Accrochez-vous, car nous nous apprêtons à embarquer dans une aventure époustouflante à travers une collection de faits étonnants. Des anecdotes culinaires originales qui laisseront vos papilles en émoi aux révélations stupéfiantes sur le règne animal, il y en a pour tous les goûts. Nous découvrirons des vérités surprenantes sur le corps humain qui vous feront dire : "Whoa, je ne savais pas ça !" Et si cela ne suffit pas à susciter votre intérêt, nous partirons même en voyage dans les profondeurs de l'espace pour élucider quelques mystères cosmiques. Préparez-vous à être stupéfait, car dans cette collection, les secrets cachés et les mythes vont être dévoilés ! Animation créée par Sympa.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
http://sympa-sympa.com
Category
😹
FunTranscript
00:00 Many people think that the Toa are blind.
00:03 In fact, these little mammals are seeing, but their sight is very weak,
00:07 because they are only used to recognize the light.
00:10 They are also daltonian.
00:12 When they are looking for food in the darkness of the underground,
00:15 these creatures rely mainly on their touch and their smell.
00:19 Their sense of touch is very developed and allows them to feel the vibrations of the ground.
00:24 This helps them to avoid danger or to find their meal more easily,
00:28 which is composed of a thousand legs, worms and other invertebrates.
00:32 They dig quite quickly, advancing several centimeters per minute.
00:37 Hibernating animals do not do so because it is too cold to stay outside in winter,
00:41 but because there is not enough food during this period.
00:44 When an animal hibernates, its heart rate, temperature, breathing
00:49 and other metabolic activities slow down considerably.
00:53 They then conserve their energy. Tamas, bats, turtles and snakes hibernate during winter,
01:00 which allows them to save energy for other seasons,
01:04 when they will be more able to get food.
01:07 If you think of bears, they are not real hibernators.
01:11 And if you try to pet one during winter, thinking it is sleeping, you may be very surprised.
01:17 They are slow, they sleep for long periods, but they do not necessarily hibernate during the whole winter
01:23 and you can easily wake them up during their sleep.
01:26 And finally, the eagle-eared bears will not put two in your ears.
01:31 Despite their name, your ears do not interest them.
01:34 At least, there is nothing to prove it.
01:37 They prefer to spend their time in dark and humid places,
01:40 such as under the bark of trees or in the ground.
01:43 So, be calm.
01:45 Are you looking for something viscous?
01:47 Many people tend to believe that snails are only limas with a shell.
01:52 But even if they look a lot alike, they are completely different species.
01:56 Limas do not need protective shells, because all their internal organs are, well, internal,
02:03 that is to say, located inside their viscous body.
02:06 They can compress and penetrate difficult places to access.
02:10 This is why we often find limas in the most unlikely places, such as under the bark of trees or in tiny little holes,
02:17 or at the library pretending to study for exams.
02:21 However, snails are very dependent on their shells and cannot survive without them.
02:27 Unlike the Bernard the Hermit, who renews their shells as they grow up,
02:31 snails are born with a shell on their back.
02:33 Baby snails are also adorable with their fragile translucent bubbles, which calcify and become larger and more resistant as they age.
02:42 Many internal organs of snails are also located inside the shell,
02:47 which means that if it is crushed or damaged, the animal will probably not survive.
02:53 However, a snail can repair the small cracks in its shell using protein and calcium secreted by its mantle.
03:00 Turtles are also very close to snails in this regard,
03:04 because unlike the common myth, they cannot leave their shell on a headshot.
03:09 The shell of a turtle is an integral part of its body,
03:12 and even if the reptile can hide its head and legs inside to protect itself from predators,
03:18 its skeleton is fused with the hard shell.
03:21 And like the skeleton of any other animal, it grows up with the turtle itself.
03:26 Koalas only eat eucalyptus leaves, but there are more than 600 different varieties,
03:32 and koalas only eat 30, or only 5% of what is available on the menu.
03:37 So it must be a very specific eucalyptus for a difficult koala to accommodate.
03:43 These adorable creatures also have something in common with cats, they sleep 18 to 20 hours a day.
03:49 Polar bears are not white, their skin is black under their fur,
03:53 but they need white to camouflage themselves while hunting.
03:57 Black absorbs the sun better than any other,
04:00 while white fur does not stop the light from the sun, the rays cross it.
04:05 In a way, a polar bear has a rather transparent fur.
04:09 There is a myth that says that cats and dogs see the world in black and white.
04:14 In reality, they simply cannot distinguish certain colors.
04:18 Nobody knows exactly how dogs see.
04:21 Some think they only distinguish two colors.
04:24 It could be blue and yellow, for what we know,
04:27 but they can perceive the shades of other colors better than humans.
04:31 And cats have a wonderful night vision.
04:34 They need about 7 times less light than humans to see in the dark.
04:40 It was thought that giraffes were silent,
04:42 but it was recently discovered that they emitted low-frequency sounds at night to communicate with each other.
04:48 During the day, they do not say a word and mutually warn of danger in a very unusual way,
04:53 by moving their very developed eyebrows.
04:56 It is likely that at night it is more difficult for them to distinguish the eyebrows from their peers,
05:01 which is why they start talking for real.
05:04 Still about giraffes, these animals sleep well more than 30 minutes a day,
05:08 but probably not as much as you.
05:10 Their sleeping rhythm is quite typical.
05:12 After watching a herd of giraffes,
05:14 researchers discovered that they slept at night and took short naps in the afternoon.
05:19 In total, each giraffe has about 5 hours of sleep per day.
05:23 And besides, a herd of giraffes is actually called a "giraffe tower".
05:27 It's pretty logical, knowing that they have such a long neck.
