偉人・敗北からの教訓 2024年11月9日 第67回「紫式部・『源氏物語』誕生と宮中での苦悩」
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00:00Japanese history is full of ups and downs, but there is always a way to overcome them.
00:08How did the great men of Japanese history lose?
00:13What was the reason behind their defeat?
00:18In this episode, we take a closer look at the Japanese classical literature.
00:23We take a closer look at the defeat of Shikibu Murasaki in the Genji story.
00:29How did the great story of love and power struggle between men and women come to be?
00:37What was the failure of Shikibu Murasaki, who became the wife of Chūgū
00:42under the protection of the most powerful man, Michinaga of Fujiwara?
00:47The philosophy of life learned from the failures of the defeated.
00:53The Lessons from the Defeated
01:03What do we learn from the failures of the great men of Japanese history?
01:09I'm Yuri Nakanishi, voice of Shinko.
01:14And I'm Jun Ito, a historian.
01:19We've covered the history of the Heian period several times.
01:24The Heian period was a period of fierce power struggle,
01:29unlike the warring states of the Sengoku period.
01:33In this period, only those who had power left the bloodline
01:38and even the descendants were allowed to blossom.
01:43In that sense, Mr. Fujiwara was able to build up his power structure.
01:48Today, I'd like to focus on the failure of Shikibu Murasaki,
01:53the author of the Genji Monogatari, which depicts the human form of the Heian period
01:58while being engulfed by the power structure.
02:01This year, he was the subject of a large-scale drama.
02:06Why is the Genji Monogatari written by Shikibu Murasaki
02:09said to be the best of classical literature?
02:13Many people have read the Genji Monogatari,
02:18from those who read it in the old days to those who read it now.
02:23The reason why the Genji Monogatari captured the reader's heart
02:28is the story development, the skill of each character,
02:33and the beauty of the literary expression.
02:38The Genji Monogatari is well-mixed with Japanese literature.
02:44Did Shikibu Murasaki also have failures and defeats?
02:50I think Shikibu Murasaki was an excellent person.
02:53People move forward while repeating trial and error
02:56towards the unseen future.
02:59I think Shikibu Murasaki, which is blessed with literary talent,
03:03also has failures, failures, and mistakes.
03:07This time, we will look at Shikibu Murasaki's failures
03:11and look for lessons to live for tomorrow.
03:14First, let's take a look at the life of Shikibu Murasaki.
03:18Please take a look.
03:21Shikibu Murasaki, the author of the Genji Monogatari,
03:24which is said to be the world's oldest long story,
03:28was born in Kyoto as the wife of Tametoki Fujiwara,
03:33the founder of Shikibu Murasaki.
03:40His father, Tametoki, who was also a supervisor,
03:43was a scholar who taught the emperor.
03:48His daughter, Shikibu Murasaki,
03:50was blessed with the talent to understand the content
03:54while listening to the story next to her brother who studied Kanbun.
04:00Shikibu Murasaki, who lost his mother and sister when he was young,
04:04took care of his family as a mother,
04:08and also accompanied his father when he went to Echizen for work.
04:14In 998, when Shikibu Murasaki was in his late 20s,
04:20he married the noble Nobutaka Fujiwara,
04:23who was about the same age as his father.
04:26The next year, he gave birth to a daughter,
04:29and obtained a little bit of happiness.
04:32However, in 1001, when Nobutaka died,
04:36and the marriage life came to an end,
04:39Shikibu Murasaki, in order to alleviate his sadness,
04:43devoted himself to the writing of the story.
04:46This is the Genji Monogatari,
04:49which is later called the best of Japanese classical literature.
04:54The reputation of the Genji Monogatari spread rapidly,
04:58and it was also liked by the powerful man of the time, Michinaga of Fujiwara.
05:02Shikibu Murasaki was the daughter of Michinaga,
05:05and was married to the wife of the emperor of Ichijo,
05:09and began to live in Miyazuka.
05:14However, Shikibu Murasaki, who had high pride and was not good at socializing,
05:19could not get used to the surrounding environment,
05:22and in just a few days, he ran away from the palace,
05:25and stayed at his parents' house.
