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00:00This year is the 100th year of the Showa.
00:05How has Japan changed compared to 100 years ago?
00:11100 years ago, that is, 100 years before and after the Showa,
00:16Japan looked like this.
00:20Japan became unstable after the 3rd year of the Great Kanto Earthquake.
00:25Many industrialists were in trouble.
00:30What was the best industry in Japan 100 years ago?
00:36What did Japan export the most 100 years ago?
00:42How much population did Japan have 100 years ago?
00:48How much average life expectancy did Japan have compared to 100 years ago?
00:54If you look at that, you can see that Japan is completely different from now.
01:03This year, 2025, is the 100th year of the Showa.
01:09So it is also called the 100th year of the Showa.
01:13How has Japan changed compared to 100 years ago?
01:17If we go back 100 years, it seems that many eras have changed.
01:22Is it the Showa for us?
01:26It's a long time ago.
01:30It's strange because Showa is short.
01:34Anyway, there is an image of black and white.
01:39I was born in 1942, but my house was like Karate.
01:44This year is the 100th year of the Showa.
01:47What kind of country was Japan 100 years ago?
01:52Let's start with this episode when the Showa started.
01:58In the Showa era, there were only 7 days.
02:03Emperor Taisho was deposed on December 25, 1915.
02:10On that day, the Showa was established.
02:14In the Showa era, there were only 7 days.
02:18At the end of the Showa era, there were 7 days.
02:23In the Showa era and the Showa 64, there were 7 days.
02:28In the Showa era, there was a law called the Fifth Law of the Century.
02:34Look at this.
02:36This is a daily newspaper in Tokyo.
02:39Emperor Taisho was deposed.
02:42Look at this.
02:44It says, the Fifth Law of the Century.
02:46Did you make a mistake?
02:48It says, the Fifth Law of the Century.
02:51Emperor Taisho was deposed.
02:53When this was published, it was the Showa era.
02:59Emperor Taisho was deposed.
03:02Emperor Taisho was deposed.
03:05Emperor Taisho was deposed.
03:08The Showa era was established in the Showa period.
03:12However, the Japanese newspaper Tokyo wrote about the Showa period.
03:16So, the government changed the Showa era.
03:20That's the theory.
03:23Generally, it is said that this is the Fifth Law of the Century.
03:28This year is the 100th year of the Showa era.
03:32How many people were there in Japan 100 years ago?
03:36By the way, on January 1st this year,
03:40there were 123.59 million people.
03:43Let's say 70 million people.
03:4570 million people.
03:47I think it was about 50 million people.
03:49That's not a lot.
03:51The answer is here.
03:5359,736,822 people.
03:57That's half of the current population.
04:01In the Showa period, the population continued to increase.
04:04It exceeded 100 million people in 1967.
04:07The year of birth.
04:09The phenomenon continued to peak in 2008.
04:15Why do we know the exact population of 100 years ago?
04:21I don't know.
04:23It doesn't seem to have a proper census like now.
04:28That's why the local government did their best.
04:35Did they count it?
04:37Yes, they counted it.
04:39Isn't Japan having a good census?
04:41Is that so?
04:43In fact, a national survey had begun.
04:47A national survey began in 1920.
04:51After that, a national survey was conducted every five years.
04:56That's why there are so many detailed numbers.
05:00The national survey was conducted once every five years.
05:03This year is the year of the national survey.
05:07October 1st is the date.
05:11October 1st is the date of the national survey.
05:16In fact, it hasn't changed since the beginning of the Taisho era.
05:23It is said that autumn is suitable for a national survey.
05:28It's 100 years ago in Japan.
05:30There are many seasons in winter.
05:33It's too hot in summer.
05:35It's hard to go to the survey.
05:37In spring, people go on a trip.
05:39At that time, it was called Yusan.
05:41There are many people who go on a trip.
05:44In the end, autumn is good.
05:48Especially at that time, many people were farmers.
05:51It's October 1st.
05:53October 1st is the season of the year.
05:56It's a little before the winter solstice.
05:59That's why it's called October 1st.
06:04Then, where do you think was the most populated city in Japan 100 years ago?
06:13That's Tokyo.
06:16No, it's not.
