Documental Las guerras no terminan
Decenas de miles de niños nacidos de soldados alemanes y de madres noruegas fueron odiados, discriminados, abusados y rechazados tanto por sus familias y comunidades como por su propio gobierno. Durante una década, lucharon para que Noruega reconociese el dolor y la discriminación sistemática a que fueron sometidos y se hiciera justicia con ellos.
Transcript
00:00In a war, all the children are wounded.
00:16War is hell.
00:20For the descendants of the occupiers,
00:23that hell begins when peace arrives, and lasts a lifetime.
00:31I know what the children of the war in Norway have gone through.
00:35In Norway, in our precious democracy.
00:40I know what many of us have gone through.
00:44So I can only imagine
00:47what other children of the war are suffering today, all over the world.
00:54I tell my story again, because the fight is not over.
01:17At the beginning of 2007, a group of Norwegian children,
01:35born during the Second World War,
01:38appeared before the highest court of human rights in Europe, in Strasbourg.
01:44They wanted justice to act against Norway,
01:48for the vital abandonment and systematic discrimination they had suffered.
01:58For most of them, the Second World War had never ended.
02:03In fact, the day that peace reached the whole world, in 1945,
02:10a new war began for them.
02:15German pig.
02:17That word, German, had something.
02:22I realized that it was a very ugly word.
02:27After a while, I became quite strong physically.
02:34Imagine that they hit you with a pincer until it breaks.
02:40You end up developing a lot of strength.
02:43Or at least that was my case.
02:48But for my mother to call me German pig,
02:51it hurt me more than if she hit me with a pincer.
02:57Some days, when I went to school,
03:00my ass hurt so much that I could hardly sit down.
03:05I feel as if I had no childhood.
03:22I remember thinking,
03:25I would have preferred to have been the result of an extramarital relationship
03:30if that had meant not being the bastard son of a German.
03:35I wouldn't have cared.
03:41Because the shame I felt was almost unbearable.
03:45And it followed me everywhere like a shadow.
03:48I couldn't get it out of my head.
03:50Remember who you are and where you come from.
03:53We had to host those Germans for five years.
03:56And when we finally got rid of them,
03:58they left a trail of dirt at their feet.
04:01Their dirt.
04:10War is war.
04:12And if you're a product of it, it's not easy.
04:17If one day you were a Nazi, you will always be a Nazi, they say.
04:22After the war, the younger generation went through a brutal process
04:27because they had to pay for the sins of their parents.
04:30And I identify with that because it's what I lived in Norway.
04:35I had to pay for the sins of my mother and my father.
04:41The Second World War was at its peak.
04:45That war not only claimed lives, but also brought others to the world.
04:54In addition to the Holocaust and systematic massacres,
04:58Hitler's commander in chief, Heinrich Himmler,
05:02had established the Lebensborg program all over Europe.
05:07In safe environments, thousands of German officers
05:11were encouraged to mate with women from the occupied territories,
05:15with the aim of bringing new members of the Aryan race to the world,
05:20with blond hair, blue eyes and fair skin.
05:24Their role would be to manage the Empire of Hitler
05:28for the next 1,000 years.
05:32In the occupied Norway, the situation was different.
05:37No force was used, nor were there any mates.
05:41To Hitler's eyes, the Norwegians were the bearers of the purest Aryan blood
05:46because they descended directly from the Vikings.
05:50To Hitler's eyes, the Norwegians were the bearers of the purest Aryan blood
05:55because they descended directly from the Vikings.
06:02My mother and my father were naive.
06:06They thought they would find love in war.
06:10They met at the end of 1941.
06:15When I was on my way, my parents thought of getting married.
06:22I have vivid memories of my childhood and other more vague ones,
06:27but I remember that my father sang to me.
06:31Although I did not speak German,
06:34I knew many songs in that language.
06:37They were familiar to me,
06:41so I had to have heard them somewhere.
06:49The girls and boys met and fell in love.
06:54Norway was occupied by 400,000 German soldiers.