05:30 Seagulls can drink salty water.
05:33 They have glands secreting salt near their eyes.
05:36 These glands quickly purify sea water,
05:39 and the salty residue comes out through their nostrils.
05:42 Salty morphine, in a way.
05:44 Adélie's chubs are truly romantic.
05:47 They have only one partner for life.
05:49 The male offers a smooth stone to the female to start a family,
05:53 a bit like a ring of engagement.
05:55 But as with humans, the penguin female can refuse the gift.
06:00 Speaking of animal love, foxes are also romantic.
06:04 Males make good father and husband,
06:06 and they are devoted to their loved ones for life.
06:08 They take care of the females and even take the chicks out of their burrow.
06:12 They improve the terrier and actively participate in the education of their young.
06:17 Dolphins can sleep with one eye closed and the other open.
06:20 Half of the brain rests and dreams,
06:23 while the other half scans the environment in search of signs of danger.
06:27 The perfect brain to sleep during classes and boring meetings.
06:32 In addition, dolphins manually control their breathing.
06:35 If both parts of their brain slept at the same time, they could simply drown.
06:40 Sea otters are the most adorable sleepers in the animal kingdom.
06:44 In summer, because of the heat, sea otters spend all their time in the water.
06:49 They swim on their backs and sleep in this position.
06:52 Babies sleep on their mother's belly,
06:54 and adults hold on to their legs so as not to be separated by the currents.
06:59 Ostriches do not bury their heads in the sand when they feel threatened.
07:03 In fact, they never run away from their heads.
07:06 This myth spread because of the famous expression "do the ostrich policy".
07:11 In reality, ostriches dig holes in the sand for their eggs,
07:15 because they are birds that are unable to fly.
07:18 To make sure that they are evenly heated,
07:20 ostriches dive their heads in to turn the eggs from time to time.
07:25 But these animals still have a certain propensity for flight.
07:28 When they face a threat,
07:30 they can drop on the sand and remain perfectly still,
07:33 pretending not to be alive.
07:36 According to a popular belief and rumored,
07:38 sharks could only breathe by moving,
07:40 because swimming helps them push water through their gills.
07:44 Although many types of sharks are actually designed this way,
07:48 many others, like the sea otters,
07:50 which swim in the deep water,
07:52 do not need to swim to pump rich oxygen water into their gills.
07:57 However, all sharks are devoid of swimming gills,
08:00 so if they stop swimming, they will probably sink to the bottom of the water.
08:04 But fortunately, the body of a shark cannot be compressed.
08:07 This is why descents or quick climbs are safe for them.
08:11 Scientists in Japan have listened to cat audio recordings
08:15 to prove that they were really edemic.
08:18 In these recordings, the owners of the cats called them by their names.
08:21 The cats' nipples were dilated and the animals moved their tails,
08:25 their paws or their ears.
08:27 They heard the calls, but they rarely answered.
08:30 It's a matter of evolution.
08:32 Cats have become close to humans
08:34 because they were attracted to mice that ate our cereals.
08:37 They lived with people, but were never really taught.
08:41 And yet we continue to feed them.
08:43 Birds are actually among the last survivors.
08:45 I bet you've never heard of undulation,
08:48 but it's a system that could well be hidden in your pantry right now.
08:54 Have you ever noticed these grooves on the can boxes?
08:57 That's exactly what they are.
08:59 And they're not just there for the looks.
09:01 First of all, they make the can box extra resistant.
09:05 It's because they can help it avoid cracking during the manufacturing process.
09:10 In addition, these grooves are useful when delivering,
09:14 acting as an armor to ensure that there is no loss.
09:18 They are also useful in the long run
09:20 because they help keep the can boxes in their original form.
09:24 Even when the ambient environment becomes too hot or too cold,
09:28 these undulations allow them to breathe a little.
09:31 They expand and contract without breaking the metal.
09:34 You may not notice any cracks on ordinary can boxes,
09:39 but even the smallest opening can pave the way for nasty bacteria
09:44 to come into contact with the food,
09:47 without forgetting that they create this little air space.
09:50 So when you open the can, everything slides easily,
09:53 without you having to make a lot of effort.
09:55 Do you know what doesn't require a lot of effort either?
09:58 Click on the subscribe button and like this video.
10:02 Did you know that there is a plant so eager to reach the sun
10:05 that you can hear its growth?
10:08 The rhubarb, just before being harvested in the fields,
10:11 absorbs as many sun rays as possible to produce glucose.
10:15 After this tanning session, it is transported to dark hangars.
10:19 Inside, it continues to grow and uses the glucose stored as fuel.
10:24 So far, nothing abnormal.
10:26 But in this dark, warm and comfortable place,
10:29 the rhubarb begins to behave strangely.
10:32 This environment pushes the plant to stretch,
10:35 in the hope of finding the sun's rays again.
10:38 And it happens so quickly that you can really hear
10:42 the stems grow and the bourjons make noise when they burst.
10:46 To ensure that this process takes place without any problems,
10:49 no light is allowed.
10:51 If the light reaches the rhubarb at this stage,
10:53 it will resume its photosynthesis and become bitter.
10:56 Speaking of our daily shopping,
10:59 you may have noticed that the vegetable bags
11:01 had green stripes.
11:03 Know that this is a subtle optical illusion.
11:06 These stripes deceive our eyes
11:09 by making them believe that vegetables are much greener
11:12 than they really are.
11:14 And there are not only vegetables that benefit from this special packaging.
11:17 Oranges are often sold in red-striped bags for the same reason.
11:22 Lemons?
11:23 We opt for yellow or green bags
11:25 to get the same sparkle of color.
11:28 If your culinary skills are not terrible
11:31 and you are afraid to spoil the dinner again,
11:34 put on the mushrooms.