06:19It's not Tokyo.
06:21It's simply Osaka.
06:25No way!
06:27There were about 2.1 million people in Osaka.
06:31There were about 2 million people in Tokyo.
06:34There was a big disaster in the Great Kanto Earthquake.
06:37Some people moved to other cities.
06:40Osaka was more populated.
06:42And Tokyo was different from now.
06:46At that time, there were only 15 prefectures in Tokyo.
06:55This is the only prefecture in Tokyo.
06:57This is the center of Tokyo.
06:59This is not the prefecture of Tokyo.
07:01Shibuya station is out of town.
07:04That's why there were fewer people in Tokyo than in Osaka.
07:11The prefecture of Tokyo now is Sengo.
07:15It was established in 1947.
07:20100 years ago, Shibuya station and Shinjuku station were both outside of Tokyo.
07:28There was another difference.
07:32Tokyo was a prefecture of Tokyo.
07:36Until 100 years ago, there was no prefecture of Tokyo.
07:40It was a prefecture of Tokyo.
07:42There was a prefecture of Tokyo in the prefecture of Tokyo.
07:46The prefecture of Tokyo was established in 1943.
07:51It was in the 18th year of the Showa era.
07:53The prefecture of Tokyo and the prefecture of Tokyo have become two different prefectures.
07:57There was too much waste.
07:59So the prefecture of Tokyo was established.
08:03There are Osaka and Koso.
08:05The prefecture of Osaka and the prefecture of Osaka are two different prefectures.
08:08So the prefecture of Osaka and the prefecture of Koso should be like the prefecture of Tokyo.
08:16This year is the 100th year of the Showa era.
08:19What kind of life did Japan have 100 years ago?
08:24The next topic is the average life expectancy.
08:29First, let's look at the current average life expectancy.
08:34The average life expectancy in 2023 is 81.09 years for men and 87.14 years for women.
08:44Mr. Matsushima, how old do you think it was 100 years ago?
08:48Mr. Oda Nobunaga said it was 50 years ago.
08:52So I think it was 73 years ago.
08:58Let's see.
09:00100 years ago, men were 44.82 years old and women were 46.54 years old.
09:08It's about half of what we have now.
09:10Why?
09:11If you die as a child, will the average age go down?
09:13No.
09:14The average life expectancy is not the average age of a person who is alive now.
09:18The average life expectancy of a baby is the average life expectancy of a 0-year-old baby.
09:28So even if you were born as a baby, there were a lot of people who died as they were.
09:32Why is that?
09:34Because of malnutrition or because there is no vaccine now.
09:38It was very common for people to die of diarrhea.
09:43The current average life expectancy is about 2 out of 1,000 people.
09:48100 years ago, it was 141.7 out of 1,000 people.
09:5614%?
09:57That's a lot.
09:59So if you live longer than that, you can live longer.
10:03Of course, there were people who lived 60 to 70 years.
10:08There is an old age.
10:09Old age means old age.
10:12I see.
10:13That's why it's called old age.
10:15It was said that it was rare to live to 70 years old.
10:19I see.
10:21It was such an era.
10:23The next topic is the name of a child.
10:29Here are the top three most popular names today.
10:35There are many names that are easy to call, have a good sound, and make you think of nature.
10:42The most popular name of the second year of the Showa era.
10:45The second year of the Showa era?
10:46Yes.
10:47I see.
10:48What do you think the name of the second year of the Showa era is?
10:53I think it's Taro or Ichiro.
10:56It's the second year of the Showa era, so isn't it Shoji?
11:00The second year of the Showa era.
11:02What was popular at the time when the year had just changed?
11:07Yes.
11:08Shoji.
11:09That's amazing.
11:10It's Shoji.
11:12It's the second year of the Showa era, so it's Shoji.
11:14And then Akira.
11:15And then Kazuo in the Showa era.
11:17I see.
11:18This is Kazuko, right?
11:20This is Akiko, right?
11:22The two letters of the Showa era are almost unique.
11:26The wish of the parents who want them to have a good life with the new era.
11:32And another reason.
11:36In fact, many people didn't know this character in the Showa era.
11:40What?
11:41Is it a new character?
