Swasembada pangan dan ketahanan pangan nasional menjadi salah satu program prioritas Pemerintahan Presiden Prabowo Subianto dan Wakil Presiden Gibran Rakabuming Raka. Bahkan, Presiden Prabowo telah memberikan instruksi langsung kepada sejumlah kementerian, termasuk Kementerian Pertanian untuk mencetak lahan persawahan baru seluas 3 juta hektare. Adapun upaya mencapai target swasembada pangan diharapkan bisa tercapai dalam waktu 4 hingga 5 tahun kedepan.
Pembuatan lahan sawah baru nantinya akan tersebar di beberapa daerah, antara lain Merauke dengan target 1 juta hektare, Kalimantan Tengah 500.000 hektare, Kalimantan Selatan 300.000 hektare, Sumatera Selatan 200.000 hektare. Sedangkan sisanya sebanyak 1 juta hektare berada di daerah lainnya seperti Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Timur, Aceh, dan Sumatera Utara.
Kementerian Pertanian telah menyatakan siap menjalankan rencana untuk mencetak lahan persawahan baru seluas 3 juta hektar di sejumlah daerah. Sebab, langkah ini menjadi bagian dari upaya mengejar target swasembada pangan dan ketahanan pangan nasional yang dicanangkan Pemerintah Prabowo-Gibran.
Pembuatan lahan sawah baru nantinya akan tersebar di beberapa daerah, antara lain Merauke dengan target 1 juta hektare, Kalimantan Tengah 500.000 hektare, Kalimantan Selatan 300.000 hektare, Sumatera Selatan 200.000 hektare. Sedangkan sisanya sebanyak 1 juta hektare berada di daerah lainnya seperti Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Timur, Aceh, dan Sumatera Utara.
Kementerian Pertanian telah menyatakan siap menjalankan rencana untuk mencetak lahan persawahan baru seluas 3 juta hektar di sejumlah daerah. Sebab, langkah ini menjadi bagian dari upaya mengejar target swasembada pangan dan ketahanan pangan nasional yang dicanangkan Pemerintah Prabowo-Gibran.
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TVTranscript
00:00Indonesia is the world's largest exporter of oil, gas and natural gas.
00:20Hello viewers, how are you today?
00:22Live from IDX Channel Jakarta, I am Prasetya Wibowo,
00:25welcome back to Market Review, a program that discusses economic movements in Indonesia.
00:30You can watch our live streaming at IDXChannel.com
00:33and let's start the complete market review.
00:45President Prabowo Subianto's government will mine 3 million hectares of new rice fields
00:51in the next 4 to 5 years
00:53and this agricultural sector extension is done in pursuit of food security
00:59and national food security.
01:06Food security and national food security
01:08is one of the priority programs of President Prabowo Subianto
01:13and Vice President Gibran Raka Bumingraka.
01:18As President Prabowo has given direct instructions to all ministries
01:22including the Ministry of Agriculture
01:24to mine 3 million hectares of new rice fields.
01:30There are efforts to achieve the target of food security
01:32is expected to be achieved in the next 4 to 5 years.
01:37The creation of new rice fields will later spread in several areas
01:41including Merauke with a target of 1 million hectares,
01:45Central Kalimantan 500,000 hectares,
01:48South Kalimantan 300,000 hectares,
01:51South Sumatera 200,000 hectares
01:53while the rest of 1 million hectares
01:56are in other areas such as West Kalimantan,
01:59East Kalimantan, Aceh and North Sumatera.
02:04Minister of Agriculture Andi Amran Sulaiman said
02:07he is planning to mine new rice fields
02:10as wide as 3 million hectares in a number of areas.
02:14This step is part of the effort to achieve the target of food security
02:18is expected to be achieved in the next 4 to 5 years.
02:24I am tasked by the President
02:27to speed up the mining of rice fields
02:33which are currently located in Merauke
02:37and Central Kalimantan
02:41and hopefully in the near future
02:43in South Kalimantan,
02:45South Sumatera,
02:48West Kalimantan, and so on.