11:36 Because they are almost impossible to overcook.
11:39 Unlike vegetables, which turn into broth when overcooked,
11:43 mushrooms are much more resistant.
11:46 They have an interesting substance,
11:48 called chitin,
11:50 a molecular structure that works like armor.
11:53 So you can cook them indefinitely.
11:56 They will keep their consistency.
11:59 Donuts have no holes to facilitate their handling.
12:02 If you have already tried to make them at home,
12:05 you may have noticed that when you fry the dough,
12:08 the outside cooks quickly, thanks to the boiling oil.
12:11 If you want the inside to be just as well cooked,
12:14 you should leave it in the oil for much longer,
12:17 but the outside would then become too brown.
12:20 Thanks to this hole in the middle,
12:22 the heat reaches both sides equally,
12:25 creating a perfect beignet.
12:27 Here's how this little piece of paper
12:29 ends up in your Chinese biscuit.
12:31 First, we cook these biscuits flat, like crepes.
12:34 Then, when they are still hot and malleable,
12:37 we slide these little messages inside.
12:40 When the biscuits cool down,
12:42 they harden and retain their shape,
12:45 trapping the prediction inside
12:47 like a tasty time capsule.
12:49 According to legend, these Asian snacks
12:52 were initially intended to help people
12:54 send all kinds of secret messages
12:56 without arousing suspicion.
12:58 Here's a little tip for every time
13:00 you buy a meal in a fast food restaurant.
13:02 Avoid the word "extra" when ordering.
13:05 The moment you use this term,
13:07 you encourage the waiters to charge you more.
13:10 Choose something like "a little more like this, please"
13:14 when ordering a special burrito.
13:17 According to a British study,
13:19 cheese is the most frequently stolen food in the world.
13:23 It is estimated that about 4% of all cheese
13:26 simply disappears from stores.
13:28 And no, it's not mice that steal it,
13:31 it's people.
13:32 Why?
13:33 Because cheese is getting more and more expensive.
13:36 Its price keeps rising,
13:38 and rused thieves try to make easy money
13:41 by simply making it disappear from the shelves.
13:43 There's more than just cheese, however.
13:45 Other interesting elements on the list of thefts
13:48 include fresh meat, chocolate and seafood.
13:51 Ferrero, the company that produces these delicious Nutella jars,
13:55 needs about 25% of the world's hazelnut production each year.
13:59 So, if you think about it,
14:01 a hazelnut out of four ends up in a chocolate jar.
14:04 Manufacturers get these hazelnuts
14:06 in Turkey, Italy and Chile,
14:09 making sure they are delivered
14:11 from both hemispheres to keep them fresh.
14:15 The impact of Nutella on the economy
14:17 is even more important than you think.
14:19 Because of this high demand,
14:21 the price of hazelnuts has climbed sharply.
14:24 In 2014, the frost hit Turkey's hazelnuts.
14:27 Half of the production was lost,
14:29 and prices rose as a result.
14:31 Even places like New Jersey
14:34 are trying to grow these hazelnuts,
14:36 which are worthy of Nutella.
14:38 A popular saying goes, "We are what we eat."
14:41 And it turns out that our intestines
14:43 are also there to make us happy.
14:45 Serotonin is the hormone for well-being.
14:47 It's also a neurotransmitter,
14:49 a function that many of us
14:51 would immediately associate with the brain.
14:53 However, it's interesting to note
14:55 that only 25% of human body serotonin
14:57 is produced in our digestive tract.
14:59 We are many to use the words "herb"
15:01 and "spice" without much distinction.
15:03 But it's a different seasoning.
15:05 Spices come from all parts of a plant or tree,
15:08 such as the root, the seed or the bark,
15:11 while herbs are only the leaves of the plant.
15:14 Spices are generally added to food
15:16 during cooking and roasting.
15:18 Herbs release their aroma faster,
15:20 which is why we add them
15:22 earlier at the end of cooking.
15:24 Have you ever felt like you were being watched
15:26 to realize you were perfectly right?
15:28 This feeling, similar to Spiderman's sixth sense,
15:30 is called "eye detection."
15:32 Your brain quickly detects if someone
15:34 is staring at you.
15:36 Science explains this phenomenon
15:38 as a kind of defense mechanism.
15:40 A direct look can be interpreted
15:42 as an attempt to dominate,
15:44 which could be a potential threat.
15:46 Man has developed this ability over time.
15:48 Curiously, it only works when
15:50 the other person is looking at you directly.
15:52 If you look to the left or to the right,
15:54 your brain won't react in the same way.
15:56 What about this urge to watch
15:58 your favorite movies again
16:00 or to listen to the same songs over and over?
16:02 You're not alone in this.
16:04 This habit has positive effects on your mental health
16:06 because it's a calming behavior.
16:08 When people feel overwhelmed,
16:10 they have less self-control
16:12 and are much less inclined to do difficult tasks.
16:14 You willingly dive back into the first season
16:16 of The Office because when you watch,
16:18 listen or do something familiar,
16:20 you don't have to try to decrypt
16:22 what you think.
16:24 It's a good way to get your ideas in order.
16:26 Here's another feeling.
16:28 Imagine that you're enjoying
16:30 a beautiful sunset on a balcony
16:32 or better, at the top of the Eiffel Tower.
16:34 And your inner voice is whispering to you,
16:36 "What if I jumped?"
16:38 Well, it's not necessarily the result of a depressive state.
16:40 You see, it's just a kind of feeling
16:42 that happens when you're high.
16:44 There's a name for it.
16:46 It's the "emptiness" or "height" phenomenon.
16:48 It's a relatively new research subject
16:50 but several studies are underway.