11:42There are four points in the Showa era.
11:44Everyone knew the name of the Showa era.
11:46But when I was told that the new word was the Showa era,
11:49many people were surprised that there was such a kanji.
11:53Originally, it was taken from ancient China.
11:56So it was announced that it was made in the Showa era in the hope of bright knowledge and harmonious peace.
12:05And then it became popular and people started to use it.
12:10In the Showa era, there were ideals and wishes of the Showa era.
12:15It was thought to be a good word for good luck.
12:20In the early days of the Taisho era, the character Sho was very popular.
12:25And in the early days of the Showa era, the girl's name was called Marumaru-ko.
12:33I haven't heard it much lately.
12:36When did it change?
12:39In the second year of the Heisei era.
12:41The name of the girl's name became popular.
12:45I think it's in the book.
12:47No, it's not.
12:49Let's take a look at the Showa era in order.
12:53Here it is.
12:55In the early days of the Showa era, it's all in the book.
12:59It's all from 1st to 10th place.
13:08In the early days of the Showa era, Akemi came out for the first time.
13:12Yukari, Naomi, Akemi, Mayumi, Naomi, Kaori, Mayumi.
13:21There are more and more surprises.
13:26In the early days of the Showa era, in 1986,
13:30It's completely gone.
13:32On the contrary, when a young girl died, she said,
13:35I'm envious of ko.
13:37There was a girl who said that.
13:39It's going to be popular.
13:41Ko Banare started in the early days of the Showa era.
13:46Famous people who couldn't say ko were well noticed on TV.
13:52The number of names other than ko has increased.
13:58After Showa 100 years,
14:01Clothing.
14:04Now, it's only a commemorative day to wear Japanese clothes.
14:10How was it 100 years ago?
14:14There is such a document that was investigated in 1925.
14:19The proportion of men walking on Ginza Street is 67%.
14:25What do you think the proportion of women was?
14:30I have a great impression of women's gorgeous clothes of that era.
14:36It's 90% women.
14:39In the manga, Chibimaruko's classmate has a child in a gofukuya.
14:44If it's a gofukuya, it's not that expensive.
14:50It's about 10% for 10 people.
14:54The proportion of women is 1%.
14:57It's so low.
15:00Mr. Hotta, it's 1%.
15:04There are many people in Japanese clothes.
15:08Why did men start cheating so suddenly?
15:12It's because they are soldiers.
15:14I see.
15:15They are all soldiers.
15:17It's Chōheisei.
15:19All men go to the army.
15:21They wear military clothes.
15:23I see.
15:24In addition, it was adopted as a student uniform.
15:28That's why men started to wear military clothes so suddenly.
15:32In particular, it's a formal back-stretching style.
15:36Or it's a nakaore stick.
15:38It's like this.
15:42On the other hand, among women in the urban area,
15:46there are modern girls.
15:48These women are also called moga.
15:52Since then, they have been used as a symbol of modern culture in newspapers and magazines.
15:58It's a kind of gravure.
16:01From that time, they are cool people.
16:05Some people think they are cool.
16:08On the other hand, some conservative people say,
16:10Why do they wear western-style clothes?
16:13They are abandoning Japanese tradition.
16:16Some people criticized that.
16:19The man in the back is looking at us with a stern look.
16:23It's a little...
16:24He is a moga.
16:26He is a moga.
16:27In the early Shōwa period, especially in summer,
16:30this dress was popular among women.
16:35Do you know what it was called at that time?
16:38If you are in your 50s or older, do you know?
16:42Mr. Ijuni, do you know?
16:44It's an old word.
16:45Appappa.
16:47That's right.
16:48Appappa is right.
16:49Yes, that's right.
16:50Appappa.
16:51My father told me to wear Appappa.
16:54Does it mean you can wear it quickly?
16:56I think so.
16:57It's easy to wear without a belt.
16:59It's easy to wash.
17:01It's easy to get a cold.
17:03I think I said Appappa for the first time in 45 years.
17:08Appappa.
17:09I think so, too.
17:10That's right.
17:11When I talked about this, the staff said Appappa.
17:14It's nostalgic.
17:17This year is the 100th year of Shōwa.
17:20Everything has become convenient now.