02:53Meanwhile, the government also optimizes intensification program
02:58through the use of high-quality rice,
03:00adequate fertilizer distribution,
03:03and irrigation program in several areas of the food center
03:07such as around the Tenggawan Solo River,
03:10Cimanuk, and Merantas.
03:13Then, the effort to optimize rice fields as wide as 360,000 hectares
03:17also becomes the main focus of the government.
03:21From Jakarta, Salam Rahmat, Rizky Yulianto, IDX News.
03:32Yes, Prime Minister, to discuss our interesting theme this time,
03:343 million hectares of rice fields for national food security.
03:38We have been connected through Zoom with Mrs. Eliza Merdian,
03:41Indonesia's Core Advisor.
03:43Hello, Mrs. Eliza, how are you?
03:46Hello, Mas. How are you?
03:48Yes, Salam Sehat, Ibu.
03:50Yes, Salam Sehat, Mas.
03:52Okay, thank you for your time.
03:54We also have Professor Duyan Riaz Pangatpangan from PP University.
03:58Yes, hello, Prof. How are you, Prof?
04:00I'm fine, Mas.
04:02Okay, thank you for your time.
04:04Prof, let's just review from your glasses
04:08the condition of rice fields in Indonesia.
04:13What is the current situation like?
04:15As I recall, there was an effort to add 3 million hectares of new rice fields.
04:20Please.
04:21Yes, it is true that our rice fields are shrinking.
04:27As for the data, I don't know if the data is correct or not.
04:32In 2012, the PPM stated that our rice field area was 8.36 or 8.4 million hectares.
04:44In 2012.
04:46Okay.
04:47Then in 2019, the PPS recalculated the area of our rice fields
04:54and then agreed on the number of 7.4 million hectares.
04:59That's rice fields, right?
05:01So, in just 7 years, our rice fields have decreased by almost 1 million hectares.
05:07So, that's the condition of our existing rice fields.
05:11So, the effort to expand rice fields is logically reasonable
05:19because our rice fields continue to decline.
05:24For that, we heard various programs, for example, U-Test Team, and other big programs.
05:33Okay.
05:34For me, there is a very important thing that we do not respect
05:40which violates the concept of academic rationality and so on.
05:46I will tell you about it later.
05:48Okay, okay.
05:49It's related to the update.
05:51There is a decrease in the area of rice fields, especially rice fields in Indonesia
05:57in the period of 2012 to 2019.
06:01The data from the PPS has been reported.
06:03So, how does the Indonesian Corp see this?
06:05With the efforts to create new rice fields,
06:08and how does the Indonesian Corp see that the area of rice fields in Indonesia
06:13is really needed to be added, or how?
06:17So, if we look at our agricultural policies in the past 5 years,
06:24for example, the agro-sustainability itself has increased every year.
06:29Okay.
06:30For example, in 2020, it was about Rp74.5 trillion.
06:37In 2025, it is estimated to be Rp124 trillion.
06:41But, on the other hand, the increase in food sustainability
06:46from the production side of rice continues to decline.
06:51In 2020, it was about Rp60 million per hectare.
06:58Now, it's only about Rp53 million per hectare.
07:03So, the increase in food sustainability
07:07turns out not to be followed by the increase in rice productivity.
07:13Okay.
07:14So, there is something wrong with the policy.
07:19The budget has been increased, but why hasn't it increased in terms of productivity and production?
07:24So, I think this approach is wrong,
07:28because it focuses on something that has failed many times,
07:35but has been tried again.
07:37For example, accessification through state programs.
07:42The budget is not small,
07:44but the results we get are not equal to the cost we have already spent.
07:51Okay.
07:52So, Mrs. Elisa,
07:53how about the effort to create a new land, Rp3 million per hectare?
07:57Do you see how with the planting source itself,
08:00will the land be optimized once it is realized?