07:01Far from the most active focus of the war,
07:04many soldiers left their barracks and went to the villages,
07:08farms and squares of the cities.
07:12It is known that between 30,000 and 50,000 Norwegian women
07:16maintained relations with them.
07:22About 12,000 children were born from them.
07:28Many of the pregnant women did not get married.
07:33They were ashamed and threw them out of their homes.
07:36Some had to look for a safe place to give birth.
07:41It was then that the Levensborn homes opened their doors
07:45and took care of the birth and needs of the newborns.
07:50Compared to the world around them,
07:53those homes gave the mothers and their children
07:56a safer and more comfortable environment to live in.
08:01But that would change radically after the war.
08:12My father was a soldier destined for Norway.
08:17He met my mother, who was living with her aunt,
08:21and who ran a laundry where the uniforms of the Germans were cleaned.
08:28That's how they met and fell in love, my mother and my father.
08:38My father died on his way to Russia,
08:41on October 20, 1942.
08:49Then they separated me from my mother
08:52and took me to the Levensborn Gottab house, managed by Germans.
08:59I stayed there until I turned two.
09:04Then they sent me to Eberswalde, in Germany,
09:07where my grandmother and grandfather lived.
09:12My first seven years of life were good and happy.
09:17We lived isolated in the valley,
09:20on top of a rocky area, on a very small farm.
09:25I don't remember us being poor, but we probably were.
09:30However, we had food and shelter, and I don't remember us lacking anything.
09:41The replicas of the war were felt all over the world.
09:45It's impossible to measure the consequences
09:48of the horror unleashed by Hitler's forces.
09:54In addition, the uniforms worn by those men responsible for the atrocities
09:59were the same as those worn by the parents of those children.
10:08Whether it was their intention or not, it instilled fear.
10:12Yes or yes, they were also human beings who longed for a normal life.
10:18The truth is that as soon as those uniforms were worn,
10:22they all received the same name, Nazis.
10:27THE NIGHT BEFORE
10:39I miss him.
10:41The truth is that I feel him very close to me.
10:45I look at his photo every day.
10:47I have it hanging in the room of my room.
10:51My mother and all my family say he was a good man, a kind man.
10:59And my son looks a lot like him physically.
11:03I think they have the same character.
11:06Both are calm and with certain musical talents.
11:15I don't remember him, but I keep his memory.
11:20He comes to life thanks to the photographs.
11:25No, I didn't get to know him.
11:30Nobody talked about my father.
11:34It was a taboo subject.
11:38I understood from a very young age that it had to be forgotten.
11:43Over time, I began to ask questions.
11:50I knew, although nobody had told me, that my father was German.
11:56But I never got answers to my questions.
12:03My mother refused to talk about all that.
12:08She said,
12:10It doesn't matter who your father is.
12:13What matters is who you are.
12:17My father's subject was not key.
12:23I was convinced that my father would return someday.
12:30Because it didn't occur to me that someone could leave their children behind.
12:38Abandoning a child seemed inconceivable to me.
12:43However, one day I had to admit to myself that he would not return.
12:54I remember that it was one of the most difficult moments of my life.
13:03And well, accepting that marked me.
13:08And since that day, I have missed him.
13:16He didn't want to come back.
13:20Okay, stay where you are.
13:23But it was a great disappointment.
13:37DYNAMARCA, DENMARK
13:48These photographs were taken in Denmark, during the war.
13:55The woman was an actress who had been paid,
13:58and the men, members of the Danish Resistance.
14:03It was an announcement whose purpose was to warn women and the rest of society
14:10about how these women should be treated if they were related to German soldiers.
14:32DENMARK
15:03DENMARK
15:11In Norway, there were also announcements issued in the London newsstands
15:16warning Norwegian women of the disastrous consequences they would suffer
15:22if they maintained intimate relations with the enemy.
15:27At the end of the war, many of these women were detained
15:31and subjected to scorn in public spaces.
