sleeping in on every weekend won't compensate for

01:55:40your sleep deprivation during the week. The 10-3-2-1-0 technique works miracles.

01:55:47The idea is to stop taking caffeine in any form 10 hours before bed, then no food at all 3 hours

01:55:54before bed. You must stop working to take your mind off things 2 hours before sleep. No more

01:56:00screen time 1 hour before bed. That includes your phone, TV, and computer. The blue light emitted

01:56:07by them all disrupts your sleep. Finally, the zero in the formula stands for the number of times

01:56:12you'll hit the snooze button in the morning. Experts confirm this technique can definitely

01:56:17work and help you sleep well and wake up energized the next morning.

01:56:21Rub the on-me-on spot 1-200 times to fall asleep in no time. That little spot is between your

01:56:29earlobe and the hairline that comes up the back of your neck. Videos of people rubbing it with

01:56:34their thumb or forefinger have gone viral. They say it helps to relax the nervous system. Sleep

01:56:39experts debunk this myth as sleep is about your brain and hormones and not about massaging

01:56:45yourself. One way the rubbing could work out is exhausting you so much you'd fall asleep eventually.

01:56:51Sleeping positions don't matter. Definitely a myth. The way your spinal column is aligned and

01:56:57your head is supported means a lot. A bad position can cause neck or back pain or make breathing

01:57:03uncomfortable. You most likely sleep in one of three positions. The majority of people are side

01:57:09sleepers. This lateral position is pretty good for you, especially if you prefer the left side.

01:57:15Try not to curl up, though. It may prevent you from breathing deeply.

01:57:20Sleeping on your back is called the supine position. No matter if you sleep with your

01:57:24arms down and close to the body, or like a starfish with your arms up over your head,

01:57:29it could make your low back pain worse and take your snoring to the next level.

01:57:34This position is good for your neck, though. If you prefer to sleep on your stomach,

01:57:39it's the prone position. It can help ease snoring but doesn't put your neck and spine

01:57:44in a neutral position and puts pressure on your nerves. Put your socks on to fall asleep faster.

01:57:51Now, a bad idea. It won't send you to dreamland instantly, but it can be one of the clues for

01:57:56your brain it's time for. Wearing socks promotes blood circulation to your feet. The vessels widen

01:58:03and can get rid of heat much faster. This drops down your core body temperature faster than usual,

01:58:08and that's what you need for a good, healthy sleep. If you don't want to go to bed with your

01:58:13socks on, at least let some cool fresh air in. Your body knows it's bedtime when its temperature

01:58:19drops and it gets the signal it needs some good rest. The process will be much slower in a room

01:58:25that's too warm. Cooler bedroom air also improves your sleep quality, and you won't wake up in the

01:58:31middle of the night drenched in sweat. It also stimulates melatonin production. When you have

01:58:37enough of it and serotonin in your brain, you'll wake up rested and happier the next day.

01:58:43Immersing your face in cold water for 30 seconds is another express way to slow down your heart

01:58:48rate and narrow the blood vessels. It sends your body into a relaxed hibernation mode.

01:58:54Squeeze your muscles, and you'll doze off in no time. Progressive muscle relaxation really works.

01:59:00Your muscles have been working all day, and they also need to unwind, just like your mind.

01:59:06You can go from your head down to your toes, or in the opposite direction.

01:59:10Start with a deep breath, then tense your toes. Hold them for 5 seconds, and then relax them for

01:59:1630 seconds. Move to your calves and thighs, and do the same. Contract and relax. Continue to your

01:59:24abs and the backside. Move up to your hands, then arms and shoulders. Don't rush, go muscle by

01:59:31muscle and focus your mind on what you're doing. No external thoughts allowed. Finally, work your

01:59:37chest, neck, and don't forget about your face. Tighten your jaws, and then relax them.

01:59:43If you're feeling lazy to do all that, at least work out your toes as you lie in bed.

01:59:49Curling and uncurling them for a while is a great way to release the tension from your entire body.

01:59:54It's so repetitive, your body is slowly moving into sleep mode.

01:59:59The sound of frying bacon can make you sleepy. Science has it that the comforting and repetitive

02:00:05sound of bacon sends some chilling vibes to your brain. It's perfect for falling asleep,

02:00:11and as white noise while you're working and need to focus on something. You don't have to

02:00:15fry bacon before bed. Listening to a recording of it will do. Speaking of bacon, certain foods can

02:00:22also help you drift off. The secret is to have brinner – breakfast for dinner. Bananas help

02:00:28your muscles relax, thanks to potassium. Eggs are rich in protein that promotes healthy sleep.

02:00:34Almonds slow down your heart rate a bit. Oats and honey send the right amount of melatonin to

02:00:40your brain. Chicken or turkey has tryptophan in it, which boosts the production of relaxing mood

02:00:45hormones. Yogurt and other dairy products like milk have the same effect. Foods you should avoid

02:00:52before going to sleep, unless you want to be awake all night, are cheese, fatty foods, all things

02:00:58spicy, and, of course, coffee. A long daytime nap is great for you. Naps are fine, but you better

02:01:05keep them under one hour and enjoy them before 2-3 pm. If you nap for longer, you'll likely fall

02:01:12into the deep stages of sleep. You'll wake up with a groggy feeling and not refreshed at all.

02:01:17You'll also likely sleep off some of the sleep debt you have from the morning.

02:01:21It means you could have trouble falling asleep at night. To get the most productive nap,

02:01:27set an alarm to limit your nap to 10-20 minutes. Nap around the halfway point between your wake-up

02:01:33and the time you want to go to bed. Find a dark, cool, and quiet place. Don't think about your work

02:01:39tasks or problems. Focus on what you're going to get from this nap. You gotta stay awake all night

02:01:45to cure a jet lag. This is a popular myth, as depriving yourself of sleep won't help you adjust

02:01:51to the new time zone. There is no cure for jet lag, but you could try spending as much time

02:01:57outside as you can. Natural light should help you feel better and get some sound sleep.

02:02:03You can start preparing yourself for your future trip ahead of time. If you're traveling east,

02:02:08say from New York to London with a 5-hour time difference, start shifting your schedule 4-5

02:02:14days before the trip by one hour. So, by the time you get there, you'll be used to local time.

02:02:20When it's time to go back home, the same tips will work. You can also start preparing yourself

02:02:25and adjusting your bedtime in advance. Hey, I wanna go to London. Or New York. Either one.

02:02:34Oceans cover 70% of the Earth. On average, the ocean is 8 Empire State Buildings deep,

02:02:40and less than 5% of its mysterious depths have been explored. It's even possible to find lakes

02:02:45and rivers beneath the ocean. They're denser than the rest of the water surrounding them,

02:02:49so you can clearly see the difference. When the coral is in shallow waters, intense sunlight can

02:02:55damage the algae living inside it. To protect the algae, the coral produces some proteins that act

02:03:00as some kind of sunscreen for it, so they really don't need to spend money on it. Okay, most of

02:03:06the ocean may not be explored, but what we do know is about 20 million tons of gold is dispersed

02:03:12through its dark waters. It's concentrated in really small amounts, which is why it doesn't

02:03:17pay off to mine it. If we could take it out, every person on the planet would get 9 pounds of gold.

02:03:23When sharks need their morning joe, they go to a cafe too. Back in 2002, researchers found an

02:03:30area in the Pacific Ocean called the White Shark Cafe, where great white sharks come during the

02:03:35winter. They simply hang out, tell jokes, and laugh at stories of how many humans they've scared,

02:03:40and then go back to the coast to scare us a little bit more when the weather gets warmer.