16:52 You'll probably remember
16:54 Jim Carrey's incredible performance
16:56 in The Truman Show.
16:58 But did you know that the Truman Show-like delirium
17:00 actually existed?
17:02 This phenomenon is a result of cognitive neuropsychiatry.
17:04 People with this syndrome
17:06 believe that they are filmed
17:08 and that images are used for entertainment.
17:10 There was a time when aluminum
17:14 was even more precious than gold.
17:16 It's hard to believe.
17:18 Today, we're eating our sandwiches
17:20 in this daily news article.
17:22 In the 19th century, however,
17:24 aluminum was a very difficult element to obtain.
17:26 Indeed, it was literally
17:28 impossible to find until innovations
17:30 allowed to extract it on a large scale.
17:32 Thus, the "Kingdom of Aluminum" ended.
17:34 It is said that Emperor Napoleon III
17:36 even had aluminum covers
17:38 that he reserved for his guests
17:40 from Mars.
17:42 We could all as well
17:44 mention a time traveler's party
17:46 that took place in 2009.
17:48 Physicist and theorist Stephen Hawking
17:50 invited time travelers
17:52 from all over the world to go.
17:54 There was a big banner
17:56 with the words "Welcome Time Travelers"
17:58 and no one showed up.
18:00 But maybe these travelers had other commitments
18:02 that prevented them from attending the party.
18:04 I swear I'm not crying because
18:06 no one came to my great party.
18:08 I was just cutting onions.
18:10 Why are we crying when we cut them?
18:12 Because of a particular enzyme,
18:14 the synthesis of the lacrimogenic factor.
18:16 Is there a solution?
18:18 Well, next time, take a wet paper towel
18:20 and put it on the cutting board
18:22 right next to the onion.
18:24 The acidity produced by the enzyme will be captured
18:26 by the wet paper rather than by your eyes.
18:28 The calendar of ancient Egypt
18:30 was quite similar to the one we use today.
18:32 It counted 365 days
18:34 divided into 12 months.
18:36 But instead of adding a 31st day to some months,
18:38 it kept these extra days
18:40 for the end of the year.
18:42 Let's turn our goals again
18:44 to the animal kingdom.
18:46 Is there any advantage to the fact that zebras
18:48 have this fascinating pattern?
18:50 Scientists have also looked into the matter
18:52 and have done some experiments.
18:54 They have made coats of horses
18:56 resembling the coat of zebras.
18:58 The coat covered the whole horse body
19:00 except for their heads.
19:02 And it turns out that this zebra pattern repels flies.
19:04 Scientists have observed that
19:06 they only attacked the head of animals
19:08 that were standing at a distance from their bodies.
19:10 Ants are known to be hard-working creatures
19:12 even in the fables of the fountain.
19:14 And this is reflected in real life.
19:16 They can lift up to 20 times
19:18 their own weight.
19:20 These insects also have
19:22 other remarkable qualities.
19:24 So if an ant is seriously injured,
19:26 it will refuse to be cared for
19:28 by its congeners.
19:30 The ant knows that it will not survive.
19:32 So instead of wasting the resources of the colony,
19:34 it will force its nursing ants
19:36 to continue without it.
19:38 Camels can survive for about 15 days
19:40 without any access to water.
19:42 Many people think they store this water in their butt.
19:44 But no, these butts are used to store
19:46 food in the form of fat.
19:48 The water, on the other hand, is kept in the blood.
19:50 Speaking of camels, in some countries,
19:52 there is a tradition that consists
19:54 of organizing beauty contests.
19:56 For example, such a contest was organized
19:58 on the eve of the 2022 World Cup
20:00 in Qatar as a form of attraction.
20:02 You see a huge fly in your house
20:04 but it easily escapes
20:06 your quick ninja moves.
20:08 You may think that nature will take care of it in a few days.
20:10 But know that in reality,
20:12 domestic flies can live up to a month or two.
20:14 The following is about
20:16 emergency situations on the road.
20:18 The removable headrests of cars
20:20 can help you escape from a vehicle.
20:22 If it is impossible for you to open the doors,
20:24 you can always break the glass
20:26 using these headrests.
20:28 All you have to do is jam the rods
20:30 between the glass and its edge.
20:32 Then, use the headrest as hard as possible
20:34 to break the glass safely.
20:36 You may have to hit several times
20:38 but the glass will eventually break.
20:40 Do not give up after the first try
20:42 and do not be shy, it's a matter of survival.
20:44 That's all for today.
20:46 Do not hesitate to share your anecdotes with us.
20:48 In case you are wondering,
20:50 this is an important sensor.
20:52 It is linked to the outside temperature.
20:54 It is activated in case of road alert
20:56 due to a sudden drop in temperature.
20:58 It is activated in case of road alert
21:00 due to a sudden drop in temperature.
21:02 It can sometimes be accompanied
21:04 by a sound warning or a message
21:06 on the dashboard to inform you
21:08 that the roads may be icy
21:10 so that you can adjust your speed
21:12 or change tires if necessary.
21:14 Nowadays, cars are not only suitable
21:16 for the cold season.
21:18 They also have interesting functions
21:20 for the summer months,
21:22 including sun visors.
21:24 Check if your car is equipped
21:26 with this additional device.
21:28 They can be removed to help the driver
21:30 even when he is not driving directly
21:32 in the sun.
21:34 Some sun visors can also be stretched
21:36 to shade a larger surface.
21:38 If yours does not do so,
21:40 there is a simple solution.
21:42 Buy an additional sun visor
21:44 that you can even find online.
21:46 It is fixed on existing sun visors
21:48 or on the windows
21:50 for better coverage and better visibility.