15:38They took off their clothes, shaved their heads and spat on them.
15:45Some of them were even chased while they ran around naked in the streets.
15:51The help they received from the authorities was scarce or zero,
15:57and in the unlikely case that they would be charged,
16:01many were overshadowed by the judges.
16:09I remember telling my family,
16:13we have freed ourselves from the Germans,
16:17but now we have to deal with their garbage.
16:20The garbage they have left behind.
16:23That's how I gradually understood that I was the daughter of a German.
16:31My first childhood memory is from when I arrived at the orphanage.
16:35I was about two years old.
16:42I remember that my mother left me at the door
16:45and told me that that was my house.
16:49She told me that from then on I would live there.
16:57I still remember what they did to me when I arrived.
17:03I suffer just from remembering it.
17:09They undressed me and put me in boiling water
17:13because they said they had to clean me.
17:18They told me I had lice and diseases.
17:24They burned my skin.
17:27I couldn't deny it.
17:30I was nothing more than a little girl.
17:33I couldn't tell them I didn't want to do it.
17:36I didn't have the strength.
17:39Those abuses continued over and over again
17:42until I got married at 18 years old.
17:48The first time I realized that something was wrong
17:52was when I started going to school at seven years old.
17:59There was something bad inside of me.
18:02There was something bad that I couldn't change.
18:07I remember they called me a German whore.
18:13That was the first time I was seven years old.
18:18A classmate called me that.
18:21Probably his parents had taught him that word.
18:25None of us knew what a whore was.
18:28When I left, I ran home and asked my mother
18:32what a German whore meant.
18:37She was very wise.
18:39She told me not all Germans are Nazis
18:42and not all Norwegians are angels.
18:45She told me that in all communities there are bastards
18:48and that in all societies there are good people.
18:52She tried to make it up to me.
18:55There are different ways to react.
18:58Some lower their heads, surrender and let themselves be subdued.
19:02I didn't want that to happen to me.
19:05Luckily, I had a survival mechanism.
19:09Throughout my life, I have been above that rage.
19:12That's what draws me.
19:21In the transcripts of the Strasbourg Tribunal,
19:25there are testimonies of some of the boys,
19:28many of whom had been locked up in mental hospitals
19:32by the state authorities,
19:35despite being perfectly sane.
19:38From the age of four to the age of 19 or 20,
19:41they had to live with patients with serious mental disorders.
19:46As a result, after being released,
19:49they had to deal with panic attacks,
19:52insomnia and suicidal tendencies for the rest of their lives.
19:58In those psychiatric sanatoriums,
20:01some of them were raped by their caregivers.
20:06One of the testimonies
20:08shows the case of a boy who went from one orphanage to another,
20:11up to a total of 20.
20:14When he lived in one of the children's homes,
20:17he and a girl were locked up in an orphanage for a whole day
20:22because they were told they stank.
20:27It was scorching hot,
20:29and when they were let out at night,
20:32they were almost unconscious.
20:35Then they were dragged to the house,
20:38put in a bucket of acid water,
20:41and brushed with a brush until they were left alive.
20:46During that trance,
20:48it became clear to them that everything was because they were children of war.
20:54As the boy was a child of war,
20:57he was harassed and raped at school
21:00without anyone trying to stop him.
21:03Along with other children of war,
21:06he often had to stand in line
21:08for his classmates and teachers to urinate on him.
21:19My mother started working at Mor Preserving,
21:22a fishball factory
21:25that was at the end of the street where we lived.
21:29One day I was alone at home,
21:32waiting for the dishwasher to finish.
21:36He was also there, painting,
21:39sitting in the kitchen.
21:42And he had...
21:49Well, the thing is that he started talking to me.
21:56I was reading the newspaper.
22:00Then he grabbed me like this
22:03and put me against the wall.
22:06I had an erect penis.
22:10He held me so tight
22:15that he left bruises on my neck.
22:20I managed to escape
22:23and ran to the store to take refuge.
22:30I would rather not have to do it.
