偉人・敗北からの教訓 2025年1月11日 第75回「シリーズ東軍・西軍それぞれの関ヶ原②島津義弘」
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00:00Although it was a coincidental victory, all the defeats were inevitable.
00:08How did the foreigners, who had colored the history of Japan, lose?
00:13What was the reason behind their defeat, and what mistakes did they make?
00:19This is the second installment of the series, Tougun Seigun Sorezore no Sekigahara.
00:28The defeat of Yoshihiro Shimazu, the great general of Satsuma, who joined the Seigun.
00:36Why did he have to challenge the last battle of his life?
00:46The philosophy of life learned from the failures of the defeated.
00:53The Lesson from the Defeat of the Foreigners
01:02What do we learn from the failures of the foreigners in history?
01:09I'm Yuri Nakanishi, the voice of Shinko, the lesson from the defeat of the foreigners.
01:14And I'm Jun Ito, the historian.
01:17Thank you for joining us today.
01:20This is the second installment of the series, Tougun Seigun Sorezore no Sekigahara.
01:25In the last installment, we talked about the great achievements of the Tougun.
01:29But in the battle of Sekigahara, more than the actual battle itself,
01:34we learned about the negotiations and strategies that led to the victory.
01:39It was interesting to see the back story of the battle.
01:43History is a matter of course.
01:46In the case of the Tokugawa family, there was a man named Ii Naomasa,
01:51who was good at negotiating and strategizing.
01:54But he was deceived by the Toyotomi.
01:57So they had to fight each other.
02:00I think that was the battle of Sekigahara.
02:03On the other hand, this man was not able to fight like the Seigun.
02:08We will focus on the defeat of Yoshihiro Shimazu, the great general of Satsuma.
02:13In the previous episode, we talked about Yoshihiro Shimazu's brother.
02:18This brother and Yoshihiro's brother also had a complicated relationship.
02:23Yes, it was complicated.
02:25The brothers were originally good friends when they were young.
02:29But they got along with each other.
02:33But they got along with each other.
02:36But they got along with each other.
02:39So the communication was not good.
02:42So they often got suspicious of each other.
02:46Yoshihiro's actions up to Sekigahara,
02:50and the actions he took on the battlefield,
02:53there are many mysteries.
02:55Even now, there are many theories.
02:58Research on Sekigahara has progressed rapidly in recent years.
03:01It is the same for Yoshihiro Shimazu.
03:04I hope that we can dig deeper into it.
03:08This time, we will explore the teachings of Yoshihiro Shimazu.
03:15First, let's take a look at what kind of person Yoshihiro Shimazu was.
03:22Yoshihiro Shimazu, who was known as Shimazu's Nokiguchi in the battle of Sekigahara,
03:27was born in 1535 as the son of Takahisa Shimazu, the great lord of Satsuma.
03:42He is one of the four brothers.
03:45His older brother, Yoshihisa, is 2 years older than him.
03:48His younger brother, Toshihisa, is 2 years younger than him.
03:51And his younger brother, Ieshisa, is 12 years younger than him.
03:57Yoshihiro, who was decorated with the Uijin at the age of 20,
04:01followed in the footsteps of his older brother, Yoshihisa,
04:04and dedicated himself to the management of Ryogoku.
04:07He aimed to expand Shimazu's force as the target of the battle.
04:14He exterminated the Ito clan of Hyuga and the Otomo clan of Bungo,
04:18and eventually conquered most of Kyushu.
04:23After the death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Shimazu became Hideyoshi's subordinate.
04:32From this time on, there was a gap between Yoshihiro and his older brother, Yoshihisa.
04:40Even though Yoshihisa was the real lord of Shimazu,
04:45the Toyotomi government treated Yoshihiro as their lord.
04:53In 1592, Yoshihiro received an order from Hideyoshi,
04:57who aimed to invade the continent,
05:00and set out for the Shosen Peninsula.
05:06Yoshihiro was late to deploy at the station of Bunroku,
05:10but he was active at Keicho station,
05:14and was noticed by the first lord.