02:03:44Hey, have you had a great white latte? Try one! The widest point of the Pacific Ocean goes from

02:03:50Indonesia to Colombia, and at that part it's 12,300 miles across, over 5 times wider than the

02:03:56diameter of the Moon. We might imagine oceans are cold, especially in depths where the temperature

02:04:02is only 40 degrees Fahrenheit. But there's an exception. Water that comes out of hydrothermal

02:04:07vents in the seafloor has a temperature of up to 750 degrees. Humans are the only animals whose

02:04:14brain gets smaller. Yep, as we get older, it tends to shrink. It can do so even because of

02:04:20isolation and loneliness. Other animals, even some of our distant cousins from another side

02:04:25of the family tree, like monkeys and chimpanzees, have no problem with that. I'm guessing television

02:04:31is the probable cause. Our eardrums have nothing to do with the sense of sight, but they still move

02:04:36when we move our eyes. In the average lifetime, our heart beats over 2.5 billion times. I've

02:04:43counted. Our nose can detect over 1 trillion smells, and our lips are hundreds of times more

02:04:49sensitive than the tips of our fingers. Two of our body parts never stop growing – your nose and your

02:04:55ears. Cockroaches are tough. They can survive harsh conditions and have been around since

02:05:01dinosaurs ruled our planet. But the termite queen beats all that with a lifespan of 50 years.

02:05:07That's the longest any insect can live. Regular termites live only 1-2 years.

02:05:13It's not the water camels store in their humps, but fat. They store water in their bloodstream.

02:05:19Bees can fly really high – more than 29,500 feet, which is even higher than Mount Everest,

02:05:25the tallest mountain on our planet. Sloths are able to hold their breath longer than dolphins.

02:05:30Yep, they slow their heart rates, and they can stay that way for almost 40 minutes.

02:05:35Dolphins have to come to the surface to catch some air every 10 minutes.

02:05:39The Moon has volcanoes, and scientists believe these might've been active around 100 million

02:05:44years ago, when dinosaurs still ruled our planet. Wow, the view must've been magnificent!

02:05:50There are watermelons the size of a grape. Cucamelons, if you prefer, mouse melons,

02:05:56actually look like really small watermelons, but at the same time, have a citrus flavor.

02:06:02Not just mouse melons, there's also the kangaroo mouse. This animal doesn't feel the need to drink

02:06:07water. It lives in the Nevada desert, and since its habitat is really dry, it simply learned to

02:06:13quench its thirst through seeds it likes to eat. You may think parking is expensive in the area

02:06:18where you live, but it's probably cheaper than a spot you'd pay in Hong Kong. Just a 135-square-foot

02:06:25spot placed in front of the Centre, which is the 5th tallest building in the city,

02:06:29was purchased for almost a million bucks. I'll take a bus ticket, please.

02:06:34Speaking of expensive, and I was, the world's priciest hot dog is $169,

02:06:40and you can try it out in Seattle, Washington. I don't have the money,

02:06:44but I am a little intrigued, must admit. An Australian barista set a world record

02:06:50for the most cappuccinos made in one hour – 420 of them! That's really a java jive!

02:06:57You can taste garlic with your feet. Rub a clove right in your feet, of course take the socks off

02:07:02beforehand, and wait for it. The chemical responsible for its unique smell can be

02:07:07absorbed through the skin even though the clove was never in your mouth. By the way,

02:07:12lobsters can try out the same experiment. Well, they actually taste any food with their feet.

02:07:18Okay, researchers have found many things that are evidence of prehistoric animals,

02:07:22or our human ancestors, that lived thousands of years ago, like bones, teeth, stone tools,

02:07:28and a piece of chewing gum, dating from almost 10,000 years ago.

02:07:33In Tibet, there are black diamond apples that aren't green or red, but dark purple. The place

02:07:39where they grow has plenty of ultraviolet light over the day, while the temperatures drastically

02:07:43go down during the night, which makes the apple skin get a darker color.

02:07:48Australia has a lake of naturally bubblegum pink color. The unusual color is there because of the

02:07:53pigment from a certain type of algae living there. Clouds look so fluffy like they're made

02:07:59of giant puffs of cotton, but the average one weighs around 1.1 million pounds. So please,

02:08:05stay up there! A farmer from Iowa got hiccups that didn't

02:08:09stop for the next 68 years. First hiccuping was about 40 times a minute, and after a while,

02:08:1520 times. He actually spent 70% of his life hiccuping. A million seconds is somewhere around

02:08:2212 days, and a billion seconds is almost 32 years. Nothing unusual here, just a little bit of good

02:08:29old math that reminds us how cool the time is. Okay, sharks may be scarier than humans,

02:08:35but our teeth are just as strong as theirs, just smaller.

02:08:40Until the beginning of the 19th century, Americans actually thought tomatoes were poisonous.

02:08:45So many tasty meals they missed believing that. Yep, farmers discovered not just people have

02:08:50regional accents, but cows also have different moos, according to the area where they live.

02:08:56Hey, do cows get moody? Giraffes have a tongue that's up to 20 inches long.

02:09:02Ice cream, maybe? Actually, they can bend trees with their tongues.

02:09:07There's a specific type of jellyfish that's actually immortal. Hey, I can see that as a

02:09:12logo for a life insurance company! The Earth is orbiting the Sun,

02:09:16but not at a fixed speed rate. We don't sense it, but it's slowing as time goes by,

02:09:22so our day will become 25 hours long in about 175 million years. So don't plan that extra hour in

02:09:29your schedule just yet. Space is huge, duh. But there's obviously lots of empty spots since there

02:09:36are more trees — 3 trillion — on our planet than stars in the Milky Way — only about 300-400 billion.

02:09:45When someone mentions the biggest desert, you probably picture the endless sandy surface of

02:09:49the Sahara, burning under the hot Sun. Well, not quite. The biggest desert is the Antarctic Polar

02:09:55Desert, which covers over 5.5 million square miles in Buffalo. Nah, Antarctica. Sounds strange

02:10:03at first, but the definition says a desert is a place that gets less than 10 inches of precipitation

02:10:08annually. Still, it doesn't say if it has to be high. Ostriches don't actually hide their heads

02:10:14in the sand. When they sense danger, they lower down their head, neck, and body to the ground,

02:10:19which makes them a little bit less visible to predators. Their light-colored neck blends in

02:10:24with the sand, so it only looks like their head is hidden down there.

02:10:29The first commercial passenger flight happened at the beginning of the 20th century.

02:10:34It was a 23-minute flight that cost $400, which is about $8,500 a day. And the plane flew between

02:10:41two cities in Florida. A famous Egyptian ruler, Cleopatra, lived closer to cell phones than to

02:10:48the time when the Great Pyramids of Egypt were completed. Well, that's a gap. Speaking of cell

02:10:54phones, every two minutes there are more photos taken than in the entire 19th century. Okay,

02:11:01let's add one more to those statistics. Cheese! So, you have a sixth sense. It tells you where

02:11:10the various parts of your body are in space. Thanks to it, you can walk up a flight of stairs

02:11:16or touch your nose even with your eyes closed. Your vocal cords only produce a buzzing noise.

02:11:21Your nose, mouth, and throat determine what your voice will sound like. If you have a deep voice,

02:11:26your vocal cords are thicker, and your cavities are larger than average, letting the sound resonate.

02:11:32By the time you wake up, you'll have forgotten 50% of your latest dream. After 10 minutes,

02:11:38you won't remember 90% of it. When you blush, your stomach lining goes red along with your face.

02:11:44It happens because your sympathetic nervous system is causing an increased blood flow

02:11:48throughout the body. Your hair follicles have the same receptors as your nasal passages. That's why

02:11:54your hair can detect scents too. Sandalwood can help you develop that superpower. Out of 5 million

02:12:00hair follicles on your body, only 100,000 are indeed on your head. An average human will have

02:12:07eaten 35 tons of food over a lifetime. That's like 3 school buses. No matter how hard you'll try,

02:12:14you'll never be able to tickle yourself. It's because your brain prepares the body for tickling

02:12:19and helps you avoid the typical laughing reaction. One human hair is so strong,

02:12:26it can hold up to 3.5 ounces. If only the scalp were that strong as well,

02:12:31you'd be able to hold the weight of 2 elephants with your hair.