05:30It was a great defeat for Shikibu Murasaki's life.
05:36About five months later,
05:38Shikibu Murasaki, who finally returned to the palace,
05:41changed his mind,
05:43and while getting along well with his colleagues' wives,
05:46he devoted himself to his wife.
05:50Then, he completed his masterpiece, Genji Monogatari,
05:54and gained the trust of the emperor's mother, Shoshu.
06:01What did the several months of hibernation bring to his later life?
06:07This time, we will talk about the defeat of Shikibu Murasaki,
06:11the author of Genji Monogatari.
06:15Now, let's look back at the main events of Shikibu Murasaki's life.
06:21Genji Monogatari began to be written before he entered the palace,
06:25and he completed it while staying in Miyazuka,
06:28so it took him a long time to complete.
06:32Genji Monogatari is a great work,
06:35which can be said to be 54 chapters long.
06:38To put it in a modern way,
06:41Genji Monogatari is about 1,000,000 characters,
06:44and there are 2,400 pages of manuscript.
06:47There are 500 characters,
06:50so it took him a long time to complete.
06:53There are various theories.
06:56Some say that the author was not Shikibu,
06:59or that Murasaki Shikibu was part of Shikibu,
07:02or that a completely different author made Shikibu hard.
07:05There is a possibility that several authors
07:08made Shikibu hard.
07:11I personally think that Murasaki Shikibu
07:14wrote almost everything.
07:17The reason is that there are 795 chapters in this story.
07:20If you look at the chapters,
07:23you can feel that Murasaki Shikibu was in charge.
07:26I think that Murasaki Shikibu
07:29wrote at least the basic system to the end.
07:32By the way, the name Murasaki Shikibu
07:35is not the real name of Murasaki Shikibu.
07:38The real name of Murasaki Shikibu is not transmitted.
07:41It's like a nickname.
07:44In this era, the real name is transmitted
07:47only to people who appear in official documents.
07:50In other words, Murasaki Shikibu's wife
07:53does not have the opportunity to appear in official documents,
07:56so her real name is not transmitted.
07:59The real name of the wife
08:02is Murasaki Shikibu.
08:05In the case of Murasaki Shikibu,
08:08her father's name was Shikibujo,
08:11and he was also a Shikibusho.
08:14He was originally from Fujiwara.
08:17He was called Toshikibu.
08:20However, at one time,
08:23the country of Koi was in turmoil,
08:26and Murasaki Shikibu was called Wakamurasaki,
08:29so Murasaki became her nickname.
08:32After that, Shikibu came,
08:35and Murasaki Shikibu settled down.
08:38There is a very long history.
08:41Murasaki Shikibu, who was not a gorgeous woman,
08:44Why did she write a masterpiece
08:47called the best of classical literature?
08:50There was a meeting and parting
08:53with a man behind it.
08:57Genji Monogatari is a three-part work
09:00with 54 chapters.
09:05The first part is about the story
09:08of the protagonist, Genji Hikaru,
09:11who was born as the second prince of the emperor
09:14and was rejected by his family.
09:17He meets many women with his talents
09:20and makes a movie in the palace.
09:24The second part is about Genji Hikaru,
09:27who faces many difficulties
09:30due to the law of causality.
09:34The third part is about Genji Hikaru's son,
09:37Kaoru, who was actually born
09:40in the Fugimitsu of Suesai.
09:48While the drama of love is the axis,
09:51Genji Hikaru draws the power struggle
09:54of the aristocrats realistically.
09:57It is a magnificent picture
10:00that cuts deep into human psychology,
10:03such as ambition and jealousy.
10:06At that time, the story was regarded
10:09as a reading of women and children.
10:12Genji Monogatari was read by people
10:15for more than 1,000 years
10:18Genji Monogatari
10:22The author, Shikibu Murasaki,
10:25was born in the present-day
10:28area of Lausanne,
10:31out of the capital of the time,
10:34Heian-kyo.
10:42This is Genji-tei.
10:45This area of Lausanne
10:48is where Shikibu Murasaki lived
10:51about 1,000 years ago.