08:07Actually, with our current fiscal conditions,
08:11the space is getting more and more limited.
08:13Okay.
08:14In the middle of purchasing power,
08:16also the weakness of global demand.
08:18This is a real threat to our land.
08:23Okay.
08:24Well, the government should choose a strategy
08:27that has a wider multiplied effect
08:30and will prove to be effective in increasing production and productivity.
08:35Because the key to increasing production is that
08:38the method does not have to be accessification.
08:40There is another way.
08:41For example, investment.
08:43This is what has not been optimized by the government.
08:45While the government continues to plant paddy in paddy fields,
08:49where the productivity is not high.
08:52It is better for the government to invest,
08:54focus on existing land,
08:56which clearly has paddy,
08:57there is the land,
08:58it can be improved
09:00and with irrigation,
09:01built a rainwater plant that has not yet been irrigated,
09:04it is built with irrigation.
09:06Because the key to increasing productivity
09:09is in the existence of this irrigation.
09:12If this irrigation is very good,
09:14suitable,
09:15our planting index will increase.
09:17Currently, our planting index is around 1.5.
09:20This means that there are several lands that are planted once in a year.
09:25Whereas if we optimize it,
09:27it will be planted twice a year.
09:29This will increase our production.
09:31Okay.
09:32That's it.
09:33Okay, Ibu Lisa.
09:34Well, Prof. Dwi, how about earlier?
09:36The budget is increasing,
09:38but the output is still not up to expectations.
09:41Actually, where is the bottleneck?
09:43If you can explain.
09:45I answered the first one,
09:47like the paddy field.
09:49Okay.
09:50We do not learn from history
09:53until the last 26 years.
09:55I dare to say this
09:57because I was directly involved
09:59in the project of 1 million hectares.
10:02From 1996 to 1998,
10:04I was involved there
10:06as a member of the environmental risk analysis.
10:09Okay.
10:10Then in 2020,
10:12I was involved again.
10:14Because the Ministry of Agriculture at that time
10:17was also asked to be involved in food estate.
10:20In 2020, in 2021,
10:23we did a trial in Central Kalimantan.
10:26Okay.
10:27Well, all of that,
10:28in the last 26 years,
10:30to create paddy fields,
10:32all of it,
10:33from the project of 1 million hectares.
10:35From the SBI project,
10:36SBI has three food estate projects.
10:39The first is Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate in 2008.
10:42In 2013, there were two projects.
10:44One in Ketapang, 100,000 hectares,
10:46and the other in Gunungan, 300,000 hectares.
10:48What was the result?
10:49The result was a failure.
10:50Then, what about the previous government?
10:53They didn't do the same project.
10:55It's the same.
10:56Now, when the minister said
10:58he wanted to develop it in Merauke,
10:59we can ask,
11:00well, what about the 2015 government?
11:03Because in 2015,
11:05the Merauke Food and Energy Estate project
11:07in Merauke was also planned.
11:08A total of 1.2 million hectares.
11:10What was the result?
11:11The result was a failure, right?
11:12Yes.
11:13So, that's it.
11:14Because there were serious issues related to that.
11:18In addition, in 2020-2021,
11:21we tested it in Central Kalimantan,
11:23in a food estate plant there.
11:25What was the result?
11:27The average was only 0.85 tons per hectare.
11:30So, that's it.
11:31So, it was also a failure, right?
11:32So, I was involved in several projects
11:36related to food estates.
11:38It was already decided,
11:39the project plan for 2020-2022,
11:43we suggested that
11:45food estates should not be built there.
11:48We knew that something would happen.
11:51So, everything was failed.
11:52And now, I want to repeat it again.
11:54It's a budget of tens of trillions.
11:57Okay.
11:58From last year, it was hundreds of trillions.
12:00Prof, this is interesting.
12:01For something that has no benefit.
12:03And failed.
12:04Well, if there is indeed
12:06a learning that can be taken,
12:08actually, there is one mistake,
12:10where can it be a learning?