21:52 It is possible that your car
21:54 has another hidden function.
21:56 In fact, it is not in the car
21:58 but in the tires.
22:00 Nowadays, some cars
22:02 are equipped with foam tires.
22:04 They were created to solve
22:06 punctures on air-filled tires.
22:08 Foam tires have the same advantages
22:12 as inflated tires,
22:14 but without the risk of leaking.
22:16 Inflated tires can sometimes
22:18 lose air over time,
22:20 even if they have not been damaged.
22:24 In most cars equipped with this function,
22:26 the tires are not entirely filled
22:28 with foam or air,
22:30 but a mixture of the two.
22:32 An advantage of these modern tires
22:38 is that they make cars quieter.
22:40 In general, electric cars
22:42 make less noise,
22:44 but thanks to this foam,
22:46 they are as quiet as a cat.
22:48 Some people prefer
22:50 that they are quiet,
22:52 like a classic engine
22:54 and a petrol engine.
22:56 But even drivers who like
22:58 the noise of a classic engine
23:00 can appreciate the silence
23:02 of these new models,
23:04 because they are still very fast.
23:06 You may have come across
23:08 a button called AEB,
23:10 which is the English acronym
23:12 for automatic emergency braking.
23:14 It is a function that uses sensors
23:16 to detect if a collision is imminent.
23:18 When it is activated,
23:20 the sensors detect if the car is moving
23:22 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:24 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:26 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:28 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:30 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:32 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:34 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:36 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:38 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:40 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:42 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:44 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:46 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:48 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:50 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:52 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:54 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:56 or if it is moving at a certain speed
23:58 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:00 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:02 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:04 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:06 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:08 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:10 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:12 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:14 or if it is moving at a certain speed
24:16 It does not replace the road-going tension
24:18 but it can guide you in the curves
24:20 but it can guide you in the curves
24:22 You keep control of the car
24:24 and you can turn the wheel
24:26 if you want to take another direction
24:28 Some systems provide a lot of assistance
24:30 while others are more subtle
24:32 In any case, the centering assistance
24:34 cannot handle tight corners
24:36 and in most cars
24:38 it does not work if the speed regulator
24:40 is not activated
24:42 What is also interesting with this function
24:44 is that if it detects that you have
24:46 taken your hands off the wheel
24:48 it alerts you to take the right driving position
24:50 Many accidents can occur
24:54 when you are driving backwards
24:56 for example, to get out of a supermarket parking lot
24:58 parking sensors can help you
25:00 to prevent these accidents
25:02 by using a radar or a sound
25:04 to detect elements that the driver
25:06 may not see
25:08 These sensors emit a noise
25:10 or display a warning on the car screen
25:12 to warn the driver of an obstacle
25:14 like another vehicle or pedestrian
25:16 If you plan to travel by car
25:20 you know how difficult it is
25:22 to adapt to the different speed limits
25:24 in force in each country
25:26 The recognition of the signage panels
25:28 is a technology that can help
25:30 to solve this problem
25:32 It allows you to know the speed limit
25:34 on the road you are driving
25:36 It uses a camera to take pictures of the panels
25:38 and display them on a screen in the car
25:40 It can be useful if the panels are hard to see
25:42 or if you missed them while driving
25:44 Some cars equipped with this technology
25:46 can even automatically change their speed
25:48 depending on the panels they see
25:50 This technology is mainly present
25:54 in high-end cars, but it is more and more widespread
25:56 The road safety organization in the United States
26:02 has carried out studies
26:04 that show that every year
26:06 up to 6,000 drivers have serious accidents
26:08 simply because they are too tired
26:10 Of course, it would be great
26:12 if cars were equipped with a coffee maker
26:14 or a shower to keep you awake
26:16 during long driving days
26:18 But some are equipped with a system
26:20 that can detect if you start to fall asleep
26:22 Sensors monitor your movements
26:24 when you are sitting in your seat
26:26 They especially observe
26:28 the way you turn the wheel
26:30 and move the car
26:32 If they detect that you are a little too tired
26:34 to continue, they make a noise
26:36 to notify you of the message on the dashboard
26:38 inviting you to take a break
26:40 Some of these systems even display
26:42 the image of a coffee cup
26:44 to remind you to stop at the next gas station
26:46 It could save your life one day
26:48 I bet you dream of traveling
26:50 to the depths of space
26:52 But I'm just as sure
26:54 that you don't even know half of all the incredible things
26:56 that happen in our solar system
26:58 There are ice volcanoes on Pluto
27:00 A giant planet
27:02 that may be hidden
27:04 on the periphery of our solar system
27:06 And a canyon the size of the United States
27:08 on Mars
27:10 Let's see all of this
27:12 First of all
27:14 let's get closer to our sun
27:16 It is incredibly massive
27:18 Do you want proof?