05:17It is said that Yoshihiro took the second name of Onishimazu.
05:23After the death of Hideyoshi,
05:25the Toyotomi government divided the troops and dispatched them.
05:29Yoshihiro aspired to fight Sekigahara as a member of the Seigun.
05:36However, the number of soldiers Yoshihiro led was only 1,500,
05:40and he was not able to perform as well as he had hoped.
05:46Eventually, the Seigun was defeated,
05:50and Yoshihiro had no choice but to retreat.
05:55It was the moment of Yoshihiro's defeat.
06:01Yoshihiro, who was famous for his martial arts,
06:04had no choice but to fight with a small number of soldiers.
06:11This time, Yoshihiro Shimazu's defeat
06:14led to the end of Yoshihiro Shimazu's life.
06:23Now, let's take a look at the main events of Yoshihiro Shimazu's life.
06:29The Shimazu family was quite special in the Sengoku period.
06:33There was a clear division of roles between Yoshihisa and Yoshihiro.
06:39The Shimazu family had taken over most of Kyushu,
06:42and Yoshihisa had to take over a large part of Ryogoku.
06:46Yoshihisa, the head of the family,
06:49took Yoshihiro's younger brother as his younger brother-in-law.
06:53Yoshihiro was in charge of the area,
06:56and he was mainly responsible for the final decision-making of the three areas,
07:00such as Higo, Hizen, and Chikuzen.
07:03This was Shimazu's system of Ryoto.
07:06I think it was a move that was suitable for building a completely different house.
07:10Yoshihisa and Yoshihiro had a similar system,
07:13so they could make a lot of decisions quickly.
07:16However, if there was a disagreement,
07:19there would be a problem,
07:22and this system would have a big impact
07:25in the later battles of Bunroku Keicho and Sekigahara.
07:28Yoshihiro had a strong image of a fierce warrior,
07:31but he also had a love for cats.
07:34That's the secret to Yoshihiro's popularity.
07:37When Yoshihiro was 57 years old,
07:40he wrote a letter to his wife,
07:43saying, I had a dream about you again tonight.
07:46He wrote this from the battlefield.
07:49A letter to his wife.
07:52They must have been very close.
07:55Yoshihisa, the head of the family,
07:58was mentally challenged by the Toyotomi administration.
08:01His wife and cat healed Yoshihiro.
08:05I see.
08:08I guess that's the secret to Yoshihiro's popularity.
08:11Yes, I think so.
08:14Yoshihiro, with his brother Yoshihisa,
08:17strives for the prosperity of the Shimazu family.
08:20However, as time goes by,
08:23the gap between the two brothers deepens.
08:26What happened behind the scenes?
08:29Please take a look.
08:34Please withdraw your army!
08:37The Seki-gaha was divided.
08:40The Western army betrayed its allies
08:43and was defeated in less than half a day.
08:46The Shimazu army, led by Yoshihiro,
08:49was only 1,500 men.
08:52The Toyotomi army was completely defeated.
08:57We won't back down!
09:00Advance!
09:03Yoshihiro's desire to advance
09:06was deeply rooted in his heart.
09:14The Shimazu brothers,
09:17who were born in the Shimazu family,
09:20were taught by their grandfather,
09:23Tadayoshi, who was the founder of the Shimazu family.
09:26Yoshihisa, Yoshihiro's brother,
09:29was the head of the family.
09:32He was said to be highly capable of war.
09:40Yoshihiro's great-grandfather,
09:43the founder of the Shimazu family,
09:46Yoshihide Shimazu,
09:49was a great influence on Yoshihiro
09:52during his childhood.
09:56Yoshihide had been taking care of Yoshihiro
09:59so that he wouldn't lose his temper.
10:05In 1566,
10:07when Yoshihisa, Yoshihiro's brother,
10:10became the head of the family,
10:13Yoshihiro won many battles
10:16and became the leader of the Shimazu family.