22:33It's very unpleasant.
22:36But, well, I'll do it.
22:39The members of that sect had their meeting point.
22:45I don't know very well what kind of sect it was,
22:48but the fact is that they came to the orphanage.
22:51They were all children of war.
22:54It was a sect.
22:57But the fact is that they came to the orphanage,
23:03borrowed a child
23:07and sexually abused him.
23:13When the child returned to the orphanage,
23:16he could hardly walk.
23:20Then they borrowed another child
23:23and repeated the same thing.
23:29This went on like this over time
23:32and it happened with the benefit of both parties.
23:36Better said, with the benefit of the adults.
23:41It's so creepy
23:44that you want to get a ticket and emigrate.
23:49Sometimes it's hard for you to identify with this country.
23:53And with its sadistic practices.
23:56And I wonder,
23:59is this possible?
24:02Who can do something like this to a child?
24:05I've thought about it a lot.
24:08Can someone do that to a child?
24:11But when I hear other stories,
24:14mine seems insignificant to me.
24:18Leaving aside the stories of individual abuse,
24:21the most respected professionals
24:24carried out public humiliations
24:27and sowed fear.
24:30One of the many examples
24:33can be found in a 1945 newspaper article
24:36written by a doctor,
24:39psychiatrist Johann Ries.
24:42He described the Norwegian children
24:45born during the war
24:48as defective, insane
24:51and potential Nazi spies
24:54and compared them to rats in a basement.
24:59They were children of hate.
25:02Anything could happen to them.
25:05Some ended up in small villages,
25:08enslaved in farms.
25:11Others were handed over,
25:14adopted, sent far away.
25:20They suffered all kinds of abuse.
25:25We had little protection
25:28if our mother couldn't take care of us.
25:31And many mothers couldn't take care of their children.
25:39Immediately after the war,
25:42the Norwegian government founded
25:45the Children of War Committee.
25:48After extensive research,
25:51the institution presented a 180-page report
25:54that included letters
25:57demonstrating the scope of the society's
26:00perspective on children of war.
26:03About 80 pages of the report
26:06were full of advice
26:09on how to ensure the health
26:12and safety of children of war.
26:15The committee also suggested
26:18that the government should start
26:21a positive information campaign
26:24to integrate children of war into society.
26:27According to the transcripts
26:30of the Estrasburgo Tribunal,
26:33the Norwegian government assured
26:36that the children of war should not be
26:39involved in war.
26:48Between 1945 and 1946,
26:51the Norwegian government tried
26:54to deport us to Germany.
26:57They thought that was where we should be.
27:00The Red Cross of Norway envied them.
27:04There would have been about 25,000 people,
27:0712,000 children of war.
27:10It would have been a massive deportation.
27:13The Red Cross said,
27:16it is unfeasible because Germany is in ruins,
27:19there is famine.
27:24A delegation from Australia arrived.
27:27They invited people to leave
27:30to help rebuild the country.
27:36They needed strong workforce.
27:43The Norwegian government said,
27:46we have 6,000 people, they are all yours.
27:49The Australians were speechless
27:52when they discovered
27:55that it was children.
27:58They said, no, thank you.
28:01And they left.
28:04What a generous offer
28:07from the Norwegian government
28:10to offer 6,000 German children.
28:13As if they wanted to get rid of them.
28:16Perhaps they would have said yes
28:19if they had said 3,000 more or 1,000 more.
28:22But the Australians did not want
28:25to be deported.
28:28What they wanted was workforce.
28:31Europe wanted the same.
28:34It was in ruins.
28:37In 1945, the Ministry of Justice
28:40explored the legitimate ways
28:43to facilitate mass deportation.
28:46To legalize it,
28:49it was important to invent new laws.
28:53In mid-August 1945,
28:56the Ministry of Justice
28:59modified the Norwegian Citizenship Law
29:02that had not been amended since 1924.
29:05Thanks to this amendment,
29:08thousands of women and their children
29:11were deprived of their Norwegian citizenship
29:14and the possibility of regaining it.