27:20 Well, 96% of the total mass of the solar system
27:22 comes from the sun
27:24 Especially hydrogen
27:26 and helium
27:28 which it is composed of
27:30 The remaining 14%
27:32 mainly comes from the mass of the 8 planets
27:34 of the solar system
27:36 And I live on one of them
27:38 And you may not have noticed
27:40 but we live inside the sun
27:42 Wait
27:44 I don't mean that we are the inhabitants
27:46 of this reddish light ball
27:48 located at about 150 million kilometers
27:50 But the atmosphere of the sun
27:52 extends well beyond its visible surface
27:54 And our planet
27:56 is just within its reach
27:58 In fact
28:00 it is the solar wind gusts
28:02 that create this stunning phenomenon
28:04 that are the auroras Boreal and Austral
28:06 And since we are talking about the solar system
28:08 you must know that it is already
28:10 4.6 billion years old
28:12 Ah
28:14 We came to this conclusion
28:16 by studying the oldest materials
28:18 that we could find
28:20 I mean meteorites, of course
28:22 The solar system is also incredibly large
28:24 You would have to travel
28:26 17 billion kilometers from Earth
28:28 before reaching the limits
28:30 Think of the premium of great travelers
28:32 that you would get
28:34 Uranus's axis of rotation is very inclined
28:36 and astronomers are not sure
28:38 why
28:40 Maybe because of super powerful collisions
28:42 that took place a long time ago
28:44 But this is still just a theory
28:46 Meanwhile, Uranus
28:48 is lying on its side
28:50 Its equator is almost at right angle
28:52 compared to its orbit
28:54 Jupiter's ocean
28:56 is the largest of the solar system
28:58 But wait
29:00 It has nothing to do with what you know
29:02 Jupiter's ocean
29:04 is not made of water
29:06 It contains metallic hydrogen
29:08 and has a stunning depth of 40,000 km
29:10 It almost corresponds
29:12 to the circumference of the Earth
29:14 Earth's volcanoes are different
29:18 from Pluto's
29:20 as different as fire and ice
29:22 And I mean that literally
29:24 Up to this point, volcanoes spit out
29:26 a burning lava
29:28 Pluto's volcano spits out ice
29:30 When it is frozen,
29:32 water expands
29:34 and a huge pressure accumulates
29:36 until, boom, ice erupts
29:38 A new cryovolcano is formed
29:40 In fact,
29:42 as you may remember,
29:44 Pluto was a planet
29:46 But this title was removed from it in 2006
29:48 by some bureaucrats of astronomy
29:50 Later,
29:52 Pluto was re-classified as a dwarf planet
29:54 But the most unexpected fact
29:56 about this space body
29:58 is that its diameter is smaller
30:00 than the United States'
30:02 Look, the biggest distance
30:04 from one end to the other of the country
30:06 from Maine to North California
30:08 is about 400-300 km
30:10 And Pluto's diameter
30:12 is only 2,400 km
30:14 Even a tiny space body
30:16 can have its moon
30:18 In 1993,
30:20 the Galileo probe passed
30:22 next to a miniature asteroid
30:24 which was not more than 32 km in diameter
30:26 Imagine the surprise
30:28 astronomers had
30:30 when they discovered
30:32 that this little thing
30:34 had a moon of 1.7 V
30:36 Since then, scientists have found
30:38 tons of moons orbiting
30:40 the minor planets of our solar system
30:42 They reign on Io, Jupiter's moon
30:44 an eternal chaos
30:46 because of the hundreds of volcanoes
30:48 If you decide to visit this place,
30:50 you will see the smoke of these volcanoes
30:52 rising very high in the atmosphere
30:54 At any moment here, on Earth,
30:56 you can come across a rock from Mars
30:58 After analyzing
31:00 the chemical content of some meteorites
31:02 found in the Sahara Desert,
31:04 in Antarctica and in other places
31:06 on our planet,
31:08 scientists came to the shocking conclusion
31:10 that many of them
31:12 were of Martian origin
31:14 In many science fiction movies,
31:16 the main character
31:18 accidentally finds himself in an asteroid belt
31:20 and has to redouble his efforts
31:22 to avoid the countless rocks
31:24 threatening his ship
31:26 Well, this has nothing to do with reality
31:28 The only asteroid belt
31:30 that astronomers know
31:32 is located between Mars and Jupiter
31:34 There are thousands of asteroids in this region
31:36 but they are so spaced
31:38 that the risk of collision
31:40 is almost zero
31:42 Beyond Neptune's orbit,
31:44 the belt of Jupiter
31:46 is filled with massive and icy objects
31:48 The most curious thing
31:50 about this space formation
31:52 is that scientists
31:54 can't explain its movement
31:56 Their only explanation
31:58 is that Neptune
32:00 could hide a huge planet
32:02 This hypothetical planet
32:04 has already received the name of "Planet 9"
32:06 And we just have to wait
32:08 for its existence to be confirmed
32:10 Or not
32:12 Unlike what we usually believe,
32:14 there is water everywhere in the solar system
32:16 Someone should maybe sponge it
32:18 It's a fairly common component
32:20 of comets and asteroids
32:22 You can find water
32:24 in the shaded craters of the Moon
32:26 and Mercury
32:28 Mars also has ice on its poles
32:30 It's the same for the smallest members
32:32 of the solar system
32:34 like the planet 9SRS
32:36 or the moon of Saturn, Encelade
32:38 Astronomers even think that Europe,
32:40 the planet of Jupiter,
32:42 could have a little life
32:44 Under its frozen and cracked surface,
32:46 there is probably liquid water
32:48 Europe is smaller than Earth
32:50 But it could hide a giant and very deep ocean
32:52 containing twice as much water
32:54 as all the oceans of our planet combined
32:56 Try it, you'll see
32:58 Pinch your elbow as hard as you can
33:00 You barely feel the pain
33:02 How does it feel?