10:19The Shimazu family was one step closer
10:22to the peace in Kyushu.
10:25In 1587,
10:27Yoshihisa surrendered to the Japanese army.
10:32Yoshihisa, who surrendered to Hideyoshi,
10:35without saying a word,
10:38continued to fight.
10:45Nina, the first person in the Shimazu family,
10:48predicted Yoshihiro's state of mind.
10:51He predicted Yoshihiro's state of mind.
11:15However, Yoshihisa strongly persuaded him
11:18and Yoshihiro also surrendered.
11:22Most of the provisions were taken away by Hideyoshi
11:25and only Minami Kyushu was left.
11:32At that time, Yoshihisa took care of Satsuma
11:35and Yoshihiro took care of Ousumi and Hyuga.
11:43Mr. Hori, who was familiar with the Toyotomi regime,
11:46said that Hideyoshi played a major role
11:49in the division of the Shimazu family.
12:01Furthermore, Hideyoshi was good at martial arts
12:04and started to treat Yoshihiro as his leader.
12:10However, the Shimazu family was not at ease.
12:14Yoshihisa was the leader of the Shimazu family.
12:20Yoshihiro was also very obedient to Yoshihisa.
12:25I think Yoshihiro was afraid that
12:28the brotherhood would collapse and he would become a criminal.
12:33Yoshihiro was aware that he was Yoshihisa's vassal
12:36and obeyed the Toyotomi regime.
12:40However, there was a thought.
12:45Yoshihiro, who had no authority,
12:48suddenly surrendered to Hideyoshi.
12:54He had to obey Hideyoshi's order.
13:01Such a twisted relationship
13:04spread among the brothers.
13:10After the unification of the country,
13:13Hideyoshi ordered the Shimazu family
13:16to issue 10,000 military taxes
13:19in order to expand the continent.
13:23Yoshihiro hurriedly led his army
13:26and headed to Hizen,
13:29the base of the Korean War.
13:33However, the soldiers did not follow him.
13:36Yoshihiro led his army
13:39and borrowed a ship and hurried to Kusange.
13:44This is what he wrote in his heart at that time.
13:49The ship did not come at all,
13:52so I became the number one person in Japan
13:55and lost my reputation.
13:59The relationship with Yoshihisa gradually deteriorated.
14:06Yoshihisa's Revenge
14:09Yoshihisa's Revenge
14:12Yoshihisa's Revenge
14:15Yoshihisa's Revenge
14:18Yoshihisa's Revenge
14:23Yoshihisa lost his reputation
14:26due to the loss of his land in Bunroku.
14:29He was angry with the country.
14:32In the case of the land,
14:35the Shimazu family did not do well.
14:38The cause was Yoshihisa,
14:41who was eager to reform the territory.
14:45The Yoshihiro family felt that.
14:49And the dissatisfaction with Yoshihisa grew.
14:53However, Yoshihisa had his own judgment.
14:56Yoshihisa had his own judgment.
14:59I think Yoshihiro felt that even if he cooperated with the government, he would not be able to win in the Korean War.
15:10Yoshihiro went to the 2nd Korean War, at Keicho Station, to check the situation.
15:18This time, he was able to attract about 10,000 soldiers, with the help of Mitsunari Ishida, Hideyoshi's close friend.
15:26The Japanese army needed tens of thousands of soldiers, but Yoshihiro fought with his son, Tadatsunera, and won the battle on the battlefield.
15:40There were also times when Yoshihiro helped the soldiers who were at risk of their lives.
15:47Yoshihiro originally fought with the soldiers at the front line, so he had a sense of distance from the others.
15:58For example, he would look at the injured soldiers and apply medicine.
16:05I think he was definitely a soldier who was very kind to the soldiers.
16:14In Sanaka, Keicho Station, Tenkabito Hideyoshi died.
16:21However, Yoshihiro's death was recognized by the Toyotomi government, and the Shimazu family was granted 50,000 jobs.