02:12:35Your eye has 256 unique characteristics, and your fingers – just 40 of them. That's why

02:12:41retinal scanning is more reliable than fingerprint scanning. 50% of your hand strength is in your

02:12:47little finger alone, yet the thumb is the most important finger. You wouldn't be able to grip

02:12:51without it. If you stretch out your arms to the sides, the distance from the middle fingertip

02:12:57of the left hand to that of the right hand is equal to your height. An average human produces

02:13:02enough saliva to fill two swimming pools over a lifetime. Hey, dive in! Your spine has a great

02:13:09memory. It remembers your posture, making it so difficult to change it for the better.

02:13:14You owe goosebumps to your ancestors for many, many, many years ago. Their hair used to stand

02:13:20up to make them look bigger and scarier to foes. Cats hiss and arch their backs for the same reason.

02:13:26Your left lung is a little smaller than your right lung to make some room for the heart.

02:13:31The right lung has three lobes, and the left one just two. Both of them are protected by your rib

02:13:36cage. Next time you get the hiccups, try bending over in a chair. Drinking from the far side of

02:13:42the glass also helps get rid of them. You can easily survive without your appendix, stomach,

02:13:47one kidney, or one lung. Nice to know we have spare parts! A human eyebrow lives for about 4

02:13:54months. After that, you get new ones. You, along with other humans, have the superpower of glowing

02:14:00in the dark, especially in the late afternoon. Your face has the strongest glow. Still, it's too

02:14:06dim for your eyes to pick it up unaided. The beating sound of your heart is, in fact,

02:14:11the clap of the valves inside opening and closing. The lyrics for that are,

02:14:16lub-dub, lub-dub. You can't breathe and swallow at the same time. While you're breathing,

02:14:21the pipe leading to your stomach shuts down. When you're swallowing, the gateway to your lungs

02:14:26temporarily closes. Under 1% of all people are born with their hearts on the right side of the

02:14:32chest and not the left one. You blink 15 to 20 times per minute or 30,000 times a day. Your eyes

02:14:40have the fastest muscles in your entire body. They slow down to 5 blinks per minute when you're

02:14:44looking at a computer screen. Your eyes owe their color to a pigment called melanin. People with

02:14:50brown eyes have more melanin than green-eyed individuals. If you have blue eyes, it means

02:14:55the eye tissue is completely colorless. Your eyes get colored just like water in the sky do.

02:15:00They scatter light and reflect blue light back. The first known person with blue eyes was born

02:15:05in the Stone Age, around 7,000 years ago. I wasn't around then.

02:15:09There are about 3 million sweat glands in your entire body. Many of them are on the soles of

02:15:14your feet and on your palms, forehead, armpits, and cheeks. With every sneeze,

02:15:19the air is traveling out of your nose at a speed of 100 mph.

02:15:24There's no wax in your earwax. It's made of fat, skin cells, sweat, and dirt. Yum!

02:15:30Before you try to get rid of it, remember it protects the ear from bacteria, dirt, and dryness.

02:15:35Stress and fear boost its production. If someone made a camera out of the human eye,

02:15:41it would have a resolution of 576 megapixels. Your brain can hold up to 25 million gigabytes

02:15:48of data. Not my brain. You swallow every minute while you're awake and 3 times per hour when you

02:15:54sleep. That sums up to 600 swallows per day. Gulp. If you're left-handed, you most likely

02:16:00chew on the left side, and if you're right-handed, on the right side. Your fingerprints will always

02:16:05find a way to grow back their unique pattern, no matter how bad you damage them.

02:16:10Every human has a unique pattern of ridges and furrows in their ears. They also sound different,

02:16:16thanks to microscopic hair cells in your inner ears. You'd need a powerful microphone to pick

02:16:21up the noise they produce. The way you walk is your unique feature. Machines can easily

02:16:26distinguish your individual tiny ticks, bounces, and ways of swinging your legs you use with every

02:16:31step. Your sense of smell helps you taste 80% of the flavor of any food. That's why it seems

02:16:38so dull when you hold your nose or have a snack while traveling by airplane that makes your sense

02:16:43of smell weaker. Women are better at remembering faces and tasks for the future, but easily forget

02:16:49what has been done. It's the opposite for men. Your eyes can change color as you age, or even

02:16:55depending on your mood or dieting habits. 300 billion new cells are born in your body every

02:17:02day. Now that's recycling! Your fingers don't have a single muscle in them. Their joints move

02:17:07thanks to the muscles in the palm and the forearm. Your fingernails grow faster than your toenails.

02:17:13That's because you use them more actively, and they get more sunlight and air. Your eyes send

02:17:19a 2D upside-down image of the world to your brain. It quickly corrects it and turns it into a 3D

02:17:25right-side-up image that it's used to. There's more nerve cells and connections in your brain

02:17:30than there are stars in the Milky Way. If you decided to count them all, it would take you

02:17:343,000 years. To make it easier for you, you have around 100 billion neurons in there.

02:17:41The space between your eyebrows is officially called glabella.

02:17:44You're taller in the morning than in the evening. Gravity makes the cartilage around your bones

02:17:49compress over the day, making you shorter by the time you go to bed. In case you're right-handed,

02:17:55your fingernails on the right hand grow faster than your left one. That's because you use this

02:17:59hand more often and are more likely to damage it somehow. Your body's trying to protect it

02:18:04and sends more blood and nutrients its way. If you walk a healthy amount of steps every day,

02:18:10you'll have covered 100,000 miles by the time you're 80. It's like circling the equator four

02:18:15times. The largest muscle in your body is the gluteus maximus at the back of the hip,

02:18:21and you're sitting on it. But never mind. The tiniest muscle in your body is in the

02:18:26middle of your ear. Its main purpose is to stabilize the stapes, the tiniest bone in your

02:18:32body. It takes care of transmitting sound waves to your inner ear. You spend about 5 years of

02:18:38your lifetime eating, and one-third of your life sleeping. An average adult weighing 150 pounds

02:18:44has a skeleton weighing about 21 pounds, so I guess the remainder is meat and stuff.

02:18:50Your heart beats over 2.5 billion times over your lifetime. Your skin thickness is different

02:18:56throughout the body. You have the thickest skin on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet,

02:19:01and the thinnest is on your eyelids. It takes your skin cells 28-30 days to completely renew

02:19:07themselves. Even if you only have less than half of your liver left, it can still regenerate to

02:19:12its original size. Your taste buds only live for 10-14 days, then they renew. Then what,

02:19:19everything tastes fresh? Even when you're resting, your brain uses more than 20% of your body's

02:19:25energy to keep it going. The brain's main function of processing and transmitting data

02:19:30is really pricey when it comes to energy costs. Your big toe bears 40% of your body's weight.

02:19:36Without it, running and walking would be slower, shorter, and less efficient.

02:19:41Thanks to zero gravity, your discs in between each vertebra expand when you're in space.

02:19:46That's why you can grow up to 2 inches taller. An average adult body is home to 7 octillion atoms.

02:19:53That's 7 billion billion, or 7 followed by 27 zeros. Do the math.

02:20:00A caterpillar has more muscles than you do. It's 4,400 vs. 650.

02:20:06Your peripheral vision is almost completely black and white. It's because you have more

02:20:11color-detecting cones in the center of your retina than at the sides.

02:20:15An average adult human body has enough fat in its cells to produce 7 bars of soap.

02:20:21Your sweat itself doesn't smell like anything. The bacteria living on your skin mix with it

02:20:26and give it that notorious smell. You get red eyes in photos because when

02:20:30the camera flash goes off, your pupils don't have enough time to constrict.

02:20:34A large burst of light reaches your retina, and it bounces back.

02:20:39Your legs feel lead-heavy when you're afraid because of the adrenaline that gets in your

02:20:43system. It turns on the fight-or-flight reaction. Your body sends blood flow to

02:20:48your most needed areas to let you take action and protect yourself.