33:04 Nervous endings are different
33:06 depending on the regions of the body
33:08 This one is more sensitive
33:10 to pain in the most fragile and risky areas
33:12 These areas have more
33:14 nervous endings
33:16 so that we react faster
33:18 to protect ourselves
33:20 And the thick skin, like the elbows,
33:22 has less pain detectors
33:24 But I'm not talking about that
33:26 tingling and sudden pain
33:28 you feel when you pinch your elbow
33:30 It's a bit like if your arm
33:32 had been electrocuted
33:34 I wouldn't say that this feeling is funny
33:36 even if English speakers
33:38 talk about a funny bone
33:40 which would be the cause
33:42 even if it's not a bone
33:44 It's a nerve that starts from your spine
33:46 goes through your neck,
33:48 through your elbow
33:50 and ends up in your fingers
33:52 Its real name is the ulnar nerve
33:54 It's one of the three main nerves
33:56 of your arm
33:58 and it transmits the sensations
34:00 at the tip of your fingers
34:02 Your ulnar nerve is well protected
34:04 by the skin around your elbow
34:06 It's a different version
34:08 of the Achilles heel
34:10 Now you know why it's funny
34:12 when you pinch your elbow
34:14 and why you feel nothing
34:16 when you pinch your skin
34:18 The next phenomenon
34:20 also concerns our most annoying movements
34:22 But not only
34:24 It can also happen when you see
34:26 the person you love
34:28 I'm talking about blush
34:30 There's no butterflies in your stomach
34:32 But I'm sure of this
34:34 When you blush,
34:36 the wall of your stomach blushes too
34:38 Yes, I looked carefully
34:40 The mucous membrane of the stomach
34:42 protects the walls of this organ
34:44 and the acid it contains
34:46 When you blush, it blushes too
34:48 because the blushes occur
34:50 when our blood rises to the surface of our skin
34:52 And it also affects the stomach
34:54 It's a natural process,
34:56 a physiological response to a change of emotion
34:58 And since we're talking about the stomach
35:00 remember that the gastric fluid
35:02 can melt a steel table
35:04 It means that this acid
35:06 can digest your internal organs
35:08 Fortunately, the wall of your stomach
35:10 prevents this from happening
35:12 Now we're going to talk about
35:14 the fact that you shine in the dark
35:16 Don't turn off the lights yet
35:18 You can't see that with the naked eye
35:20 These images of sparkling human bodies
35:22 come from ultra-sensitive cameras
35:24 Japanese scientists
35:26 were the first to imagine
35:28 the human bioluminescence
35:30 Only these ultra-sensitive cameras
35:32 can detect the tiny amounts of light
35:34 that our body emits
35:36 Because this light is a thousand times
35:38 less than what the human eye can see
35:40 Apparently, all living creatures
35:42 produce a small amount of light
35:44 due to chemical reactions in their cells
35:46 And humans are no exception
35:48 Researchers photographed the top of a volunteer's body
35:50 for several days
35:52 And their results indicate
35:54 that the light emitted by the camera
35:56 obeys a 24-hour cycle
35:58 The light is at its maximum
36:00 in the late afternoon
36:02 and its minimum
36:04 late at night
36:06 In addition, the brightest light
36:08 is emitted by the cheeks, forehead and neck
36:10 But these areas do not correspond
36:12 to the brightest regions
36:14 that appear on thermal cameras
36:16 Did you know that you are a little taller
36:18 in the morning than late in the day?
36:20 Yes, I measured you
36:22 Joke aside, this size difference
36:24 is related to gravity
36:26 Its force compresses the cartilage
36:28 of your spine and your knees
36:30 when you get up or sit down
36:32 But when you are lying down
36:34 your spine contracts and stretches
36:36 That's why, when you wake up
36:38 after a long night of sleep, you are taller
36:40 But this size difference
36:42 is quite negligible
36:44 So no need to organize a contest
36:46 and open the bets
36:48 A funny detail, when returning from a mission
36:50 the astronauts are taller than they were
36:52 before leaving Earth
36:54 It's because of the absence of gravity on the ISS
36:56 But they don't keep this size
36:58 all their life after that
37:00 As soon as they land,
37:02 they start to find their normal size
37:04 Now let's go back to this organ
37:08 we talked about earlier, the skin
37:10 Yes, the skin is an organ
37:12 In fact, it's the largest organ of your body
37:14 It represents about 15%
37:16 of your body weight
37:18 And what does this organ do
37:20 in your body?
37:22 It fills vital functions
37:24 For example, it protects you from physical
37:26 and biological external damage
37:28 And it avoids excessive water loss
37:30 I can't help but wonder
37:32 what other surprises the human body
37:34 has in store for us
37:36 But for now, let's go to the animal world
37:38 The owls don't have eyeballs
37:42 Instead, they have eye tubes
37:44 Their eye-shaped rods
37:46 don't move in their orbits
37:48 So they should move their entire body
37:50 to look around them
37:52 But that would make too much noise
37:54 And other animals would hear them
37:56 Thanks to evolution,
37:58 owls have a neck
38:00 that can rotate about 270 degrees
38:02 without making the slightest noise
38:04 But what's the point?
38:06 Well, night vision requires
38:08 large corneas to capture as much light as possible
38:10 That's why most night animals
38:12 like the loris or the tarzier
38:14 have big eyes
38:16 For the owls,
38:18 it's a little different
38:20 Since they have small heads,
38:22 they can't have such big eyes
38:24 And even though they don't have eyeballs,
38:26 they have three pairs of eyelids
38:28 One eyelid to blink,
38:30 one to sleep,
38:32 and the last one to clean their eye tubes
38:34 Do owls think that's cool?
38:36 Of course!
38:38 Now, let's talk about
38:40 a so-called twilight animal
38:42 Meow!