16:30For this reason, it is said that Tokugawa Ieyasu, who had a strong opinion of Yoshihiro, strongly pushed him.
16:37Of course, when Hideyoshi died, he said he would protect Hideyoshi's will, but he probably had no intention of protecting Ieyasu, especially Yoshihiro.
16:49I think he had a strong desire to make him his ally.
16:53After that, Mitsunari, who was in charge of the Toyotomi government's military affairs,
16:58Yoshihiro's son, Tadatsune, became the adopted son of his older brother, Yoshihisa, and inherited the family name of the Shimazu family.
17:10I don't doubt Yoshihiro believes that what Mitsunari says is the only way to survive as the Toyotomi Emperor.
17:20At this time, Yoshihiro had fallen in love with Mitsunari, and the gap between him and the Toyotomi government was widening.
17:32In the midst of this, a huge riot broke out.
17:36A huge riot broke out, and when Tadatsune assassinated Hittogarō, the Toyotomi family rebelled and settled in the capital city of Hyuga.
17:55Ieyasu saw this riot as an insult to the Toyotomi government and intervened.
18:01If the greatest Ieyasu doesn't come out, it's impossible to control Shimazuchi's internal affairs.
18:10In the spring of the year 1600, the Hittogarō family accepted Ieyasu's edict and settled in Hyuga.
18:19However, the situation didn't allow them to let their guard down.
18:23However, the situation didn't allow them to let their guard down.
18:27In the midst of this, a huge riot broke out, and Yoshihiro was caught up in a new wave of battle.
18:39Yoshihiro has a sense of humor and a high sense of pride, but he's kind to the soldiers at the end of the war.
18:46He's like a model for a military officer.
18:48That's true. Yoshihiro is more like a model for a military officer than Yoshihisa.
18:56Yoshihisa is a man who can't be fooled, he's a politician.
19:00Yoshihiro stood at the forefront of the battlefield and fought alongside the soldiers at the end of the war.
19:07I think that's why Yoshihiro was so popular.
19:11In the first place, why did Hideyoshi see Yoshihiro as the leader of the Shimazuke family?
19:16There was a background to this.
19:19Of course, Yoshihisa had to take responsibility for the war in Kyushu and Heitei.
19:23This was one of the reasons why Yoshihiro was so popular.
19:28However, there was a division of power that Hideyoshi was good at.
19:32Yes, there was.
19:35For Hideyoshi, Yoshihiro was much easier to deal with than Yoshihisa.
19:42On the other hand, Yoshihisa was in the country.
19:46Hideyoshi was trying to change Hideyoshi.
19:49Hideyoshi was trying to change Hideyoshi.
19:52Hideyoshi was trying to change Hideyoshi.
19:57It was like Hideyoshi's pot.
20:00It was like Hideyoshi's pot.
20:03Yoshihiro's son, Tadatsune, inherited the family name of the Shimazuke family.
20:07Yes, that's right.
20:09But it didn't work out at all.
20:12Tadatsune was a problem.
20:15In 1599, the year before the battle of Sekigahara,
20:21Tadatsune invited a man named Ijuin Tadamune to a tea party.
20:26Tadatsune invited a man named Ijuin Tadamune to a tea party.
20:29Tadatsune killed Ijuin Tadamune.
20:34Tadatsune killed Tadamune.
20:37There is a theory that Tadatsune killed Tadamune in a small tea party.
20:41There is no deep reason.
20:43It is written in the book of Ishida Mitsunari that Tadatsune killed Tadamune with a single blow.
20:48It is written in the book of Ishida Mitsunari that Tadamune killed Tadamune with a single blow.
20:52Of course, the Ijuin family was not settled.
20:55Tadamune's son, Tadazane, started a rebellion.
21:01This is the battle of the war between the shogunate and the shogunate.
21:04Tadamune tried to subdue the shogunate.
21:07However, the shogunate was defeated.
21:10Tadamune's son, Tadamune, began a political revolution and started a Japanese-style war.
21:16Is there any doubt that Tadamune caused a great chaos in the Shimazuke family?