02:20:52Women can distinguish more colors than men because they have two X chromosomes,

02:20:57and men only have one. Even if something is wrong with one of the chromosomes,

02:21:01a woman can still see colors correctly. That's why women are rarely colorblind.

02:21:07No matter how slim or plump you are, you have the same exact amount of fat cells as everyone else.

02:21:13When you work out and diet, they don't go anywhere but shrink in size and can grow back again.

02:21:19All muscles in your body are connected to bones at two ends to be able to pull and create motion.

02:21:24The only exception is your tongue. It's connected to a part of your neck on one side

02:21:29and is free on the other side, so you can make funny sounds.

02:21:34The weird-looking flies you see right in front of your eyes every now and then are eye floaters.

02:21:39You see them because of tiny structural imperfections in one particular part of the

02:21:43eye that get in the way of light. They get worse with age. Oh goody.

02:21:48An average woman speaks about 20,000 words a day, while an average man only speaks 7,000 words.

02:21:54That's because the brain region responsible for language skills and social interactions

02:21:59is larger in females. Your hands and feet alone would look rather creepy.

02:22:04They also contain more than half of the bones in your entire body. Each hand has 27 bones,

02:22:09and each foot has 26. Your thumbs have their own pulse,

02:22:13because there are big arteries inside them. That's why you can't feel your pulse in the

02:22:18neck with your thumb. You spend 10% of the time when you're awake with your eyelids closed.

02:22:23It's all those times you're blinking. Humans are capable of using echolocation,

02:22:28like bats and dolphins. With some training, you can find your way in complete darkness,

02:22:33analyzing the surroundings by sounds bouncing off objects. Oh, need to practice that!

02:22:40On average, it takes 7 minutes to fall asleep. There are some techniques to speed up that

02:22:45process to 120 seconds, though. You can physically see your nose,

02:22:50but the brain chooses to ignore it. Otherwise, it would stand in the way of your vision.

02:22:54Plus, it would be out of focus. Around 12% of people can't dream in color.

02:23:00There used to be more of them before color TV had been invented.

02:23:03All your muscles relax at the same time right after you've fallen asleep. Your brain thinks

02:23:08you're about to fall and sends quick signals to all of your muscles to awaken them. That's why

02:23:13it sometimes feels like you're literally falling. You've inherited fingers that get wrinkly from

02:23:19water from your ancestors. It gave them the grip they needed to survive in rainy weather.

02:23:24Your toes get wrinkly too, to let you stand on a wet surface safely.

02:23:29Many centuries ago, people used their wisdom teeth to chew through tough plants and roots.

02:23:34As their brains grew bigger, leaving less space in the mouth,

02:23:37these teeth became the extra ones. Now you can just cook your food and survive without them.

02:23:43Every day, an average woman unknowingly puts on about 515 chemicals on her body.

02:23:49They come from deodorants, shampoos, conditioners, moisturizers, and other beauty products.

02:23:54Most of them are harmless. You can't sneeze when you're sleeping because the nerve cells

02:24:00in your nose that activate sneezing are sleeping too. You can't sense smells in your sleep either.

02:24:06An average person has around 250 hairs per eyebrow. But some lucky fellows have a total

02:24:11of 1,100 hairs. They keep raindrops and sweat from getting in your eyes.

02:24:16Your skeleton completely renews itself every 10 years or so. The process never stops but slows

02:24:22down with age. That's why your bones become thinner. An adult takes 12 to 16 breaths per

02:24:29minute. It adds up to a total of 17,000 to 23,000 breaths daily. If you stretch your entire network

02:24:36of blood vessels, its length would be enough to circle the Earth twice. That's over 60,000 miles.

02:24:42And you would be very sore if you did that. Women have more taste buds on their tongues

02:24:47than men. 35% of women are super tasters and have more than 30 taste buds in the space the

02:24:53size of a hole punch on their tongue. That's an interesting comparison. Sugar is sweeter,

02:24:58and sodium is saltier to them. Blondes have the biggest number of hair follicles – around 146,000.

02:25:06Second place belongs to black-haired people. They have 110,000 follicles.

02:25:11If you have brown hair, there are around 100,000 hair follicles on your head.

02:25:15With an average of 86,000 follicles, redheads have the least dense hair.

02:25:21As you age, your feet might get bigger. But it doesn't mean your bones are growing.

02:25:25It happens due to weight gain and loose ligaments that make your feet flatter and wider over time.

02:25:31When you have that stomach-in-your-throat feeling on a roller coaster, some of your organs are

02:25:36really shifting. It happens to your intestines and stomach, which are connected rather loosely

02:25:41and is harmless. It says here. Your teeth have enamel on the outside that makes them just as

02:25:47strong as a shark's. They aren't as sharp, though. Your hair can stretch about 30% of its length

02:25:53when wet. Your brain constantly needs oxygen and uses 20% of its reserves in your body.

02:26:00When you're trying to solve some problem, it can even use more oxygen – up to 50%.

02:26:05If you decided to smooth out all the wrinkles in your brain,

02:26:08it'd be a flat surface the size of a pillowcase. As you're listening to music,

02:26:13your heartbeat syncs with the rhythm. Faster tempos make it beat faster.

02:26:18Your diaphragm sometimes twitches, which makes you suddenly intake more air.

02:26:22Your throat closes and interrupts the intake. This is how hiccups work.

02:26:27Unlike what every space movie tells you, you won't instantly freeze if you got into open space

02:26:32without a suit. Space vacuum is a great insulator, so you would retain your heat for some time.

02:26:38Just don't make a habit of it. The atoms in your body are billions of years old.

02:26:43Nearly all of them were made in a star, and many have come through several supernovas.

02:26:47It makes you a big chunk of stardust. Scientists still don't know why humans yawn.

02:26:54The most popular theory says it happens to cool down your brain and regulate body temperature.

02:26:59Humans are the only animals that have chins. Even chimpanzees and gorillas have lower jaws

02:27:05that slope down and back from their front teeth. When you're breathing, most of the air

02:27:09is going through one of the nostrils. After a few hours, it starts going through the other,

02:27:14and they keep switching like that. Your nose can pick up about 1 trillion smells

02:27:19with 400 different types of scent receptors. The sound you hear while cracking knuckles

02:27:25are gas bubbles bursting in your joints. Ooh, more fun body sounds!

02:27:30You burn calories when you're just breathing, watching TV, and even sleeping.

02:27:35By the time you turn 60, you will have lost almost half of your taste buds.

02:27:39That's why most elderly people don't notice the unusual or bitter taste.

02:27:44It only takes you 0.05 seconds to recognize a sound. That's 10 times faster than blinking.

02:27:51It's virtually impossible to destroy a human ear. Water, cold, and corrosion can do nothing to it.

02:27:56The only way to go is to set it on fire. Nah, don't do that.

02:28:01Around 1% of people are missing a special lens in the eye and can see ultraviolet.

02:28:06Famous Impressionist painter Claude Monet belonged to that 1%.

02:28:11When you sleep in a new place, half of your brain stays awake. Thanks to that,

02:28:15you'll be able to quickly get up if you have to protect yourself from something or someone.

02:28:20The way your sneeze sounds depends on your nose size. The larger the nose,

02:28:25bigger the sneeze because more air can go in and out.

02:28:28All the strangers from your dreams are real people you've met at some point in real life.

02:28:33You just didn't remember them. Unlike other cells, neurons can't replace themselves.

02:28:39If you type 60 words per minute for 8 hours a day,

02:28:42it would take you 50 years to type the human genome. That sounds like a big waste of time.

02:28:48There's a name for the dip between your upper lip and nose. It's philtrum.

02:28:53Some people can navigate using the magnetic field of the planet,

02:28:56just like birds. Me? Nah, I can barely use my GPS.

02:29:02There are sharks that glow in the dark. For example,

02:29:05swell sharks. They live in the dark ocean depths, almost 1,700 feet under the surface.

