La Grêle est la Pire Ennemie des Avions, Voici Pourquoi
La grêle peut sembler n'être que de simples gouttes de pluie gelées, mais pour les avions, c'est une toute autre histoire. Imaginez ceci : un avion volant dans le ciel, vaquant à ses propres affaires, lorsqu'il rencontre soudainement un orage de grêle. Ces morceaux de glace à l'aspect innocent peuvent causer des ravages à l'extérieur d'un avion, provoquant des bosses, des fissures et parfois même des dommages au moteur. Ce n'est pas seulement l'impact qui pose problème : c'est aussi la force brute derrière chaque grêlon qui frappe l'avion. Pour aggraver les choses, les orages de grêle peuvent être imprévisibles, surgissant de nulle part et prenant les pilotes par surprise. C'est pourquoi ces derniers font de leur mieux pour éviter les orages de grêle chaque fois que possible, afin de se maintenir eux-mêmes et leurs passagers en sécurité. Animation créée par Sympa.
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Musique par Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com
Pour ne rien perdre de Sympa, abonnez-vous!: https://goo.gl/6E4Xna
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Nos réseaux sociaux :
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sympasympacom/
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sympa.officiel/
Stock de fichiers (photos, vidéos et autres):
https://www.depositphotos.com
https://www.shutterstock.com
https://www.eastnews.ru
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Si tu en veux encore plus, fais un tour ici:
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FunTranscript
00:00 Welcome aboard! I am your captain and I have some information to give you about our flight today.
00:06 It was supposed to be an ordinary flight for this Airbus 312 from British Midland Airways, from Cyprus, and to Great Britain.
00:14 Everything happened on May 26, 2003.
00:17 The last thing the 213 passengers and 8 crew members expected was a hail storm to hit their plane.
00:24 And it nevertheless happened as they approached Manchester.
00:27 The weather began to turn to storm with large hail and pieces of ice suspended in the air.
00:33 Passengers who had neglected to buckle their seatbelts were ejected from their seats.
00:38 The plane began to fall and vibrate everywhere.
00:41 It was panic on board.
00:42 As the passengers would remember, everyone felt pulled out of their seats for a few seconds and stuck to the ceiling.
00:48 The pilot, who had 20 years of experience in flight, had never found himself in such a situation before.
00:54 But he did everything to save the plane and its passengers.
00:57 They ended up landing at Manchester airport with a delay of only 30 minutes.
01:01 Everyone on board let their joy explode and thanked the crew.
01:05 All of them were practically out of it.
01:07 Then the airport services inspected the plane after landing.
01:11 It turned out that the hail had considerably damaged the nose of the Airbus and its windshield.
01:17 But all these internal systems seemed perfectly in order.
01:20 Years later, in October 2022, a similar story happened on the LAS-125 flight of the Atam Airlines Paraguay.
01:27 It transported 48 passengers from Santiago de Chile to Asunción when a major hail storm came to play the trouble makers.
01:34 Passengers filmed some images from the cabin, and it looked like a horror movie set.
01:40 The plane was shaking violently and lightnings illuminated the sky.
01:44 Fortunately, no one was injured, and the plane managed to land in Brazil urgently.
01:49 Just like in the history of the British Airbus, this hail had left a hole in the nose of the plane and broken its windshield.
01:55 It seems obvious that hail is extremely dangerous for planes.
02:00 When it breaks the windshield, the pilots must face the rain and very strong winds.
02:05 Hail creates bumps on the wings and tail attack edges, which means that it decreases the weight of the plane and makes it less aerodynamic.
02:13 That's why it has to fly faster than usual to stay in the air.
02:17 In extreme cases, hail can even interrupt the engine or dangerously disrupt the plane's systems, jeopardizing flight safety.
02:25 Another natural phenomenon that planes do not like war are electric storms.
02:30 Takeoff and landing are already the most dangerous parts of the flight, even in normal conditions, and a storm makes them much more risky.
02:37 The micro-bursts that storms cause can lose the pilot control of the plane.
02:42 If a storm hits the plane in mid-flight, things are not so serious.
02:46 Our modern planes are designed to resist bad weather conditions.
02:51 Pilots can also rise to a safe altitude above the storm or bypass it.
02:56 Landing directly in a storm or not depends on its severity.
03:00 If it is a powerful storm with gusts of wind, the plane could crash to the ground at high speed because of a strong downward current.
03:07 They are foggy and noisy, and they are the worst nightmare of pilots.
03:11 We are not talking about turbulent passengers here, but rather volcanoes.
03:15 On June 24, 1982, the British Airways flight 9 was on its way from Heathrow Airport in London to Auckland in New Zealand.