29:18The actions of the government
29:21generated reactions.
29:24And there was a need to justify themselves,
29:27to blame and embarrass someone.
29:30The war history asked for it.
29:33Those attitudes legitimized
29:36the horrible treatment suffered
29:39by the dirty Germans.
29:42The war history demanded
29:46And I, who lived through that,
29:49think, how can one make
29:52their own decisions?
29:55What happens when you have to make a decision?
29:58Because you never learned to choose.
30:01You only learned to accept abuse.
30:08Survival was charged a high price
30:11in most children of the war.
30:15Studies show that many of them
30:18have enjoyed a quality of life
30:21inferior to that of their peers.
30:24A more limited access to education,
30:27a more fragile health,
30:30and fewer opportunities
30:33seem to be common characteristics.
30:36And despite so many adversities,
30:39they seem to have managed to live
30:43I was 16 years old or 16 and a half
30:46when I met him.
30:49I remember that I was there
30:52in the square and I heard
30:55that someone called Knut was coming.
30:58I had to threaten
31:01that I would escape from the orphanage
31:04to come to the city to meet him.
31:08I had never seen such beautiful brown eyes
31:11in my life.
31:14I had the most beautiful brown eyes
31:17that you can imagine.
31:20It was love at first sight.
31:29I left home at 14 years old.
31:32Yes, I think that at 14
31:36and since then I worked and studied
31:39at the same time.
31:42I accepted all kinds of jobs.
31:45I was a babysitter, I was a locksmith,
31:48I worked in a store, I washed clothes,
31:51all kinds of strange jobs to pay for the studies.
31:54I was poor and had to make money
31:57to pay the rent.
32:00A constant struggle to survive.
32:03I loved music and dancing
32:06and I went to parties with friends.
32:09The area where I lived in the north
32:12had many military camps
32:15and on Saturdays they organized
32:18many dances in the community center
32:21and there we all went, the girls.
32:24I loved to dance.
32:27I met the man very soon
32:30with whom I got married.
32:33Maybe too soon, but it's something
32:36you can't choose.
32:39Things are like that.
32:42And that's how I ended up
32:45in the small town of Gudbrandsdalen
32:48in the 60s.
32:51Gudbrandsdalen is a community of farmers
32:54where people are very attached
32:57to their traditions and their heritage.
33:03I told them that I had a stepbrother
33:09and that my mother had not married
33:12any of the parents.
33:15I did not tell more.
33:18I was very ashamed.
33:21What a shame!
33:24My mother carried Sami blood
33:27in her veins.
33:30Me too.
33:33And I know the history of the Sami people.
33:36They also remained silent
33:39until they fought in the 80s.
33:42The shameful thing is to humiliate someone
33:45for being who he is and for coming from where he comes from.
33:48When I got married,
33:51the priest told me
33:54that I should be sterilized.
33:57There was a real danger
34:00that the children would become as stupid as me.
34:03He told me that I was not prepared
34:06to educate children
34:09and that the best solution was sterilization.
34:12No, I told him, I'm not going to be sterilized.
34:15You can do it, he insisted.
34:18If not, there is a danger that you will have children
34:21as useless as you.
34:24I sat down because he left me speechless.
34:27Who imagines that a priest
34:30will tell you something like this
34:33when you get married?
34:36If you ever have children,
34:39your children can be as retarded
34:42and as dysfunctional as you.
34:48The stigma destroys you
34:51from the inside out.
34:54It leaves you without self-esteem.
34:57It steals your identity.
35:00It takes everything away from you.
35:03It swallows you.
35:06You are nothing.
35:10You are a zero on the left.
35:15I don't have to live
35:18because I'm nothing.
35:22That's what I thought when I was little.
35:27I'm nothing and no one would worry about me
35:30if I disappeared.
35:34There was an absolute silence.
35:39German children did not begin to raise their voices
35:42until the 1990s,
35:45almost 50 years after the war.