10:57Shikibu Murasaki was born into a family
11:00of literary scholars,
11:03such as his grandfather,
11:06who was the best teacher,
11:09and his father, who was an excellent scholar.
11:12Shikibu Murasaki lived in this area
11:15with his father and younger brother.
11:19There is an episode like this
11:22in his childhood.
11:25When his father, Tametoki,
11:28was teaching his younger brother kanbun,
11:31Shikibu Murasaki, who was only listening
11:34from the side, quickly understood,
11:37so Tametoki said,
11:40I wish you were a man.
11:45At that time, kanbun was an important
11:48teaching material for male aristocrats.
11:52On the other hand, for women,
11:55who had no chance to show their knowledge,
11:58kanbun was considered useless.
12:04Fukuya, who studied Shikibu Murasaki's diary,
12:07said,
12:10For Shikibu Murasaki,
12:13it is a pity that he was not a man.
12:16He may have been stuck in his heart for a long time.
12:20The story of Genji has
12:23a very deep meaning
12:26because there are many interpretations
12:29of kanbun.
12:32If he was a man,
12:35he would have shown his knowledge
12:38and it would have led to his success.
12:42In the Heian period,
12:45when there were few places for women to work,
12:48what kind of happiness
12:51did the female aristocrats want?
12:54We asked Fukutou,
12:57who was familiar with the history of gender.
13:01I thought the happiest thing
13:04was to marry a woman from the upper class
13:07and have a son.
13:10I wanted to find a good husband
13:13and make him succeed.
13:16If he was a woman,
13:19I wanted to marry a woman from the upper class
13:22and make him succeed.
13:25Many female aristocrats
13:28spent their lives in the Heian period
13:31and did not even walk freely outside.
13:37For them,
13:40it was the happiest thing
13:43to marry and have a son
13:46and raise him well.
13:50However, the purple Shikibu
13:53remained single
13:56even in his late twenties
13:59and became a woman.
14:05Fukutou pointed out
14:08the possibility that the purple Shikibu
14:11had a marriage history.
14:14Among the singers of the purple Shikibu,
14:17there is a song
14:20that shows that
14:23the purple Shikibu
14:26had a marriage history.
14:29At that time,
14:32even if the ceremony was not held yet,
14:35if a man visited the Shikibu
14:38for three days,
14:41it would be recognized as a marriage.
14:44It was still a fuzzy stage.
14:47It was recognized as a marriage
14:50because there was a relationship
14:53between a man and a woman.
14:56If a woman had not given birth to a child,
14:59the purple Shikibu would not be recognized.
15:02It was almost impossible.
15:07Soon, a man appeared
15:10in the purple Shikibu.
15:14He was Nobutaka Fujiwara.
15:18He was in his mid-forties.
15:21He was about the same age as the purple Shikibu,
15:24and he had many children.
15:27He had many children,
15:30and he married another woman.
15:33He was a free-spirited playboy.
15:39Nobutaka wrote a letter
15:42and said,
15:45This is the tears I shed for you.
15:48In the snow season,
15:51he said,
15:54Your heart will melt in spring.
15:57He repeated this many times.
16:00The purple Shikibu said,
16:03I don't know when it will melt.
16:06Their hearts were gradually drawn,
16:09and they got married.
16:13Ms. Kawazoe, who studies the story of Genji,
16:16interprets the purple Shikibu at that time
16:19in this way.
16:42The purple Shikibu gave birth
16:45to his daughter, Kenshi,
16:48the following year.
16:52However, their marriage life
16:55was gradually changing.
16:58The purple Shikibu was
17:01married to a woman
17:04who was in her mid-forties.
17:07The purple Shikibu was
17:10getting married to a woman
17:13who was in her mid-forties.
17:16The marriage at that time
17:19was a style of marriage
17:22in which the husband went to his wife.
17:25Nobutaka had several wives,
17:28children, and lovers.
17:31As the number of times he went to his wife decreased,
17:34he became jealous.
17:37When he went to his wife,
17:48Nobutaka sent back all the letters.
18:02It seems that the purple Shikibu
18:05was happy with his husband.