21:23There is no doubt.
21:25No matter how much the parent company evaluates him,
21:28if he cannot move his company freely, he cannot move forward.
21:32Furthermore, it is natural for him to fall into poverty if his feet tremble.
21:41The battle between the two countries broke out in the middle of the battle.
21:46Yoshihiro was ready for the battle, but an unexpected outcome was waiting for him.
21:51The countdown to defeat began.
21:55It was three months after the battle between the two countries ended that Ieyasu, who had lost his mind, set out for Tenkatori.
22:12Yoshihiro, who was in Kamigata, saw off Ieyasu, who was heading to Aizu.
22:24Ieyasu was going to attack Aizu.
22:27He asked me to go to Fushimi Castle at that time.
22:33I wrote a letter to my country and told them to send the soldiers as soon as possible.
22:40However, Yoshihisa and Sadatsune were not able to send the soldiers because they were afraid of the invasion from the neighboring country and the possibility of a civil war again.
22:52In the meantime, the situation suddenly changed.
23:02Mitsunari, who was exiled from the Toyotomi regime, joined forces with Mori Terumoto and Otani Yoshitsugura.
23:12On the other hand, Yoshihiro rushed to Fushimi Castle as instructed by Ieyasu.
23:21However, Torii Mototada, who was in charge of the castle in Ieyasu's place, refused to join them.
23:30I guess he didn't trust them.
23:33Shimazu had a hostage in Osaka.
23:38He didn't know when he could get it back.
23:41At that time, Toyotomi Daimyo's wife and children had become hostages of the Western army under Mitsunari's instructions.
23:51Yoshihiro's family was almost occupied by the Western army.
23:56Yoshihiro, who had only 200 soldiers, thought that he joined the Western army because he was completely isolated.
24:07Yoshihiro sent a messenger to his country again and asked for reinforcements, but the soldiers were not sent.
24:16Meanwhile, the country was in turmoil.
24:21Yoshihiro, who thought that he had joined the Eastern army, was shocked to learn that he had joined the Western army.
24:30Yoshihiro's brother and his son, Tadatsune, made a radical decision not to send troops.
24:38I think Yoshihiro thought, why did he join the Western army?
24:45Yoshihiro joined the Western army in the battle of Fushimijo and won the battle.
24:57Ieyasu, who learned of the defeat of Fushimijo, ordered Ii Naomasa, the head of the Tokugawa family, to lead a battalion and retreat to the west.
25:09The decisive battle against the Eastern army was approaching.
25:14Yoshihiro strongly appealed to Tadatsune in his letter.
25:20I am ready to give up my life for the sake of the direction of Lord Hideyori and for the sake of Shimazu family.
25:37Gifu Castle
25:43On August 23, Gifu Castle, the residence of Oda Hidenobu, the Western army, was destroyed in just one day.
25:53The prime minister of the Western army, Yoshihiro Hajime, entered Oga Castle and prepared for the arrival of the Eastern army.
26:02In September, Yoshihiro's wife, Hiroi Kikkawa, who lived in Ota, arrived in Sekigahara.
26:12Is the Eastern army not here yet?
26:16At that moment, Yoshihiro was very angry.
26:21Hundreds of soldiers from all over Japan rushed to Yoshihiro.
26:27Yoshihiro is in trouble.
26:31I think that everyone came here with the thought that they should fulfill their role now.
26:38The Shimazu team, which reached about 1,500 people, set up a camp as Mitsunari's henchmen.
26:45September 14th
26:53On September 14th, Ii Naomasa and Hiroi Kikkawa joined the Kishomon in Himitsuri, and the alliance between Tokugawa and Mōri was formed.
27:05Yoshihiro also received a letter from Nagamasa Kuroda, wishing to join the Eastern army.
27:14We were comrades who fought in the same war, so I think we talked to each other.
27:21Considering the influence of the Shimazu brand, I wanted to join the Shimazu team.