35:48That was a taboo subject.
35:51It was so shameful that no one talked about it.
35:58The silence was broken
36:01when a few people
36:04took a step forward
36:07and then we started to organize ourselves.
36:10We found a lawyer
36:13who agreed to take the case
36:16and present it to the judges.
36:19We wanted the Norwegian government
36:22to compensate us.
36:25It took us 50 years,
36:28but it was enough to create
36:31a sepulchral silence.
36:34It says a lot about the oppression we suffer.
36:48I didn't know anything about that case.
36:51I hadn't even heard the word Lebensborn.
36:58One day I received a call from someone
37:01who introduced himself as a person from Lebensborn.
37:04And I thought, what is that?
37:07That person explained his case to me
37:10and asked me if I could help him.
37:16He was a child from Lebensborn.
37:21I heard his whole story
37:24and I thought he was really crazy.
37:28I immediately got involved
37:31with the idea of deepening that case.
37:34It was impossible not to do it.
37:37Someone had to take that case.
37:40The man told me that he had spoken
37:43to other lawyers who had rejected him.
37:46I accepted the case.
37:49The first meeting was with the Department of Justice.
37:52We met with politicians and parliamentarians
37:55but they didn't listen to us.
37:58So we decided to go to the courts
38:01to ask for compensation.
38:09The legal battle began in the Norwegian courts
38:12where the children of the war claimed
38:15that Norway had been unable to protect them
38:18and that it had systematically discriminated against them,
38:21thus destroying their lives.
38:28They wanted Norway to acknowledge their mistakes
38:31and to compensate them for the disorders and abuses
38:34they would have to face for the rest of their lives.
38:51During the visit we used to go
38:54to different cafes and restaurants
38:57such as Bondeheimen
39:00or Bristol
39:03to eat and drink coffee.
39:06I remember that one day
39:09we went to the theater
39:12and a man spat on us.
39:15He was a Norwegian.
39:18He spat on us.
39:23And the next day another man
39:26threw a cup of coffee at us.
39:32They were of a generation older than ours.
39:35I have also experienced
39:38that someone of a younger generation
39:41spat on me.
39:45One day someone did it
39:48when I was buying some medicine
39:51at the Bolle pharmacy.
39:54It was a young man
39:57who was walking with his professor
40:00from the University of Ullrud.
40:04He recognized me
40:07because he had seen me on TV
40:10and that's why he spat on me.
40:13How can this hatred exist
40:1670 years after the war?
40:22Who is capable of hating
40:25for 70 years?
40:33The Norwegian children
40:36born as a result of the war
40:39went to three different courts in Norway
40:42where they received some empathy
40:45but where they did not get justice.
40:51They were told several times
40:54that although their stories were important
40:57according to the law
41:00their petitions had been prescribed.
41:07And when they had already exhausted
41:10their legal rights in Norway
41:13they decided to go to the most important
41:16human rights court in Europe
41:19in Strasbourg where they received
41:22an open hearing.
41:40The public hearing
41:43in the case of Fyrman and others
41:46against Norway
41:49this case was initiated
41:52initially according to article 34
41:55of the convention
41:58by a total of 159 members of the court.
42:01Mr. President
42:04distinguished members of the court
42:07May I begin by saying
42:10that it is an honor to be here today
42:13in front of all of you.
42:16The court has delivered to the parties
42:19a list of questions that I will proceed
42:22to address and I will also present
42:25the government's explanations.
42:28I will show that the application
42:31of the Norwegian law of prescription
42:34I will show that there has been
42:37no discrimination against the applicants
42:40and that there has not been a violation
42:43of Norway's obligation to protect
42:46their rights according to the convention.