02:29:12No one knows why exactly, but they emit a fluorescent glow only other swell sharks can see.

02:29:18Scientists detected the glow because they used filters that blocked out yellow light.

02:29:23They think that could be the way for these big fish to communicate with their buddies.

02:29:28This glow helps sharks fight infections on a microbial level.

02:29:33Cowbirds have secret passwords they use to recognize each other.

02:29:37They're a specific type of parasite bird since they lay their eggs in other bird species' nests.

02:29:43The young cowbirds have an inner mechanism where they recognize their species singing,

02:29:48like some sort of secret password only they know.

02:29:51That's how they manage to find others of their kind.

02:29:54A grizzly bear has an incredibly strong bite. It may look cute, but if you're close to this big guy,

02:30:00you better stay out of reach of its sharp claws and especially its mouth.

02:30:05Its bite force is more than 8 million pascals, which means it can crush a bowling ball.

02:30:12Some animals have skin-deep stripes and others have more superficial ones.

02:30:17Tigers are in the first group. Not only is their fur striped, but their skin is as well.

02:30:22It's the same with some other furry big cats, like snow leopards.

02:30:26Giraffes and zebras are in the second group since they have patterns only on their coats.

02:30:32Speaking of zebras, do you think they're black with white stripes or white with black stripes?

02:30:39At first, it really looks like the second option is correct.

02:30:42Their black stripes mostly end towards the inside of their legs and on their bellies,

02:30:47and the rest of it is white. But that's not true. Surprisingly, they're black with white stripes.

02:30:53All of their fur, both white and black, grows from follicles that have something called

02:30:58melanocyte cells. All animals have these cells.

02:31:02They produce a pigment called melanin, and it gives color to their hair and skin.

02:31:08When it comes to zebras, chemical messengers tell which melanocytes

02:31:12send pigment to which area of fur. That's why zebras have a black and white pattern.

02:31:17But white is not actually its own pigment. It's an absence of melanin.

02:31:23So black is their default color.

02:31:26Koalas have fingerprints that are so close to ours that they could even taint crime scenes.

02:31:31It doesn't seem like they have a lot in common with humans, but take a closer look at their hands.

02:31:37They have distinctive loops and arches. So if any koalas want to do something illegal,

02:31:43it would be a good idea for them to wear gloves.

02:31:46Ghost crabs growl when they're around creatures they don't like or find threatening.

02:31:51They do it using teeth in their stomachs. First, they'll let you know they'll defend

02:31:56themselves if you try anything by showing you their claws.

02:32:00If that doesn't work, they'll go for fearsome growling noises like dogs.

02:32:04But the noise is coming from rubbing their three elongated hard teeth inside their stomach.

02:32:10Ghost crabs produce the same noise when they're grinding up food.

02:32:15Speaking of teeth, did you know narwhal tusks are actually some sort of an inside-out tooth?

02:32:21Unlike the majority of other whales, narwhals are the ones that come with a large tusk

02:32:26or tooth that grows from the inside of their jaw. It has up to 10 million nerve endings.

02:32:32And they're unprotected, which means its tusk is very sensitive to any type of contact.

02:32:38It's almost like a piece of skin because tusks usually don't have many nerve endings.

02:32:43Up to 95% of humans are right-handed, and it's the same with bottlenose dolphins.

02:32:49There are even more right-handed ones among them than among humans.

02:32:54During one study, scientists found that bottlenose dolphins turn to their left

02:32:58side over 99% of the time, which means they're right-handed.

02:33:03They place their right side and right eye closer to the ocean floor as they go for prey,

02:33:09such as squids, shrimps, or smaller fish.

02:33:12More cool facts from the ocean. Did you know humpback whales use bubbles when they go after

02:33:17their prey? You might think they don't need any special method considering how large they are.

02:33:22But when they're lurking for prey in the open waters,

02:33:25these whales team up and use something called a bubble net technique.

02:33:30While swimming in an upward spiral, they blow bubbles underwater.

02:33:34These bubbles make it difficult for fish to escape.

02:33:38The oldest evidence we have of domesticated cats dates up to 12,000 years ago.

02:33:44Researchers discovered this almost 20 years ago when they were digging through

02:33:48an ancient village in Cyprus. They found cat bones right next to human ones,

02:33:54which suggested they were close even when their lives came to an end.

02:33:58Humans were hunters, so they domesticated dogs first, somewhere up to 29,000 years ago.

02:34:05Dogs helped them catch other animals, but they didn't think they needed cats until

02:34:09they started to settle down and store surplus crops.

02:34:12Mice became frequent guests in grain stores, so cats came in handy in those times.

02:34:18Puffins are quite innovative when they want to scratch their bodies.

02:34:22They can surely be proud of their stunning beaks,

02:34:24but they obviously think it's not enough for scratching.

02:34:28Researchers noticed they tend to spontaneously take a small wooden stick to scratch an itchy spot.

02:34:35There's a special type of ant that only lives in a small part of Manhattan.

02:34:40The Broadway Medians at the 63rd and 76th Street

02:34:44is the area these crawling critters decided was the best spot for them.

02:34:48The Manhattan ant looks like it's from Europe, but no European species can actually match it.

02:34:55Hey, Potterheads, can you believe there's a thing like chocolate frog?

02:34:58Well, not quite, but it looks like it.

02:35:01New Guinea and Australia weren't always separated.

02:35:04They spent millions of years together until about 12,000 years ago.

02:35:08Rising sea levels divided them.

02:35:11Since they were together for so long, some animals and plants still inhabit both areas,

02:35:16including green tree frogs.

02:35:18These frogs have spread really far and wide,

02:35:21and some of them, who live in hot, swampy regions surrounded by plenty of crocodiles,

02:35:26actually look like they're made of chocolate.

02:35:29We all know flamingos for their specific color, but they're not actually pink.

02:35:34They're born gray, and that's how they would stay

02:35:37if it weren't for their diet of blue-green algae and shrimp.

02:35:41These foods have a specific natural dye,

02:35:44which is why flamingo feathers turn pink over time.

02:35:48These little Tasmanian devils grow up and leave their moms.

02:35:51They socialize together, forming bonds that last for the rest of their lives.

02:35:56Not only them, cows also have stronger social ties than we think.

02:36:00They like to socialize, and they make long-lasting friendships.

02:36:04One research even discovered their heart rates significantly

02:36:07increase as a sign of stress when they're separated from their BFFs.

02:36:12Imagine you could simply freeze yourself solid during the cold winter days

02:36:16instead of listening to your teeth chatter and trying to tighten your jacket.

02:36:20That's what frogs can do.

02:36:22Aquatic frogs mostly hibernate underwater

02:36:24and spend most of the winter at the bottom of a pond, lake, or some other body of water.

02:36:31Toads and frogs are generally cold-blooded,

02:36:34which means the temperature of their body takes on the temperature of their surroundings.

02:36:38So, frogs can freeze during the winter

02:36:41because of a high concentration of sugar or glucose in their vital organs.

02:36:45Once they unfreeze, they continue as if nothing happened.

02:36:49Octopuses have three hearts and blue blood.

02:36:53They can move at speeds of 25 miles per hour,

02:36:56and they spray ink that not only blurs the predator's visual field but actually harms them.

02:37:02Also, they have nine brains, the central one and eight smaller brains located in their arms.

02:37:07That's why their arms can open a shellfish

02:37:10while the central brain is busy doing something else.

02:37:14An octopus even tastes with its arms.

02:37:16They have cells in their suckers that enable the arms to touch and taste

02:37:20in a way that they detect chemicals marine creatures produce.

02:37:24That way, an octopus can distinguish prey from rocks.

02:37:29It's breakfast and you crack open a hard-boiled egg.

02:37:32You find that it's green.

02:37:34Looks disgusting.

02:37:35Well, it looks like you cooked it for too long.

02:37:38This happened because of the thin sulfur layer in the whites and iron in the yolk.