27:29Taishō's Ieyasu also did not want to turn Yoshihiro into an enemy, but Yoshihiro was already in a situation where he could not return.
27:40September 15th
27:46On the morning when the fog that covered Sekigahara was still not clear, Ii Naomasa's artillery fired, and it was time for the decisive battle.
27:55September 16th
28:03On the morning when the fog that covered Sekigahara was still not clear, Ii Naomasa's artillery fired, and it was time for the decisive battle.
28:10Kobayakawa Hideaki, who was thought to be a member of the Western army, attacked Ōtani Yoshitsugu's team, causing a great chaos in the Western army.
28:20Kobayakawa Hideaki, who was thought to be a member of the Western army, attacked Ōtani Yoshitsugu's team, causing a great chaos in the Western army.
28:30Kobayakawa Hideaki, who was thought to be a member of the Western army, attacked Ōtani Yoshitsugu's team, causing a great chaos in the Western army.
28:37Soon, the Western army began to retreat, and the commander began to deliver.
28:43September 17th
28:51Yoshihiro was watching as his allies were taken by surprise.
29:01If there were 5,000 Satsuma soldiers, we could have won today's battle.
29:08Yoshihiro said this three times.
29:15Yoshihiro was defeated.
29:21Yoshihiro was defeated.
29:29Yoshihiro, who was left on the battlefield after the battle, was still burning his head.
29:37Yoshihiro, who was left on the battlefield after the battle, was still burning his head.
29:45For Yoshihiro, it doesn't matter who wins or loses.
29:53It's important to be able to show your strength.
30:01There are many people like that in Shimazu City.
30:07It's not about winning or losing. It's about how manly you are.
30:15I think it's amazing that Shimazu City has developed such a mentality.
30:21However, I don't think I can evaluate Yoshihiro's actions just before Sekigahara.
30:26Yoshihiro decided to go to Shimazu City.
30:32However, Yoshihiro decided to go to Shimazu City.
30:37I think Yoshihiro was thinking about which way to go to Shimazu City.
30:46Yoshihiro received a request from Ieyasu to join Fushimi Castle.
30:52Yoshihiro was thinking about joining the Edo Shogunate.
30:58Yoshihiro was rejected.
31:01Fushimi Castle was a place where the Western army was gathering.
31:05Yoshihiro was thinking about joining the Edo Shogunate.
31:10Yoshihiro was thinking about joining the Edo Shogunate.
31:15Yoshihiro was thinking about joining the Edo Shogunate.
31:21Yoshihiro was thinking about joining the Edo Shogunate.
31:28However, Yoshihiro was rejected.
31:33Yoshihiro was thinking about joining the Edo Shogunate.
31:35Yoshihiro is the son of Yoshihiro.
31:43Even Yoshihiro's son is saying that he won't send troops to the battlefield.
31:48I think this is quite painful.
31:51Yoshihiro was defeated by Yoshihiro's son.
31:57However, Ieyasu won the battle.
32:00This is a situation that is very likely to happen.
32:03At that time, Yoshihiro will not be able to join the Edo Shogunate.
32:06Even though Yoshihiro's son is saying that he won't send troops to the battlefield,
32:10Yoshihiro's son's troops came to Yoshihiro.
32:14I think this is a proof that Yoshihiro's son was good at manpower.
32:19I'll give you one more example.
32:22Aside from the fact that Yoshihiro liked Chūgi,
32:25this was the end of the Sengoku period.
32:29If Yoshihiro was a samurai, the war would have ended.
32:32Yoshihiro would not have had a chance to make a name for himself.
32:35He would have lost his pride.
32:38That's right.
32:40Yoshihiro was thinking that he would have won if he had 5,000 soldiers.
32:44Do you think the result would have been different if he had 5,000 soldiers?
32:47That's right.
32:49It really depends on how high the rivalry between Yoshihiro and Shimazu was.
32:53It also depends on what kind of role he would have played.