12:12Geographic location is also a determining factor
12:15that determines the quality of the agricultural land,
12:17whether it's good or not.
12:18But let's wait for the answer, Prof.
12:19We'll take a short break.
12:20And Mr. Elisa, we'll take a short break.
12:22Mr. Mirsa, make sure you're still with us.
12:42Thank you for staying with us.
12:44And, Mr. Mirsa, we'll share the data with you.
12:46It's like a map of Indonesia's process
12:48towards food estates.
12:50And it can also be a global paddy field.
12:53Let's see the movement.
12:54This is the data from 2024 to 2029.
12:58It's expected to be a map of Indonesia
13:01towards food estates.
13:04Okay. In 2024, it's preparation.
13:06Then, in 2025, production is expected to increase by 2.5 million tons.
13:10With an effort to fertilize 1 million hectares.
13:12Then, optimization of 61 estates.
13:14Then, in 2026,
13:16production is expected to increase by 5 million tons.
13:18And in 2027,
13:20it's expected to be a paddy field.
13:22And in 2008,
13:24we can export our food
13:26with a map of 1 million hectares paddy field.
13:29Then, we can export rice.
13:31In 2029, it's expected to be a global paddy field.
13:34Exporting rice.
13:36Then, there's also rice aid
13:38that we can do further.
13:40Next, location and land area
13:42of new paddy field.
13:44There's Merauke. I was surprised when I saw Prof. Dwi.
13:46There's Central Kalimantan.
13:48Then, South Kalimantan, South Sumatra,
13:50in Kalbar, Kaltim, Aceh, and North Sumatra.
13:53The average is quite big.
13:56Merauke is 1 million hectares.
13:58Then, the rest,
14:001 million hectares in West Kalimantan, East Aceh, and North Sumatra.
14:03Let's continue.
14:05We're having a conversation with Prof. Dwi
14:07and Ibu Aliza Mardian from Indonesia Corp.
14:09Prof. Dwi, let's talk about your efforts.
14:12You're directly involved in the effort
14:14of how we try to chase
14:16the food supply,
14:18food preservation, by doing extensification.
14:21Where is the bottleneck?
14:23Is it the different land conditions?
14:25Or is it the technology that we don't have yet
14:28to balance
14:30the quality of land
14:32that might be spread in Indonesia?
14:35Yes, clearly,
14:37as I often say,
14:39various rice asset projects
14:41hit the academic guidelines.
14:43What are the academic guidelines
14:45that we set?
14:47For the development of large-scale land,
14:51there are 4 pillars that need to be considered.
14:53What are the first pillars?
14:55According to land and climate standards.
14:57These pillars are often hit.
14:59Then, what's the second one?
15:01As Ms. Caca said,
15:03it's infrastructure.
15:05Infrastructure must be perfect.
15:07We can't just build a water infrastructure
15:09and then, well,
15:11it won't be able to be managed.
15:13And that infrastructure,
15:15water management,
15:17is what caused the failure
15:19of the 1 million hectares project in Central Kalimantan.
15:21Then, other than that,
15:23it's also the infrastructure of agriculture,
15:25to transfer input and output.
15:27Then, the third one,
15:29it's about culture and technology.
15:32Are there suitable varieties
15:34for the relevant areas?
15:36In our project in Central Kalimantan,
15:39we tested 12 best varieties
15:41in Indonesia.
15:43Varieties from IPB,
15:45AB2 API,
15:47and also from the Ministry of Agriculture.
15:49None of them succeeded.
15:51The production was only 0.85 tons per hectare.
15:53Then,
15:55what about technology?
15:57Is there a technology that is suitable
15:59and can be transferred there
16:01for hamma, trees, and so on?
16:03Then, the fourth one,
16:05and this is very important,
16:07especially if we want to develop in Merauke.
16:09The fourth one is
16:11social and economic.
16:13Well, this is social.
16:15We see it ourselves.