18:08It seems that the purple Shikibu
18:11was happy with his husband.
18:14Such a life suddenly came to an end.
18:17The Story of a Man and a Woman
18:20The Story of a Man and a Woman
18:23The Story of a Man and a Woman
18:26The Story of a Man and a Woman
18:29The Story of a Man and a Woman
18:33Their marriage life enjoyed
18:36happiness even while fighting.
18:39But their marriage ended
18:42in just two and half years.
18:45Her husband, Nobutaka, died of an illness.
18:51She wrote about her feelings in her purple diary.
18:59I lived my life with tears in my eyes.
19:03I had no idea what to do with my future.
19:08The purpose of her purple diary was to write a story.
19:16I used this story as a material to write my own story.
19:20I tried many things, but I was always lonely.
19:27After my mother and sister died,
19:31I lived with my father.
19:34My house was a library.
19:38I wrote a book to comfort her.
19:43I wanted to be free in my heart.
19:51She tried to forget her sadness by writing her favorite story.
20:00At first, people around me read my story.
20:03Then, my story became more and more popular.
20:08It became a hot topic in the city.
20:15This story is the famous story,
20:19Genju Monogatari.
20:23Shikibu Murasaki, who had a normal dream as a woman,
20:28had a big change in her life.
20:36I think there are many reasons why Shikibu Murasaki
20:40wrote such a famous story.
20:43I think I understand some of the reasons.
20:47In the Heian period, there was a big difference in literature.
20:52The most important thing was Kanji.
20:56Then, there was Japanese calligraphy,
20:59Japanese calligraphy, Japanese calligraphy, etc.
21:02The most important thing was Monogatari.
21:05It is said that Monogatari is the most important thing.
21:09However, it is also true that Monogatari is the most popular.
21:14Shikibu Murasaki's husband, Nobutaka Fujiwara.
21:18Shikibu Murasaki was one of Nobutaka's many wives.
21:23If you think about love and marriage at that time,
21:27there are many things that you can't understand.
21:32That's right.
21:34Unlike now, there is little freedom.
21:37Even if you fall in love,
21:39women have to wait at home.
21:42If you don't wait at home,
21:44you can't be a good wife.
21:47However, Shikibu Murasaki was very sad after he lost Nobutaka.
21:52He made Monogatari to make up for his sadness.
21:57Why did he make the main theme of the story
22:00the love of a man and a woman?
22:04Here is Jun Ito's viewpoint,
22:07looking at the back side of history.
22:13In the case of Shikibu Murasaki,
22:15his wife had little experience in love.
22:18So, he made Monogatari free to love as he wanted.
22:22He entrusted his feelings to Monogatari.
22:25In other words, Monogatari made up the fantasy of Shikibu Murasaki.
22:30I see.
22:32Nowadays, women don't have a job as a writer.
22:37That's right.
22:39So, what she started to write with her own pleasure and hobby
22:42has become a masterpiece.
22:45It's a great development.
22:47Yes, it's interesting.
22:49The type who likes to let her feelings go around by herself
22:52tends to immerse herself in her own world.
22:55If she consciously opens her heart,
22:58she might be able to live a little more comfortably.
23:03The story of Genji started by his wife,
23:06was recognized by Michinaga of Fujiwara.
23:09That's how Shikibu Murasaki's Miyazukai began.
23:12However, he made a big mistake
23:14of running away from the palace in just a few days.
23:17Please take a look.
23:21Shikibu Murasaki started to write the story of Genji
23:24and became a hot topic in Miyako.
23:28Michinaga of Fujiwara, the governor of the time,
23:31noticed the popularity of Genji.
23:42At that time, it was the reign of Emperor Ichijo.
23:45Michinaga made his daughter, Shoshu,
23:48a concubine of the emperor.
23:51He made her the concubine of the emperor.
23:54He made a plan to put the child between the two
23:57on the throne of the next emperor
24:00and take power as the governor himself.
24:09However, even after six years,
24:12Shoshu could not have children.
24:17Emperor Ichijo thought of the deceased concubine
24:20as his concubine.