42:49I was very angry when I heard
42:52the lawyer
42:55I was about to stand up
42:58and start shouting
43:01the president of our organization
43:04held me by the coat and told me to sit down
43:07the case was dismissed
43:10in the three Norwegian courts
43:13was labeled prescription
43:16so the court of Strasbourg
43:19came to the same conclusion
43:22I already knew in advance
43:25that the case was lost
43:28as soon as I saw how we were presented
43:31to the judges I said
43:34this case is lost, we will never win
43:37because if Norway wins here
43:40if the Germans of Norway win here
43:43and we get compensation
43:46it will cost too much to the countries
43:49from which these judges come.
43:52The term of prescription
43:55in cases of abuse to children
43:58of the war reaches up to 20 years
44:01that means that after the child
44:04of the war who has suffered abuse
44:07reaches adulthood
44:10has 20 years to present himself
44:13before the law if he wants to enjoy
44:16a possibility of justice
44:19that was the main reason why
44:22the court of human rights of Strasbourg
44:25denied justice to the Norwegian children of the war
44:28assured that the case had prescribed
44:31because it had exceeded the deadline
44:40after the final decision
44:43at the end of a battle that had lasted almost 10 years
44:46the group of 159 children of the war
44:49dispersed, some committed suicide
44:52and others had to request
44:55to enter mental hospitals
45:01Björn committed suicide
45:07a few years ago
45:10very recently
45:13after the sight
45:16the last thing he said to his friends
45:19was, I'm tired of being a German child
45:24I can not stand it anymore
45:27I was 68 years old
45:37I understand why it costs them
45:40it's hard, it's still hard
45:44most are already dead
45:47many have taken their lives
45:50according to a study
45:53the suicide rate
45:56among children born as a result of the war
45:59is high
46:02compared to that of other children
46:08there are more suicides among children of the war
46:12than among other children
46:20in Strasbourg
46:23a small compensation was agreed
46:26to the children of the war
46:29if they recorded the details of their abuse
46:32and presented a credible statement
46:35if they had documentation
46:38then they would receive
46:41a higher compensation
46:44in Strasbourg we received from the government
46:47a compensation in quotation marks
46:50a representative of a political party
46:53said
46:56this is the smallest compensation
46:59given to a group
47:02in modern times
47:0820,000 Norwegian crowns
47:11is not even the salary of a month
47:14that's what a person's life is worth
47:17the Jews received their compensation
47:20and it was much more generous
47:23they received it without asking
47:26the Norwegian sailors who were
47:29in concentration camps in Japan
47:32also received theirs
47:35and Germany had behaved badly with the Jews
47:38when it comes to what the system has done
47:41to people, then they are not open
47:44to compensation
47:47I was greatly disappointed
47:50because they were unable to admit it
47:53none of those politicians
47:56had been involved
47:59why not admit it?
48:02politicians cannot be generous
48:05they can say, yes it happened and it was bad
48:08we regret it
48:11if they had said that directly
48:14if they had accepted it
48:17there would have been no trial
48:32what has happened far away
48:35can happen easily
48:38near us
48:41we always hear about wars
48:44but never about the products
48:47of war
48:50children
48:53someone has to help us
48:56and it is
48:59someone has to help us
49:02and we have to prepare a convention
49:09a convention of the United Nations
49:12for the protection of children
49:15who are the product of war
49:18children born from soldiers
49:21and women from occupied areas
49:24the convention of the United Nations
49:27is not enough to protect these children
49:30it does not cover the extreme situations
49:33that may arise
49:36children of war, children of occupation
49:39need their own convention
49:42their own protection
49:45if I look back
49:48to my childhood
49:51what made me stand up
49:54I had an aunt
49:57already older
50:00called Gilma
50:06a very short woman
50:09who had a house
50:12where she had to feed 12 people a day
50:19she saw me
50:22you have to see the children
50:25you have to see them
50:28and you have to pay attention to them
50:34they need to experience the care
50:37that someone cares about them
50:42that's what saved me
50:48in my darkest moments
50:51I thought of my aunt Gilma
50:54she told me that I could go to her
50:57whenever I had a problem
51:00and even if there were 12 people in the house
51:03there was always room for me
51:06I think all children born
51:09as a result of war
51:12need an aunt Gilma
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