16:17We read it ourselves.
16:19Usually, social issues
16:21are related to land.
16:23So, that's what needs to be discussed again
16:25when we talk about labor.
16:27Okay.
16:33Yes.
16:39Okay.
16:45Wow.
16:51Okay.
16:57Hmm.
17:21Hmm. Okay, okay.
17:28Hmm.
17:54Okay.
17:58Hmm.
18:04Okay.
18:10Hmm.
18:27Hmm.
18:41Okay.
18:47Okay.
18:57Hmm.
19:13Okay.
19:28Okay.
20:05Yes, thank you for joining us
20:07in Market Review,
20:09and we will continue this interesting discussion
20:11with Prof. Duyan Riaz,
20:13a researcher from PPJ University,
20:15and Ms. Eliza Merian,
20:17a researcher from Indonesia.
20:19Okay, Ms. Eliza, this is a reminder
20:21of the location of new paddy fields
20:23that will be planted by the government,
20:253 million hectares.
20:27When you see the role of the regional government,
20:29is there also an involvement
20:31of regional finance in the regional government, for example?
20:35We know that
20:37each region still depends
20:39on the regional government
20:41to transfer
20:43from the center to the region, right?
20:45Okay.
20:46So, later from this center,
20:48there are various instruments
20:50that the funds go to the region.
20:52For example, there are physical and non-physical funds.
20:55These physical funds
20:57can be built from the infrastructure,
20:59such as irrigation,
21:01agricultural industry, etc.
21:03For the non-physical funds,
21:05there is a food security fund,
21:09where the amount of funds continues to increase.
21:11In 2025,
21:13it is estimated to be around Rp. 514 billion,
21:15if I'm not mistaken.
21:17What is the agenda
21:19in the food security budget?
21:21It is to increase the effectiveness
21:23of agriculture
21:25in the region,
21:27as well as to feed
21:29livestock,
21:31and the third one is
21:33to increase
21:35the quality of consumption
21:37of people's food.
21:39Maybe it's in the form of feed,
21:41or
21:43some kind of
21:45seeds for them to plant
21:47on their own in the farm or house.
21:49Okay.
21:51Then it goes back to
21:53each region's budget,
21:55how they manage the money.
21:57So, there are several instruments
21:59that go to the region.
22:01Often,
22:03this region does not have
22:05the same vision as the central government
22:07to increase
22:09food resources or reduce food security.
22:11That's why it needs
22:13a common vision.
22:15From the center to the region,
22:17it must be delivered well
22:19so that this region orchestrates
22:21various resources
22:23that they have to support
22:25the region. Because each region
22:27must have their own interests, right?
22:29It's not all about food.
22:31There are those who want to
22:33work in the agricultural sector,
22:35or other sectors.
22:37So, here it is important
22:39to deliver
22:41the same vision first to the region.
22:43Okay.
22:45So that they can optimally
22:47use the funds
22:49from the central government
22:51to the region.
22:53Okay. So, what is the strategy
22:55that must be done by the government?
22:57If it can provide
22:59the extension of the agricultural land,
23:01it can support the atmosphere
23:03of our food, especially rice,
23:05and maybe we can become
23:07a global breadwinner.
23:09Yes, as an addition,
23:11as Mr. Jata said earlier,
23:13in the central government, there is a budget
23:15called food security budget.
23:17What is the food security budget
23:19divided into? So, the
23:21subsidy for fertilizers is included in the food security budget.
23:23Okay. Then,
23:25the budget for the Ministry of Agriculture.
23:27Then,
23:29various other budgets and
23:31special allocation funds that will be sent
23:33to the region. All of that
23:35is called the food security budget.
23:37Well, how much is the food security budget
23:39for the Jokowi government
23:41from 2015 to 2024?
23:43It's
23:45Rp154 trillion
23:47in total. So, on average,
23:49it's about Rp92 trillion
23:51on average.
23:53Then, what is the result?