24:24Therefore, Michinaga wanted to bring Emperor Ichijo,
24:27who loved literature, closer to Shoshu.
24:30He decided to use Shikibu Murasaki,
24:33the author of the famous Genji story,
24:36as the concubine of Shoshu.
24:40Shikibu Murasaki
24:46A concubine is a person who sits by the side
24:49of a noble person,
24:52talks to them, and serves as a guest.
24:56She can serve up to 20 to 30 people
24:59at a time.
25:04However, Shikibu Murasaki
25:07did not want to be a concubine.
25:12In addition to the care of the concubines,
25:15he was not confident in his stubbornness
25:18to expose himself to male nobles
25:21and retreat.
25:26In December of the second year of the Kanko period,
25:29Shikibu Murasaki entered the palace
25:32as the concubine of Emperor Shoshu.
25:36What was waiting for him
25:38was the cold attitude of his colleagues.
25:44I don't care if we meet.
25:46I don't care if you send me a song
25:48asking me to get along with you.
25:52The concubines around him
25:55welcomed Shikibu Murasaki
25:58as a guest of the story writer
26:01The wind and the draughts are oppressive.
26:04It is hard to get close to them.
26:07They are shy and love the story.
26:10Sometimes they read a song and make fun of people.
26:13They look down on people.
26:16They must be bad women.
26:19Shikibu Murasaki hated them
26:22and ignored them.
26:25Among the concubines,
26:28Shikibu Murasaki said,
26:31even though she was a concubine,
26:34she was talking to Emperor Shoshu.
26:37Shikibu Murasaki must have been bullied.
26:42Shikibu Murasaki sang
26:45about his feelings at that time.
26:49The cold attitude of his colleagues
26:52to expose himself to male nobles
26:55is disturbing.
27:01Shikibu Murasaki's job was not to be a concubine.
27:04On the other hand,
27:07Shikibu Murasaki was happy to be expected by the nobles.
27:10Shikibu Murasaki was happy to write his favorite story
27:13while living the life of a concubine.
27:18And Shikibu Murasaki had a sense of responsibility
27:21to support Emperor Shoshu
27:24and his family.
27:30Despite all of that,
27:33Shikibu Murasaki could not stand
27:36the bullying of his concubines.
27:46In just a few days,
27:49Shikibu Murasaki left the palace.
27:52He left all his work
27:55and came back to his family.
27:58This was a big defeat
28:01for Shikibu Murasaki's life.
28:06Shikibu Murasaki was not good at
28:09carpentry.
28:12He was introverted.
28:15He was not suitable for a concubine's life.
28:19I think he was a woman
28:22who preferred to live in the world of books
28:25than being a concubine.
28:29Shikibu Murasaki stayed at his family's house for five months.
28:32He received letters from his colleagues
28:35asking for a refund many times,
28:38but he was not positive.
28:41His colleagues' words
28:44became more and more harsh.
28:48Shikibu Murasaki acted like a high-class concubine.
28:54Shikibu Murasaki was expected to continue
28:57his career as a family teacher
29:00and a storyteller.
29:03I think he was aware of his role.
29:06He thought that he could not
29:09end his career like this forever.
29:12He thought that he had to
29:15make a living.
29:20He had to make a living,
29:23but he was bullied.
29:27After struggling for more than five months,
29:30he met his senior concubines.
29:35They pretended not to know anything.
29:38They played a role that was impossible
29:41for people to accept.
29:46They played a role that was impossible
29:49for people to accept.
29:52They could not even read books.
29:55They hid their knowledge and abilities
29:58and played a role that was impossible for people to accept.
30:02To be accepted,
30:05and that was the harshness and hardship of living in Miyazukai at the time.
30:15A few days after returning to the palace, the colleagues' reaction was...
30:20I never thought you were such a laid-back person.
30:28I was told that he was not a proud storyteller.
30:35I felt a wall around me, and he felt a wall around me.
30:41I decided to live my life this way.
30:46After returning to the palace, she pretended not to know anything,
30:52and she began to develop a relationship with people at work.
30:58One of the important tasks of the Purple Division was to write a story for Emperor Ichijo.