32:56For example, even if he couldn't win the battle of Sekigahara,
32:59when Mitsunari and Ishida were heading towards Sawayama,
33:02I think there was a high possibility that Shimazu would hold out in Sekigahara and escape.
33:09What would happen if that happened?
33:11Mitsunari and Ishida were able to escape to Osaka Castle through Sawayama Castle without getting hurt.
33:17I don't know where the battle took place after that,
33:22but I think it was a different opportunity.
33:25I see.
33:27First of all, it was a failure to apologize to the opponent who was on your side.
33:31Moreover, you can't win if you let your guard down.
33:36Even if you are full of motivation, the result will not follow.
33:42In Sekigahara, where the defeat of the Western army was certain,
33:47Yoshihiro took a decisive action.
33:50This is the so-called Shimazu's exit.
33:53And here is the whereabouts of Shimazu family.
33:58Yoshihiro, who was isolated in Sekigahara, made a bold decision.
34:04He decided to break through the enemy in the front and leave the battlefield.
34:09I think there was such an opinion among the Kashinda.
34:13If you're going to die anyway, let's go for it.
34:18The withdrawal of Shimazu family.
34:22This is the beginning of the Shimazu's exit.
34:28Yoshihiro, the head of the Eastern army,
34:31pierced Mitsunari's Uusuki and broke through the Iii Fukushima Corps.
34:36And he moved to Isekaido, which was close to Ieyasu's main camp.
34:45He was immediately attacked by Iii Nagamasara,
34:49but Shimazu's soldiers did not look back on their lives and surrendered.
34:54If you are told that you are strong,
34:58Shimazu throws away his life and rushes in.
35:02There is no other such scary army.
35:05And he attacked Iii Nagamasa and injured him.
35:12No matter what, I have to bring Yoshihiro back to the country alive.
35:17The Kashinda threw their own lives to protect their lord.
35:25Some of them wore Yoshihiro's armor,
35:28deceived the enemy and killed him.
35:35Yoshihiro, who sacrificed many of his family,
35:40retrieved his wife, Tadatsuge, who was a hostage in Osaka Castle,
35:47and returned to Satsuma.
35:52Saito, who is a guide in Shimazu,
35:56which is now the capital of Miyazaki Prefecture,
36:00praised Yoshihiro's actions.
36:04Yoshihiro's love for his wife and daughter
36:09was not only his love for his wife,
36:12but also his love for his men.
36:16However, Yoshihiro did not say anything negative.
36:23I heard that you and Ieyasu escaped death.
36:28Nevertheless, you followed Mitsunari's orders.
36:33As a samurai, you should be ashamed of yourself.
36:38I want to say that Yoshihiro had no choice.
36:43But why did Yoshihiro choose Ieyasu?
36:49I don't know.
36:52After that, negotiations with Tokugawa began.
36:57Madoguchi is Ii Naomasa, who was injured by Shimazu.
37:04Naomasa did not have a marriage,
37:07but he went to Shimazu for his family.
37:12In addition, Yoshihiro's name and Shimazu's name
37:17were revealed from the Shodaimyo.
37:21Yoshihiro's reputation among the people of Korea was good.
37:27After the war in Sekigahara,
37:30all the Shodaimyo agreed to help Shimazu.
37:34Ieyasu could not ignore that.
37:41Ieyasu accepted Shimazu's marriage and Yoshihiro's name.
37:50Then, in 1917, Yoshihiro was 85 years old.
37:59Even though he was forbidden to marry,
38:0313 women followed him.
38:09Tokushige Shrine in Hiyoki City, Kagoshima Prefecture,
38:13where Yoshihiro was worshipped as a saint.
38:20Every year in October,
38:23the participants in the ritual
38:26walk 20 kilometers from Kagoshima City to this shrine.
38:32What is the charm of Yoshihiro Shimazu,
38:36which is still loved by many people?
38:39He was a very educational father.
38:44He took care of his children very well.
38:47He was a father who could be found anywhere.
38:52But when a war broke out,
38:55people around him thought he was a demon.
39:02I thought he was cool.
