Kurs języka hiszpańskiego dla studentów z Polski
Ćwiczenie czytania z przewodnikiem w języku hiszpańskim
Ćwiczenie czytania z przewodnikiem w języku hiszpańskim
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LifestyleTranscript
00:00Read the PDF file to continue reading in Spanish and Polish.
00:09Spanish university education.
00:12At the beginning of September, young university students go to the banks to pay for the university's enrollment.
00:18In addition, you have to subscribe to each subject in which you have enrolled.
00:23This fact is so massive that many times they have to wait for hours in long queues
00:27that are formed in the nearest bank branches to the study centers.
00:31The number of subjects that are taught annually may vary depending on the different careers,
00:36the academic conditions of each student, their economic possibilities, etc.,
00:40so the price changes a lot from some careers to others and from some students to others,
00:44but in general there is great flexibility.
00:47At the public university, the beginning of the year is usually very stressful for the student,
00:51as he has to invest a lot of time and effort in managing his academic course and organizing his schedules.
00:57This is especially complicated if, in addition, he intends to combine it with other studies
01:01or even with a job that allows him to finance the expensive fees, which today have multiplied by four.
01:07The old system of scholarships and aid has been seen to be more reduced every year
01:11and with the current government it has practically been extinguished.
01:15On the first days of September, hundreds of schedules are published in the ad table
01:19with the subjects and teachers who teach them,
01:22and each one must develop its own schedule according to its possibilities and the type of subjects it needs.
01:27Most study plans include different types of subjects,
01:31among which we can cite the truncated subjects,
01:34which are basic and essential subjects for each career,
01:37and the optional subjects that each student chooses according to their preferences and time possibilities.
01:43In addition, there are other subjects, called electives,
01:46which have been designed to promote certain interdisciplinarity between different careers,
01:50so that a student can annually choose one or two subjects belonging to other careers or his own career,
01:56which each faculty offers, allowing a wider and multidisciplinary training.
02:01The truncated subjects should not be suspended,
02:03because this would entail the impossibility of enrolling in other subjects derived from them for the next course,
02:08and in the long run, it would mean the abandonment of the studies,
02:11so that they are usually the ones that require the most study and the most difficult to approve.
02:15A huge number of students leave their careers during the first two courses,
02:20as they realize that they are not able to approve the subjects.
02:23Also a curious phenomenon occurs when a certain percentage of students try a first course in two or three careers
02:29until they find the one that best suits their possibilities.
02:32The access system is complicated, as it depends on the selectivity score,
02:36and in each career a cut score is required.
02:39The careers considered more prestigious and useful require a higher cut score,
02:44engineering, medicine, physiotherapy and odontology.
02:48Humanities are the ones that require the least score,
02:50because very few people in Spain are interested in these careers,
02:53which are considered unnecessary and unpractical for professional life.
02:57The university study system allows a reduced number of opportunities to be examined to approve,
03:03usually there are two periods of annual exam, in January and June.
03:07If they do not pass, there is the possibility of appearing again in September.
03:12If someone does not approve the exams in September,
03:15it is mandatory to re-enroll in the subject suspended for the next course,
03:19having the opportunity to re-examine on the scheduled dates,
03:22up to a maximum of four attempts, called summons.
03:26If they do not pass, an extraordinary summon could be requested,
03:30but this is only granted in exceptional cases and not passing could lead to the loss of the degree.
03:36In general, current education suffers from the lack of teachers and means,
03:40due to the great economic crisis that is crossing Spain on the one hand,
03:44and the deliberate intention of subsequent governments to impoverish the resources of teaching
03:48and public health in favor of other issues,
03:51financing of banks and private companies.
03:54Unfortunately, university professors face a new challenge today,
03:58not very common in previous generations,
04:00the progressive deterioration of the academic level and the attitude of the student.
04:04This is due to the brutal decrease in the quality of teaching in secondary education.