31:10It is thought that the story was completed with the help of Michinaga of Fujiwara.
31:18However, did the Purple Division have any difficulty in continuing to write under the protection of Michinaga?
31:29In order to write a story for Emperor Ichijo,
31:35I had to be conscious of the reader.
31:40At that time, I was writing what I wanted to write,
31:47and I had to write according to the reader's expectations.
31:51In such a situation, it became more and more difficult.
31:57Originally, the Purple Division did not want to write the glorious story of Hikaru Genji.
32:04What did you really want to write after living in the palace?
32:11I wanted to convey the hardness of life and the pain of living.
32:18Every person has difficulties, and it is the truth of life.
32:26The Purple Division did not end the story with the success story of Hikaru Genji.
32:32From the second part of the story,
32:35I drew a bleak second half of the story, which continues to suffer.
32:39I pushed the truth of life to the reader.
32:45I think it was a story that pushed the reader to the reader
32:51that the original human form is such a happy end,
32:56and that life is not over with joy and happiness.
33:03The Purple Division has always lived with the pain of being a coward.
33:11It was the existence of Shoshu Chuguu that changed the life of such suffering.
33:17As the son of Michinaga, a powerful man,
33:21Shoshu tried to open his life, which was the wish of his parents,
33:26to the emperor at the age of 12,
33:31and the Purple Division began to feel the joy of that growth.
33:41Eventually, Shoshu made a son with Emperor Ichijo,
33:46and later became the mother of the emperor.
33:49The Purple Division continued to support Shoshu
33:53such as working on the consciousness reform of the wives who served Shoshu.
34:02The Purple Division is very smart,
34:06and has the personality to think deeply about various things.
34:11That's why Shoshu was able to accept what happened around him,
34:16and he was hurt and suffered a lot.
34:21I don't know if there was a fact that Shoshu was bullied or said a lot,
34:27but I think the Purple Division had a delicate side that accepted it very strongly.
34:35I think the Purple Division thought that the job of a wife
34:40was a job that could make use of their knowledge and intelligence.
34:46It wasn't about reading books,
34:50but it was a job that required communication skills.
34:55I think that's why the Purple Division was different from what they thought.
35:01I think so, too.
35:03For the Purple Division, Michinaga was a big patron.
35:09Yes.
35:10At that time, the value of paper was so high that it couldn't be compared to today.
35:15It was tens of thousands of yen per page.
35:18One page was 20 to 30 pages.
35:20In other words, paper was very rare.
35:23The story of the Purple Division is a long story of 54 chapters.
35:28Without Michinaga's financial back-up, it wouldn't have been born.
35:32If paper was so expensive,
35:35you couldn't afford to make a mistake.
35:39I don't know.
35:40I think he was very nervous when he wrote it.
35:43I think so, too.
35:46It is important not only to escape so as not to hurt yourself,
35:50but also to dare to overcome it.
35:52If you devise your own way of thinking,
35:55the world may look completely different.
35:59The Purple Division continued to look for their own way of life
36:03between the men who competed with each other and the women who competed with each other.
36:07How did the people of Kosei evaluate her life,
36:11which left a masterpiece called the Genji Monogatari?
36:14Please take a look.
36:17In the last year of the Purple Division, there is a novel.
36:21It is said that she died in 1014
36:24and that she worked as a maid until 1027.
36:33In another novel, she spent the last year in a place called Murasaki-no
36:37and was buried here.
36:46In the Ishiyama Temple in Otsu City,
36:50many things related to the Purple Division are left behind.
37:03This is the Kuyoto of the Purple Division.
37:07In the teachings of Buddha,
37:11there is a story called Mogo-kai.
37:14It is said that you should not tell lies.
37:17The story itself is fiction,
37:20so it is said that the Purple Division lied
37:24and fell into hell.
37:30At the end of the Heian period,
37:33there was a lot of criticism that the Purple Division,
37:36which wrote a story of lies, fell into hell.
37:40Why was this kind of legend born?
37:46One of the reasons is that
37:49there was a man's jealousy
37:53that a woman could not write such a wonderful work.