02:37:43Though the mixture of these chemicals is black,

02:37:45it's such a thin layer mixed into the yellow yolk that it turns green.

02:37:49But don't fear these strange green eggs.

02:37:52They're completely safe to eat.

02:37:55While sitting for a photo, it would be weird to say anything other than cheese

02:37:59to get that perfect smile.

02:38:01But in the 19th century, it was different.

02:38:03Photographers would ask their subject to say prune instead.

02:38:07The reason was to obtain that thin, duck-like expression.

02:38:11It was considered a primp, improper way to present a photograph.

02:38:16Strawberries aren't even considered a berry and are more of a false fruit,

02:38:20further identified as multiple fruit.

02:38:23What we believe is that the tiny little brown or white things are seeds,

02:38:27but they're actually individual fruits attached to its flesh.

02:38:31But how did this mistake start in the first place?

02:38:34Well, the confusion began hundreds of years ago when it was first named.

02:38:39However, this was a long time before botanists

02:38:41were even around to help clarify this mistake.

02:38:45Sci-fi films are often inspired by real-life space exploration.

02:38:49But there's one thing that NASA implemented after watching a sci-fi movie.

02:38:53A 1929 flick, Woman in the Moon, introduced a countdown that built up anticipation.

02:38:59NASA found this helpful and started using it in 1969.

02:39:04Not only is it an exciting moment, but it does also have a practical use.

02:39:08It helps the massive team behind each launch

02:39:11ensure they're synchronized perfectly down to the last second.

02:39:15This one might change your appetite the next time you see a juicy apple.

02:39:19Usually picked around August to November,

02:39:21the shiny supermarket apples are covered in hot wax,

02:39:25then hot air dried and sent into cold storage.

02:39:29Before they arrive at the supermarket looking fresh,

02:39:31they've been in storage for anywhere between 6 to 12 months.

02:39:36I bet you can't do this.

02:39:38Try and hum while closing your nose.

02:39:40No noise came out, right?

02:39:42Without an exit for air, it's physically impossible to make any noise.

02:39:48The world's largest national park in Greenland

02:39:50covers a staggering 375,000 square miles.

02:39:54That's twice the size of California.

02:39:57But although it's huge,

02:39:58there are only up to 40 permanent residents in this massive area,

02:40:02making it one of the most isolated places on Earth.

02:40:06Issues with bad breath?

02:40:08Gum is the typical choice, but other things are just as effective.

02:40:11Cucumber is a great natural solution and a more efficient one.

02:40:15Working similarly to gum, it helps stimulate saliva production.

02:40:19But what makes it different from other odor defeaters is its water content.

02:40:23Washing away any unwanted pieces of food still remaining

02:40:26also helps to avoid a dry mouth, which causes odors.

02:40:31You would think that Z would be the last letter put into the alphabet,

02:40:34but it was actually J.

02:40:37Long ago in 1524, an Italian grammarian

02:40:41wanted to identify a way to separate I and J.

02:40:44Together, they were a vowel.

02:40:46And J was then used as a consonant that sounded like Y.

02:40:51It wasn't until 1633, when an English grammar book explained the proper use of J,

02:40:56and it was entered into the alphabet in the way we use it today.

02:41:01The first vacuum cleaner was invented in 1901,

02:41:04the size of a Winnebago, and it took four people to operate it.

02:41:08A petrol engine used to supply power also required a horse to move it around.

02:41:13I would suppose that it was mainly used for cleaning up after the horse in the end.

02:41:17It wasn't long after that they found easier ways to clean the house,

02:41:21and in 1910, the first handheld vacuum was invented.

02:41:25If you've been told that you sweat like a pig, there is no need to be offended.

02:41:29It's actually more of a compliment, as pigs don't sweat.

02:41:32All swine are born without sweat glands,

02:41:34and the only way to cool off is to find a nice puddle, or more famously, some mud.

02:41:40Umbrellas were invented around 4,000 years ago

02:41:43and were only socially acceptable for women to use them.

02:41:46Their original purpose was to keep the sun out of your eyes and as a fashion accessory.

02:41:51It wasn't until the mid-18th century that men were allowed to use them,

02:41:55and the modern, water-resistant version we use today was made.

02:41:59And most importantly, the very first dog umbrella was invented in 1965.

02:42:07Dentists can be very strict on what sweets you eat,

02:42:10so you would be amazed to learn that cotton candy was invented by a dentist.

02:42:16A dentist and confectioner wanted to give his clients a treat every visit.

02:42:21Hmm, maybe he gave them this treat to ensure they came back more often.

02:42:27If we could theoretically build a highway to outer space,

02:42:31and could adjust the effects of gravity,

02:42:33it would only take you an hour to drive to space if you drove at 60 miles per hour.

02:42:39Let's make this happen, Elon Musk!

02:42:42How heavy could a cloud be?

02:42:44It looks like it couldn't weigh too much as it floats easily up in the sky.

02:42:48But a cloud could weigh anywhere up to 1 million pounds.

02:42:52That massive cloud is able to float above you because the air is lighter up there

02:42:56and less dense than dry air below.

02:42:58You can see the same effect when observing oil floating on water.

02:43:02You think you yawn because you are bored or tired?

02:43:05Well, it's a myth.

02:43:07You yawn more often later in the day, but it's just your body helping you remain alert.

02:43:12Through inhaling cool air and stretching the muscles, it cools the flow to the brain.

02:43:17Researchers identified brain sizes in different species of animals based on their yawns.

02:43:22The larger the brain, the longer the yawn.

02:43:25So how long do you yawn?

02:43:27Playing video games regularly increases gray matter in the brain for all you gamers out there,

02:43:32which helps to boost brain connectivity through muscle control,

02:43:35memories, perception, and spatial navigation.

02:43:39An experiment at a New York medical center found that surgeons who played three hours of video games

02:43:44made 37% fewer mistakes and performed 27% faster than other non-gaming doctors.

02:43:52Have you ever wanted to be just a little bit taller?

02:43:54Well, get your space boots on.

02:43:56The human body can grow up to 3% taller when in space.

02:44:00While living on Earth, our spines are compressed by gravity.

02:44:04But in zero gravity, the decompression lets the spinal discs expand,

02:44:08allowing the spine to lengthen.

02:44:11Cows don't have full REM sleep while standing, but they can have a light nap.

02:44:16This is an evolutionary trait that helped their ancestors avoid predators.

02:44:20They stand idle during a power nap if they need to make a quick getaway.

02:44:24They do have full REM sleep only by lying down.

02:44:28They only need four hours of sleep to fully energize for the next day.

02:44:32Women have more taste buds than men, and 35% of women are considered super tasters.

02:44:38And only 15% of men are.

02:44:40Not surprisingly, more women prefer pineapple on their pizza.

02:44:44Now, don't be triggered if you disagree.

02:44:47While sleeping, you're incapable of sneezing.

02:44:50This might seem impossible, especially when you have a cold.

02:44:54But while your body is resting, the nerves that help you sneeze are as well.

02:44:59While you sleep, the brain ignores any irritating sensations

02:45:02or tickling that would typically create the sneeze.

02:45:06Our calendar year once used to end in February.

02:45:10This is because it was the last month to be added to the calendar.

02:45:13A calendar year once only lasted 304 days.

02:45:17So there was plenty of room for more months.

02:45:20It was changed in the year 46 BCE to the calendar we know today by Julius Caesar.

02:45:26They previously followed the lunar calendar.

02:45:29Julius Caesar saw issues with this as it didn't match the seasons.

02:45:33He hired an astronomer who created a calendar based on the solar year.

02:45:39There are things about your body you know for sure.

02:45:42Or don't you?

02:45:44Can you guess what exactly is a myth or fact?

02:45:47One point is for each correct answer.

02:45:50Let me know your score.

02:45:52Brown eggs are more nutritious than white eggs.

02:45:55Myth or fact?