03:24 There were 5 stops on the way. Bombay, Chennai, Kuala Lumpur, Perth and Melbourne.
03:30 The Boeing 747 that made this flight arrived without any problems at Kuala Lumpur.
03:35 Most of the passengers were exhausted at that time after the trip.
03:39 The crew, on the other hand, was fresh and full of energy since they had only embarked in Malaysia.
03:44 The flight conditions were perfect, and everything indicated a 5-hour flight without incident.
03:49 Once the plane reached its cruising altitude, the crew noticed strange smoke rising from the air vents at the ground level.
03:56 Then the pilots observed an intense phenomenon of fire from St Helm on their windshield.
04:02 Normally, it is an inoffensive discharge of static electricity on a metallic surface, and the planes, as well as the ships, experience it very regularly.
04:11 But the meteorological radars showed no storm.
04:15 First, the landing lights were turned on, and a strange cloud was seen around the plane.
04:20 The pilot decided to continue the flight anyway, but the smoke began to reach the cabin of the passengers.
04:25 It became denser and denser, and smelled like sulfur.
04:29 Then, some passengers sitting next to the window noticed that the engines were sparkling with an electric blue, and that some lights were shining through the blades of the reactor.
04:38 The temperature on board increased, then the engines went out one by one within a few minutes.
04:45 The plane began to glide.
04:47 The pilots decided to land it on the waters of the Indian Ocean, because they knew they would never have been able to cross the high mountains of the Java coast to land there.
04:57 The commander informed the passengers of what was happening.
05:00 They kept their calm despite this terrible news.
05:03 Landing on the water in this way would indeed be extremely risky.
05:07 But suddenly, the engines came back to life one after the other.
05:11 The pilots managed to find a normal flight altitude, but one of the engines broke down again, and the crew decided to land at the nearest airport.
05:19 As they approached, the pilots could not see anything because the windshield looked like it had been sanded.
05:26 The landing device failed, and they had to land the plane manually.
05:30 Despite this, everything went well, and everyone on board arrived safe and sound.
05:35 Later, it turned out that they had to face this test after flying through a cloud of volcanic ash, spat by the eruption of the Galungung.
05:44 These ashes were dry, and that's why no meteorological radar could detect them.
05:50 This cloud of dust obstructed the engines and scratched the windshield.
05:54 When the ashes entered the combustion chambers, they melted and stuck inside.
06:00 And that's how the engines stopped.
06:03 When the plane left the cloud of ash, they cooled down, the melted ashes became solid, detached, and the pilots managed to restart.
06:13 This story is a clear proof of how volcanic ash clouds pose a terrible danger to aviation.
06:21 Pilots should avoid them at all costs because these clouds, which are difficult to distinguish from ordinary clouds, reduce visibility, damage flight controls, and cause a breakdown of the reactors.
06:32 Flights are sometimes delayed or even canceled when it's too cold outside.
06:36 If the cold accompanies a blizzard, the air traffic control can order the plane to stay on the ground and wait for the snowstorm to calm down.
06:43 The ice on the runway is not ideal either.
06:46 The landing gear of a plane has nothing to do with the wheels of a car, and you can't put crampons on it to avoid skidding.
06:53 In addition, a plane must reach a speed on the ground much higher than on an ordinary road to take off.
06:59 If the runway is slippery because of the ice, the plane can easily skid.
07:04 It's the same when landing, which is even more delicate in freezing conditions, because the plane evolves in a much less controlled environment and moves at an even higher speed.
07:14 In 2015, a Delta Airlines flight landed at the New York airport in LaGuardia during a snowstorm and lost control.
07:22 The airport runway 13 is delicate for pilots even in good weather, because it extends partially over the water.
07:28 Fortunately, the plane that skidded on the frozen runway stopped for a few moments before ending up in the bay.
07:33 No one on board was seriously injured.
07:35 These glacial climatic conditions can also cause the appearance of frost and the accumulation of ice plates on the aircraft itself.
07:44 Even a thin layer of ice on the wings of a plane can disrupt their delicate fuselage and destroy the port.
07:52 However, the planes can be de-stressed.
07:55 The airport staff usually water them with a special solution that prevents the formation of ice on the wing of the aircraft.
08:03 The fuel for the plane and the equipment that pumps it can also freeze if the temperature is too low.
08:08 The fuel freezes at -40 degrees, but this can only happen on the ground before takeoff.
08:14 At cruising altitude, temperatures can drop to -57, but as the liquid is inside the plane and is constantly consumed, it is much hotter there.
08:24 On the ground, however, nothing prevents the fuel from turning into ice.
08:29 And if this happens, it is obvious that the plane will not go anywhere.
08:33 (upbeat music)