38:01The only daughter of the Purple Division,
38:04Murasaki Shikibu, became the wife of a merchant
38:07as if she received a baton from her mother who left the palace.
38:16Murasaki Shikibu sent something to her daughter
38:19who was on the same path as her.
38:25This is the Purple Division Diary,
38:28which wrote her heart as a wife.
38:31There is a way of looking at it
38:34that what she wrote for her daughter
38:37is still with her now.
38:44The Purple Division compiled a wife manual for her daughter.
38:53While using her mother's gift as a model,
38:56the swordsman continued to support the merchant,
38:59and eventually became the eyes of the emperor
39:02that all women longed for,
39:05and achieved a great success called the Jusanmi.
39:12The Purple Division did a great job as a mother.
39:21I think I was happy,
39:24or rather, I think it was fun.
39:27When I look back on my life,
39:30I was married to my father,
39:33and I was raised in a rural society.
39:36When I became the emperor,
39:39the novels I wrote became so popular.
39:42I was bullied by my wives,
39:45but I put all of that into my novels,
39:48so I had no choice but to have fun.
39:51I don't think I'll ever forget
39:54that it was a fun life.
40:04Even though she was bullied by her husband's death and his wives,
40:08she was able to recover from her defeat.
40:11As a writer, as a mother,
40:14as a career woman,
40:17she was able to run through a life
40:20that no one could have imitated.
40:29I think I'll look back on my life
40:32and say that it was a really rough life.
40:35I was bullied,
40:38and I couldn't get used to my job.
40:41I think women today
40:44are able to get over it
40:47and move forward in life.
40:50She's a very honest person,
40:53and I think a lot of people
40:56sympathize with her.
40:59I think a lot of people sympathize with her.
41:02The fact that she wrote the famous novel,
41:05Genji Monogatari,
41:08was probably the most important thing
41:11in her life.
41:14I think the fact that her daughter
41:17became the emperor's wife
41:20was the most important thing.
41:23I think it was a great joy
41:26that her daughter's growth
41:29and her being recognized by society
41:32was the greatest joy.
41:35What did you think she was feeling
41:38when she wrote Genji Monogatari?
41:53What does it mean?
41:56I don't know where to put myself
41:59in this world full of lies.
42:02This world is full of sorrow,
42:05and I think this is reflected
42:08in Genji Monogatari.
42:11What do you think Genji Monogatari
42:14brought to Japan?
42:17First of all,
42:20it's important to read people's minds.
42:23Hikaru Genji imagines
42:26the feelings of his lover.
42:29I think that's because
42:32Hikaru Genji imagined
42:35the feelings of his lover
42:38and created the unique beauty
42:41of Japanese people.
42:44Genji Monogatari was influenced
42:47by Genji Monogatari,
42:50and that's how Japanese society
42:53was created.
42:56Next, we will learn
42:59a lesson from the loss
43:02of the Purple Division.
43:05I think it's important
43:08to have time to face yourself.
43:11Some people say
43:14you shouldn't run away
43:17if you don't like something,
43:20but if you reset and have time
43:23to look at yourself,
43:26you will be able to see
43:29what kind of person you are.
43:32You will be able to see
43:35what kind of person you are.
43:38You will be able to see
43:41what kind of person you are.
43:44You will be able to see
43:47what kind of person you are.
43:50You will be able to see
43:53what the people around you
43:56think about you.
43:59You will be able to discover
44:02what makes you happy.
44:05This is the lesson
44:08the Purple Division lost.
44:12It is said that having time
44:15to face yourself is very important
44:18but there are times
44:21or take a little break from what you're doing right now.
44:25It takes a lot of courage, doesn't it?
44:27But if you take the courage to do it,
44:29I'm sure you'll be able to open up the next time.
44:31If you're really busy, you can do it for a night or two.
44:33Just use the hot springs slowly and look at the scenery.
44:37You can have time to face yourself quite naturally.
44:41That's where you get some good ideas.
44:45That's right.
44:47Mr. Ito, thank you very much for today.
44:49Thank you very much.
44:51Lessons from the Defeat.
44:53See you next time.