23:55We can see it ourselves. Almost
23:57half of the food security budget
23:59is for what?
24:01For the increase of paddy production.
24:03Then,
24:05does paddy production increase?
24:07On the contrary.
24:09In the last 10 years,
24:11our paddy production
24:13decreased by 1.04 percent
24:15per year.
24:17Per year, not in 10 years.
24:19Per year, it decreased by 1.04 percent
24:21on average.
24:23Then, our paddy production
24:25increased by 2 times.
24:27Our paddy production increased from
24:29Rp10.1 billion
24:31to
24:33Rp18.8 billion.
24:35From Rp10.1 billion
24:37to Rp18.8 billion.
24:39This resulted in a trade deficit
24:41of Rp8.9 billion
24:4310 years ago.
24:45Now, Rp16.3 billion
24:47is the total trade deficit
24:49of the food security community.
24:51So, that's the reality.
24:53We spend such a large budget
24:55for paddy production.
24:57So, this is a big question.
24:59Then, what about
25:01the efforts?
25:05The best thing is,
25:07this is our suggestion,
25:09to design a program that will almost fail.
25:11One of them is food estate.
25:13We will spend
25:15tens of trillions of rupiahs
25:17for something that will fail.
25:19It's better
25:21if we develop it for other
25:23things that will
25:25increase production.
25:27We, in 2020-2021,
25:29will accompany BUMN
25:31to carry out a large-scale project
25:33at SHS
25:35Sang Yang Sri, PT Sang Yang Sri Sukamandi.
25:37As large as
25:391,000 hectares.
25:41From those 1,000 hectares,
25:43we,
25:45with the use of technology,
25:47and management,
25:49can increase production
25:51by 30%.
25:53Almost 30%
25:55can be imagined.
25:57So,
25:59we need to find a gap.
26:01Why is there a difference
26:03in production
26:05from reality?
26:07For example,
26:09our paddy varieties
26:11produce 8-11 tons
26:13per hectare.
26:15But in reality,
26:17our production is only
26:195-5.3 tons.
26:21So, there is a big gap.
26:23We need to find that gap.
26:25So, it's always related to food estate.
26:27Why don't we just develop
26:29transmigration?
26:31Because transmigration is necessary
26:33sometimes.
26:35And sometimes,
26:37maybe it's not sexy enough.
26:39But it shows
26:41success in many places.
26:43For example,
26:45my family
26:47produces 5 acres,
26:492 acres for food estate,
26:512 acres for plantation,
26:53and the rest for horticulture.
26:55So,
26:57the important thing
26:59is how we can
27:01improve agriculture.
27:03This is the most important key.
27:05In the last 2 years,
27:07it's been on the track with
27:09what the National Agriculture Board has done.
27:11By increasing the HPP twice,
27:13the NPTU has planted
27:15107 acres in 2023.
27:17And this year,
27:19it's 110 acres.
27:21That's from 98.5,
27:23the average of NPTU in 2021-2022.
27:25So, that's the most important key
27:27to improve agriculture,
27:29in terms of motivation,
27:31production,
27:33and conversion.
27:35So, intensification efforts
27:37must be optimized.
27:41And also, how to improve
27:43the farmer's health,
27:45so that they are more motivated
27:47to do their activities
27:49in the agriculture sector.
27:51So, the output will also
27:53give an extraordinary result
27:55in the form of agricultural products in Indonesia.
27:57Prof. Dwi, thank you very much
27:59for your time and sharing.
28:01Then, Mrs. Elisa, thank you
28:03for the sharing and analysis
28:05that you have given to us today.
28:07Good luck with your activities.
28:09Stay healthy, Prof. Dwi.
28:11Thank you, Mrs. Elisa.
28:13Thank you, Prof. Tres.
28:15Thank you, Prof.
28:17Don't go anywhere,
28:19because we will be back
28:21with another interesting topic
28:23related to the continuation
28:25of the Indonesia-Indonesia
28:27Economic Cooperation.