04:10A series of reforms approved in recent years have come to mean a destruction of public education,
04:16said in the words of any teacher with 15 years of experience.
04:21Now read the PDF file and listen to the sound again.
04:26Spanish university education
04:29At the beginning of September, young university students go to the banks to pay for the university's enrollment.
04:35In addition, each subject in which they have enrolled must be subsidized.
04:39This fact is so massive that many times they have to wait for hours in long queues
04:43that are formed in the nearest bank branches to the study centers.
04:48The number of subjects that are taught annually can vary depending on the different careers,
04:52the academic conditions of each student, their economic possibilities, etc.,
04:57so the price changes a lot from some careers to others and from some students to others,
05:01but in general there is great flexibility.
05:03At the public university, the beginning of the year is usually very stressful for the student,
05:08as he has to invest a lot of time and effort in managing his academic course and organizing his schedules.
05:13This is especially complicated if, in addition, he intends to combine it with other studies
05:18or even with a job that allows him to finance the expensive fees,
05:21which today have multiplied by four.
05:24The old system of scholarships and aid has been seen to be more reduced every year
05:28and with the current government it has practically been extinguished.
05:31The first days of September hundreds of schedules are published in the ad table
05:35with the subjects and the teachers who teach them,
05:38and each one must develop its own schedule according to its possibilities
05:41and the type of subjects it needs.
05:44Most study plans include different types of subjects,
05:47among which we can cite the truncated subjects,
05:50which are basic and essential subjects of each degree,
05:53and the optional subjects that each student chooses according to his preferences and schedule possibilities.
05:59In addition, there are other subjects, called electives,
06:02which have been designed to promote certain interdisciplinarity between different degrees,
06:06so that a student can choose one or two subjects from other degrees annually
06:11or from his own degree, which each faculty offers,
06:13allowing for a wider and multidisciplinary training.
06:17Truncated subjects should not be suspended,
06:20because this would mean the impossibility of enrolling in other subjects
06:23derived from them for the next course,
06:25and in the long run it would mean the abandonment of the studies,
06:28so that they are usually the ones that require the most study and the most difficult to pass.
06:32A huge number of students leave the courses during the first two courses,
06:36because they realize that they are not able to pass the subjects.
06:40Also a curious phenomenon occurs when a certain percentage of students
06:43try a first course in two or three courses
06:46and do not find the one that suits their possibilities.
06:49The access system is complicated, as it depends on the selectivity score,
06:53and in each course a cut score is required.
06:56The courses considered more prestigious and useful
06:59require a higher cut score in engineering, medicine, physiotherapy and odontology.
07:04The humanities are the ones that require the least score,
07:07because very few people in Spain are interested in these courses,
07:10which are considered unnecessary and unpractical for professional life.
07:14The university study system allows for a reduced number of opportunities to be examined to pass,
07:19usually there are two periods of annual exams, in January and June.
07:23If they do not pass, there is the possibility of re-enrolling in September.
07:28If someone does not pass the September exams,
07:31it is mandatory to re-enroll in the subject suspended for the next course,
07:35having the opportunity to re-examine on the scheduled dates,
07:38up to a maximum of four attempts, called summons.
07:42If one does not pass, an extraordinary summons could be requested,
07:46but this is only granted in exceptional cases
07:49and not passing could lead to the loss of the degree.
07:52In general, current education suffers from the lack of teachers and means,
07:56due to the great economic crisis that is crossing Spain on the one hand,
08:00and to the deliberate intention of the successive governments
08:03to impoverish the resources of teaching and public health in favor of other issues,
08:07financing of banks and private companies.
08:10Unfortunately, university professors face today a new challenge,
08:14not very common in previous generations,
08:16the progressive deterioration of the academic level and the attitude of the student.
08:20It is due to the brutal decrease in the quality of teaching in high school education.
08:26A series of reforms approved in recent years
08:29have come to mean a disruption of public education,
08:32said in the words of any teacher with 15 years of experience.