02:45:57Myth.

02:45:57There is no study saying brown eggs are healthier than white eggs.

02:46:01The only difference is the color of the eggshell.

02:46:04The color of the eggshell doesn't affect its nutrition or quality.

02:46:07That is related to the type of chicken.

02:46:09Chickens with white earlobes tend to have white eggs.

02:46:15Have you heard that a large amount of the dust in your home is actually decanted skin?

02:46:20Not cool, I know.

02:46:22Do you think this is a myth or fact?

02:46:24This is a myth.

02:46:25You're not just mopping your skin flakes from the floor.

02:46:28Many other components make the house dust.

02:46:31Fibers, hair, building materials, mold, pollen, insect body parts, and ash are some of them,

02:46:38according to the study made in Canadian houses.

02:46:41This makes sense because a house nearby a busy highway or in a renovation area

02:46:45has more dust than a house in the middle of a forest.

02:46:50Skin is our largest organ.

02:46:52Is this a fact or myth?

02:46:54It's a fact.

02:46:55You might think for a second that the intestine can be quite large when you unfold it.

02:46:59But nope.

02:47:00Skin wins the contest.

02:47:01An adult carries around 8 pounds and 22 square feet of skin.

02:47:08Can't think of us without a skin.

02:47:10It's not just there to cover our bodies.

02:47:12It has an essential role in protecting us too.

02:47:16You can't breathe and swallow at the same time.

02:47:18Myth or fact?

02:47:20It's a fact.

02:47:22Maybe you already knew the correct answer.

02:47:24But you tried it anyway after reading this.

02:47:26So see it for yourself.

02:47:27So in your throat, there are two passageways important for your survival.

02:47:31I'm putting aside the fancy medical names and I'll refer to those two as airway and food pipe.

02:47:36They prevent breathing and swallowing simultaneously.

02:47:39Otherwise, food would enter the airway and cause severe complications.

02:47:47This doesn't always go as planned.

02:47:50That's why sometimes you end up coughing and preventing the piece of food from reaching

02:47:54the lungs.

02:47:55As well as having unique fingerprints, humans also have unique tongue prints.

02:48:00Is this a myth or fact?

02:48:02Fact.

02:48:03The human tongue is magnificent enough in its features that make us taste the food.

02:48:07It's also unique in its texture.

02:48:10People use biometric systems like fingerprints, voice scans, and iris scans for authentication.

02:48:16They are important to the identification and verification phases.

02:48:20Tongue print is unique.

02:48:22So it's very hard to copy it.

02:48:23It can be used as a biometric system tool too.

02:48:26What if people started using this system in their daily lives for safety reasons?

02:48:31Imagine locking a safe or your phone with a tongue print.

02:48:35An adult spends three hours in the bathroom every week.

02:48:39Do you think this is a fact or myth?

02:48:41It's a fact.

02:48:43A poll by scientists reveals that an average adult spends three hours and nine minutes

02:48:47on the toilet every week.

02:48:50This is more than the time they spent exercising.

02:48:52Take your sweet time.

02:48:54No need to rush.

02:48:56You swallow eight spiders a year while sleeping.

02:48:59Myth or fact?

02:49:01Don't believe it?

02:49:01Lucky for us and for the spiders, of course, this is not true.

02:49:06Fear no more and have a good night's sleep.

02:49:09Most spiders don't deliberately come near humans.

02:49:11Plus, vibrations coming from a sleeping person might be uncanny for them.

02:49:16Or maybe the spider just lives in the habitat.

02:49:18It thinks that you are flatmates sharing a room.

02:49:21As long as there is actual evidence, I call this a myth.

02:49:25Your thigh bone can resist thousands of pounds of force.

02:49:28Do you think this is a myth or a fact?

02:49:31Yes, this is a fact.

02:49:33People generally refer to it as tight bone.

02:49:36But its actual name is femur bone.

02:49:38This bone is located on the upper part of your leg.

02:49:42Experts say that this bone is hard to break.

02:49:45It's one of the two strongest bones in our anatomy.

02:49:48The first one is the temporal bone of the skull.

02:49:51If you wondered about the first one.

02:49:53Anyway, a tight bone can support 30 times more of your body weight.

02:49:58Maybe it's because the femur bone is the longest and largest bone in the human body.

02:50:03Do you believe that shaving your hair makes it grow back thicker?

02:50:06Fact or myth?

02:50:08Watch how I debunk that myth.

02:50:10Experts say shaving doesn't affect the thickness of the hair.

02:50:13The hair's head didn't remove, so the root is still there.

02:50:17You only shave the upper part.

02:50:19After a shave, the hair grows bluntly because it's been cut.

02:50:23That's why you may feel it's getting thicker.

02:50:26It's safe to eat food that's been on the floor for 5 seconds or less.

02:50:30Is this a fact or a myth?

02:50:32Sorry for blocking the best way you justify eating something that fell on the floor.

02:50:36There's no such thing as the 5-second rule.

02:50:39Researchers found that a substantial amount of bacteria

02:50:42transferred to the food within 5 seconds.

02:50:45The moisture of the food directly affects contamination.

02:50:48Imagine you drop a slice of watermelon and chips on the floor.

02:50:51I don't know why you're eating both together or how you end up dropping them both.

02:50:55But let's continue with this example anyway.

02:50:58The watermelon will have more contamination than chips

02:51:01because watermelon has more moisture in it.

02:51:03The surface of the watermelon is more open to transferring bacteria.

02:51:08Blondes and redheads may soon disappear.

02:51:11Myth or fact?

02:51:13An easy one, right?

02:51:14This is a myth.

02:51:15Red or blonde colored hairs are connected to recessive genes.

02:51:19They can be carried from one generation to another

02:51:21without creating the hair color of the carrier.

02:51:24If both parents have the correct recessive genes,

02:51:26the chances are high that the next generation will have blonde or red hair.

02:51:31These genes are rare,

02:51:33but populations still have those genes carried out so they won't get lost forever.

02:51:37For that to happen,

02:51:38literally everyone on the planet who carries that gene must disappear.

02:51:43So the chances are low.

02:51:47Drinking coffee dehydrates you.

02:51:49Is it a fact or myth?

02:51:52Myth!

02:51:52You can enjoy your morning coffee.

02:51:54Okay, you may visit the bathroom more frequently after drinking coffee.

02:51:58But it doesn't mean you're losing more water.

02:52:01There are numerous studies made about the effects of caffeine.

02:52:05Some of these studies revealed that drinking a reasonable amount of coffee a day

02:52:09doesn't increase the risk of dehydration.

02:52:14Eating yogurt helps your digestion.

02:52:16Do you think this is a fact or just another myth?

02:52:19A fact!

02:52:20But with the right choice of yogurt.

02:52:22Yogurt is food containing probiotics.

02:52:25They are the good bacteria that make everything flow smoothly in your gut.

02:52:29Eating yogurt alone may not be enough to have a healthy digestive system.

02:52:34It supports the digestive system positively.

02:52:37Keep in mind though,

02:52:39not all yogurts are equal.

02:52:41Some of them have sugar in them,

02:52:42or they come with toppings like candy or cookies.

02:52:45Go for the classic ones.

02:52:49Your hair will grow faster if you have it cut more often.

02:52:52Fact or myth?

02:52:54We were always told not to cry too much over the hair we lost

02:52:57because it would grow back faster.

02:52:59Unfortunately,

02:53:00the hair growth rate doesn't depend on how often you get a haircut.

02:53:04The average hair growth rate is 0.01 inches per day.

02:53:09Plus, many factors affect it,

02:53:11age,

02:53:11hormones,

02:53:12and even the time of year.

02:53:14Knowing this new fact may make some people postpone their hairdresser appointments.

02:53:21Pockets are usually on the left side of shirts because most people are right-handed.

02:53:25Is this a myth or a fact?

02:53:28This is actually true.

02:53:29Many products favor the righties.