39:05Yoshihiro Shimazu,
39:08who continued to fight for the prosperity of his family.
39:14His passionate feelings
39:17have been passed on to the people of today
39:20as the spirit of Hayato Sasuma.
39:32I think there were a lot of problems
39:35with the Shimazu family,
39:38such as the confusion among the family members
39:40and the war.
39:43But Yoshihiro was so strong
39:46that he came back safely
39:49from the battlefield of Sekigahara.
39:52I think that's why Yoshihiro was so strong.
39:56Here is the viewpoint of Jun Ito,
39:59who observes the back side of history
40:02from the perspective of a historian.
40:05This strategy has been said to be reckless since ancient times.
40:08But if you think about it,
40:11I think it was a rational strategy.
40:14If Yoshihiro were to escape to the mountains behind him,
40:18he would probably lose his soldiers.
40:21Rather than not be able to return,
40:24he would get lost and die.
40:27It's not cool to get caught in the mountains.
40:31Yoshihiro's pride is that
40:34he can't show such a miserable appearance.
40:36Even if he were to be shot,
40:39he would be shot on the battlefield.
40:42He's already 66 years old,
40:45so he has no regrets.
40:48I think that's why he decided
40:51to break through the Shimazu family.
40:54This is Naomasa I,
40:57who was injured by Yoshihiro.
41:00I think this is an interesting story.
41:02Yoshihiro is a common sense person.
41:05He's a comrade of the Sengoku army.
41:08He's a common sense person.
41:11Naomasa doesn't have any grudges against Yoshihiro.
41:14He tries his best to protect the Shimazu family.
41:17Naomasa is a great person,
41:20but I think Yoshihiro and Naomasa
41:23trusted Naomasa and asked him
41:26to leave the family.
41:28So, in that kind of communication,
41:31the Shimazu family's true intention
41:34was fulfilled.
41:37Yes, that's right.
41:40It's not that the Shimazu family
41:43had the ability to go abroad,
41:46but they didn't have the courage
41:49to send Yoshihiro to Ieyasu.
41:52Yoshihiro was so strong that
41:55he was afraid to do it.
41:58But Naomasa told Yoshihiro
42:01to leave the family
42:04and leave it to Naomasa.
42:07Another thing is that
42:10Naomasa remembered that
42:13Yoshihiro couldn't go to Ieyasu
42:16and accepted Yoshihiro
42:19as a member of the Sengoku army.
42:22Once again, please tell us
42:25what we should learn
42:28about Naomasa and Yoshihiro.
42:31I think Yoshihiro was a man
42:34with no authority.
42:37I think that's why
42:40both Hideyoshi and Ieyasu
42:43liked him.
42:46On the other hand,
42:49I think he was easy to handle.
42:52I think that's why
42:55he appeared in Sekigahara.
42:58I think that's why
43:01he was able to succeed.
43:04I think that's why
43:07he was able to succeed.
43:10I think that's why
43:13he was able to succeed.
43:16He was a man of courage.
43:19He avoided the problem
43:22and solved it.
43:25He was a man
43:28with no authority.
43:31This is the lesson
43:34we can learn from Yoshihiro Shimazu's defeat.
43:41We watched the battle of Sekigahara
43:44from the point of view
43:47of each member of the Sengoku army.
43:50Both of them had their own reasons
43:53and their own worries.
43:55It was interesting to see
43:58how they understood each other.
44:01In a battle,
44:04it's not about winning
44:07or losing.
44:10In the case of Ii Naomasa,
44:13he didn't just want to win.
44:16He wanted to win in a special way.
44:19In the case of Yoshihiro Shimazu,
44:22he had problems with his siblings.
44:25He was in a bad situation
44:28and couldn't move forward.
44:31It was interesting to see
44:34how each member of the Sengoku army
44:37understood each other.
44:40I hope we can see
44:43how each member of the Sengoku army
44:46thought about the battle of Sekigahara.
44:49Thank you for your time.
44:55See you next time.