38:44 Cats have a special organ
38:46 that allows them to taste smells in the air
38:48 It's called the Jacobson organ
38:50 or the Vemeronasal organ
38:52 The Jacobson organ
38:54 is located inside the cat's nasal cavity
38:56 and opens on the palate,
38:58 in the mouth
39:00 It detects specific chemical substances
39:02 through nerves that lead directly to the brain
39:04 And it's not just any substance
39:06 The Jacobson organ's receptors
39:08 have a very special function
39:10 They capture substances
39:12 that have no smell at all
39:14 In other words, cats can detect
39:16 indetectable smells
39:18 And that's not all
39:20 The Jacobson organ increases their odour
39:22 For example, when kittens
39:24 have to find their mother's milk
39:26 Imagine two kitten mothers and four kittens
39:28 The QWERTY keyboard model,
39:30 which is widespread in many countries,
39:32 is not the easiest to use
39:34 In the 1870s,
39:36 Christopher Choles invented
39:38 a keyboard designed to make
39:40 the typing twice as fast
39:42 But by placing the letters
39:44 used most frequently next to each other,
39:46 typing became a little too fast
39:48 and the machines were constantly stuck
39:50 He therefore developed the QWERTY model
39:52 This forced the touchers to type slower
39:54 They had to first look for the letter
39:56 then type it with their index
39:58 This keyboard is still in use today
40:00 and people have gotten used to it
40:02 The plastic end of your lace
40:04 is called a "naglet"
40:06 and has been used since ancient Rome
40:08 These naglets were made of stone,
40:10 glass or metal
40:12 The richest people could,
40:14 if they wanted, decorate their shoes
40:16 with precious metals such as
40:18 brass or silver
40:20 What came first, television or remote?
40:22 Well, know that the technology
40:24 that allows remote control
40:26 is several decades older
40:28 In 1898,
40:30 Nikola Tesla created a machine
40:32 that controlled remote devices
40:34 using radio waves
40:36 To follow his invention,
40:38 he made a remote-controlled model
40:40 But it did not interest anyone
40:42 It was ahead of its time
40:44 Remote control was finally used
40:46 for televisions in 1956
40:48 The engineer Percy Spencer
40:50 accidentally invented
40:52 something great in 1945
40:54 He was working on a new vacuum tube,
40:56 the "magnétron",
40:58 which was to be used on radar systems
41:00 While working on his project,
41:02 he noticed that the chocolate
41:04 was melted
41:06 He realized that the magnetron
41:08 could heat food
41:10 He made a test with corn
41:12 and obtained popcorn
41:14 He then tried to test it with eggs
41:16 but things did not go very well
41:18 So he built a metal box
41:20 and the first microwave oven was born
41:22 In 1733, an English duke
41:24 asked William Kent, an architect,
41:26 to make him a means of transport
41:28 for his children
41:30 William built the very first "poussette"
41:32 Without a handle, it looked like a cart
41:34 and was pulled by a goat or a little pony
41:36 A very small number of these "poussettes"
41:38 were made at the time
41:40 because they were expensive
41:42 More than 100 years later, in 1848,
41:44 the first "poussette" with handles
41:46 was invented and put on the market
41:48 at an affordable price
41:50 It is often associated with movies,
41:52 policemen and bathers
41:54 And there is actually a reason for this
41:56 In the 1950s, in the United States,
41:58 night shift workers often had trouble
42:00 finding a place to sleep
42:02 At that time, bath shops
42:04 were family businesses
42:06 They worked hard all night
42:08 making fresh baths to sell the next day
42:10 And as these shops were often victims of robberies,
42:12 a relationship that still persists
42:14 was then created
42:16 The policemen had something delicious
42:18 to put under their teeth
42:20 and the bath makers felt safe at night
42:22 Making bubble wrap burst is really a relaxing activity
42:24 And of course, this material is also
42:26 very useful to protect fragile objects
42:28 In 1957, two engineers
42:30 had fun gluing together
42:32 two shower curtains
42:34 by imprisoning the air bubbles between the two surfaces
42:36 This is how the first bubble wrap was made
42:38 But what they were looking for
42:40 was a new type of bubble wrap
42:42 Unfortunately, their product
42:44 was not successful on the market
42:46 Some time later, they tried to sell it
42:48 as a sealant for the greenhouse
42:50 And once again, they failed
42:52 Everything changed in 1960
42:54 when IBM began to ship very fragile computer parts
42:56 Bubble wrap was perfect
42:58 and it still works today
43:00 Today, we use card apps
43:02 available on our phones to navigate
43:04 But in the past, we had no choice
43:06 but to use paper cards
43:08 And the competition in this industry was fierce
43:10 to the point that the cartographers
43:12 drew ghost agglomerations
43:14 to prevent their rivals from copying their cards
43:16 These false cities were called copyright traps
43:18 However, one of these cities became real
43:20 Aglo, in New York state,
43:22 was invented as a trap
43:24 by the General Drafting Co.
43:26 A few years later, another cartographer
43:28 inscribed this city on his own map
43:30 without knowing that he would be caught
43:32 But during the trial, we discovered that in 1950
43:34 a grocery store had been set up in this place
43:36 And its owner, assuming that Aglo
43:38 really existed, decided to give
43:40 this name to his store
43:42 So there was no more copyright violation
43:44 because, technically,
43:46 the city of Aglo was indeed real
43:48 In 1943, Vesta Stute,
43:50 from Illinois, worked
43:52 on the consolidation of parcels
43:54 She didn't like the paper adhesive tape
43:56 because it quickly degraded
43:58 when it was wet
44:00 So she asked her boss
44:02 to try to make a waterproof adhesive tape
44:04 But her proposal was rejected
44:06 However, she decided to write a letter
44:08 to President Roosevelt
44:10 describing her idea to make a better adhesive tape
44:12 Not only did she explain her concept
44:14 but she also provided him with detailed drawings
44:16 He approved the idea and ordered
44:18 to impose the new tape in post offices
44:20 and in the stores
44:22 And it was sold in every grocery store
44:24 In the 1950s, people also started
44:26 to use it to repair
44:28 their ventilation ducts
44:30 And even if the adhesive used is not suitable
44:32 for cold or hot weather, the tape
44:34 comes off easily
44:36 We still use this type of tape
44:38 for a lot of small repairs