02:53:31Left-handed people will relate to this on so many levels.

02:53:34Let's say public transport.

02:53:37Have you ever noticed that the scanner at stations is typically on the right side?

02:53:42Household equipment and devices are one more example.

02:53:45Scissors,

02:53:45tweezers,

02:53:46bottle openers,

02:53:47and many other kitchen and household appliances

02:53:49are designed with right-handed people in mind.

02:53:53The same goes for shirt pockets.

02:53:55While some people use both hands equally and others change their hand preference between tasks,

02:54:00overall, most people are right-handed.

02:54:03A study has revealed that 75% to 90% of the world's population are right-handed

02:54:08and 10% are left-handed.

02:54:11This means it's more convenient for most people to have pockets on the left side

02:54:15than on the right side of their garments.

02:54:17Try it out for yourself.

02:54:19Your elbow kind of folds when you try to reach into the pocket on the right side.

02:54:22Whereas on the left side, your elbow makes an arc shape,

02:54:25which makes it easier to put things inside the pocket and take them out.

02:54:30Eating more protein leads to having bigger muscles.

02:54:33What do you think about this, bodybuilders?

02:54:35Myth or fact?

02:54:37This is a myth.

02:54:39It's true that eating protein is essential for building bigger muscles.

02:54:43I mean, proteins are building blocks of your body.

02:54:45And yet, eating more than you need is unnecessary.

02:54:48Everyone should drink eight glasses of water a day.

02:54:51Do you think this is a myth or a fact?

02:54:55This is a myth.

02:54:56So don't blame yourself for drinking less water than recommended.

02:54:59Eight glasses are not a magic number.

02:55:01Hydration needs differ from one person to another.

02:55:05How much water you should drink every day depends on your activity and exercise level.

02:55:10The temperature of the place where you live affects this number too.

02:55:13If you live in a hot area, you sweat more and you sweat less.

02:55:17You sweat more and need to drink more water.

02:55:20Soup, coffee, tea, fruits, and other things you eat daily also contain water.

02:55:27Carrots are high in sugar, so you should avoid eating them.

02:55:31If this is true, we should warn bunnies.

02:55:33Any guesses, fact or myth?

02:55:36It's a myth.

02:55:37Carrots are about 85% water.

02:55:40One pound of cooked carrots only contains three teaspoons of sugar.

02:55:44Compared to the amount of sugar in desserts, this is nothing.

02:55:47Plus, carrots are high in phytochemicals, and eating them can help lower blood sugar.

02:55:54Medieval people believed in flat Earth.

02:55:56Is this a myth or a fact?

02:55:59Obviously, flat Earth is a myth.

02:56:01But so is the history built around this myth.

02:56:04You can't say that at those times.

02:56:06The whole world was skeptical about Earth's spherical shape.

02:56:10Even everyday visible things prove that.

02:56:12For example, medieval people could see that the twilight glow during sunrise and sunset

02:56:18formed an arc over the horizon.

02:56:21Vikings wore horned helmets.

02:56:23Is this a myth or fact?

02:56:26The well-known image of a Viking warrior is almost always completed with a horned helmet.

02:56:31But in reality, there were no horns.

02:56:35There's no evidence that Viking helmets were horned.

02:56:39Detox juices cleanse your body.

02:56:41Is this a fact or myth?

02:56:44It's a myth.

02:56:45Detoxification doesn't work that way.

02:56:47Your internal organs are responsible for the process of cleansing.

02:56:50The spleen, liver, kidneys, especially the liver.

02:56:55Your body is always in a natural state of cleansing itself.

02:56:59A person doesn't need to drink juices for detoxification.

02:57:03Nuts are junk food.

02:57:05Any thoughts?

02:57:06Myth or fact?

02:57:09You're right.

02:57:10This is a myth.

02:57:11Nuts are full of healthy fats.

02:57:14They're good for your heart and other organs.

02:57:17The average American throws away about 82 pounds of textile waste per year.

02:57:22Is this a fact or myth?

02:57:26Fact.

02:57:27Imagine all that waste.

02:57:28When someone throws their clothes away, they don't disappear into thin air.

02:57:32These items most likely reach landfills as their final destination.

02:57:37Donating clothes and selling them in second-hand stores are a much better option.

02:57:42Now, you've probably heard about life-saving laundry tricks

02:57:45that are said to make your clothes super clean and as good as they were on day one.

02:57:50What if those laundry tips are actually myths?

02:57:53I got three of them lined up for you.

02:57:56Shirts should be buttoned when you put them in the laundry.

02:57:59Is it true or not?

02:58:01This is a myth.

02:58:02You'd better keep zippers closed to keep their teeth from catching the fabric of other clothes.

02:58:07But fastening the buttons of a shirt can expand the button net and the buttonhole.

02:58:12In the long term, buttons will start slipping out of place.

02:58:16Washing clothes in hot water is the most effective way to clean them.

02:58:20Is this a myth or fact?

02:58:23That's another laundry myth.

02:58:25You want to rid your clothes of germs.

02:58:27Yet, hot water alone won't be enough for this.

02:58:30Nowadays, many detergents can clean clothes in cold or warm water.

02:58:36You should remove stains from the face of the fabric.

02:58:39Is it true?

02:58:41Most people apply water and soap to the stain starting from the front side of the fabric.

02:58:45But that's not the best option.

02:58:47A much better way is to start from the back.

02:58:50The stain can go deeper if you treat it from the front.

02:58:53Try to make the stain move up to the surface rather than push it inside.

02:58:58Listening to music is an effective tool for learning languages.

02:59:01Is it a myth or fact?

02:59:04It's a fact.

02:59:05Scientists say listening to a song and humming along can help you learn a language.

02:59:10Most people struggle to learn grammar.

02:59:12Yet, in our daily lives, we don't always follow grammar rules.

02:59:16Songs can help you pick up informal expressions.

02:59:20Scientists have also concluded that music can help you remember new words and add them to your vocabulary.

02:59:26Let me give you an example.

02:59:27It's from your first year at school.

02:59:30Yep, the alphabet song.

02:59:33Are you a morning person or a night owl?

02:59:35Either way, you might want to know these facts and myths about sleep.

02:59:40The longest someone went without sleep was 11 days.

02:59:44Do you think this is possible or is it an urban legend?

02:59:49This is a fact.

02:59:50Randy Gardner set the record for the longest amount of time a person went without sleep.

02:59:55It was an experiment carried out by Stanford sleep researcher, Dr. William C. Dement.

03:00:01The doctor recorded and monitored Randy Gardner's sleep activity.

03:00:04Gardner managed to stay awake for 11 days and 25 minutes.

03:00:10Your body eventually gets used to getting less sleep.

03:00:13Myth or fact?

03:00:15It's a myth.

03:00:16There are many studies proving that your body and especially your brain can't get used to sleeping less.

03:00:22Have you noticed that after a few nights of insufficient sleep,

03:00:25you begin to feel groggier during the day?

03:00:28That's your body trying to adjust to not getting enough rest.

03:00:31Long-term sleep deprivation affects your daytime performance, focus, and decision-making.

03:00:38Many grown-ups need five or fewer hours of sleep.

03:00:42Can it be true?

03:00:44Well, this one's easy.

03:00:45It's a myth.

03:00:46Experts from the National Sleep Foundation recommend that the average adult

03:00:50Some people have a genetic mutation thanks to which they wake up refreshed after a short night's sleep.

03:00:56But such people are an exception.

03:00:58One in four million.

03:01:01The ability to fall asleep in any place and at any time means you're a good sleeper.

03:01:07What do you think?

03:01:07Myth or fact?

03:01:10It's a myth.

03:01:11A good sleeper gets a proper amount of sleep and has a regular sleep schedule.

03:01:15Cats spend two-thirds of their life asleep.

03:01:18Do you believe that?

03:01:20This will probably come as no surprise.

03:01:22It's a fact.

03:01:24How many of the facts and myths did you guess correctly?

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