17:24What kind of life was it 100 years ago?
17:29Electricity, water, and gas are commonly used now.
17:33What was it like 100 years ago?
17:36First of all, it's electricity.
17:38Mr. Ijuni, what do you think?
17:39I got an email on the radio the other day.
17:42I asked what the most surprising electrical appliance was when I was born.
17:48An 80-year-old woman who lived in the countryside said,
17:53She said,
17:56I was very impressed.
17:58I think it's very low.
18:00I think it's less than 10%.
18:02I see.
18:03Everyone thinks it's so low because it's 100 years ago.
18:07This is 87%.
18:11Is this in Tokyo?
18:12No, it's all over the country.
18:13All over the country?
18:14That's why there was no electricity when I went to the countryside or Shankanbu.
18:18That's why there was no electricity when I went to the countryside or Shankanbu.
18:21I see.
18:23Since the beginning of the Showa era from the Heisho era,
18:26The power grid has been rapidly developed,
18:29and the power generation rate has improved.
18:33Now, most of the power is generated by firepower.
18:38100 years ago, it was mainly water power generation.
18:44At the time of the spread of electricity to the countryside,
18:47it was a time when electricity was finally available.
18:51It was a time when it was said that lighting a house with electricity was a trend at that time.
18:56It was a time when it was said that it was progressing.
19:02Electricity was widespread,
19:06but only a part of the city could use water and gas.
19:11In Toshibu, where all three can be used,
19:15there is a housewife who is very happy with the opening of the gas.
19:19What is the reason?
19:22The gas furnace has come out.
19:26There is no need to start a fire.
19:29It has become very convenient.
19:33In addition, gas has been used for stoves, baths, etc.
19:37It means that it will develop into an infrastructure that supports the lives of the people.
20:07It's fluffy, isn't it?
20:09It's perfect for midnight, isn't it?
20:11KINUSAYA, KINU NO KUCHIDOKE GOHOUBI
20:23The blessing of Yuuki is alive.
20:26This is already...
20:29It's not Umeshu, it's The Cho-ya.
20:33I don't want to get drunk, but I want to drink.
20:38The real thing with 0% alcohol.
20:42The Cho-ya that doesn't get drunk.
20:47The largest network in Japan.
20:49The strongest collection of goods in the industry.
20:51Challenge the highest price with DX.
20:53Fulfilling cutting-edge service.
20:55That's why it's the No. 1 seller, Yamada.
20:58New Life Aomensell
21:00Yamada's home appliances and furniture are all here.
21:03Leave it to Yamada to make a whole room with a new life set.
21:06Buy it and get up to 10,000 yen.
21:08Yamada points approved.
21:10Riusu home appliances and interior are also faithful.
21:12Leave the whole new life to Yamada.
21:15Yamada
21:17Yamada
21:22Yamada
21:27Yamada
21:35Yamada
21:41Yamada
21:43Yamada
21:44Yamada
21:46100 years ago, the modernization of the city was rapid.
21:54What was the staple food of the Japanese people 100 years ago?
22:00It was rice.
22:02I think they were already eating rice.
22:05That's true.
22:07They were eating salmon roe.
22:10It was rice.
22:13At that time, there was a lot of wheat.
22:18White rice was a luxury.
22:22Especially in rural areas, rice is a commodity.
22:26There are many households that eat wheat rice.
22:30When preparing a large number of meals, such as military and school lunches,
22:35cheap wheat was recommended to reduce costs.
22:41Because they were grateful for white rice,
22:44they didn't want to get their meals dirty.
22:50They didn't want to get their meals dirty.
22:52They didn't want to get their meals dirty.
22:54There were many people like that.
22:56They were grateful for the cheap rice.
23:01In general, rice was the staple food.
23:04Pickles and miso soup.
23:06Fish and vegetables were the side dishes.
23:10She is 81 years old.
23:13It's easy.
23:15It's easy.
23:16I think it's easy.
23:18I wish I could go back to that time.
23:21I don't think I can go back to that time.
23:25In the city's restaurants,
23:27Western food such as curry rice and croquette is very popular.
23:33This is a Shiseido parlor.
23:36People come here to eat Western food.
23:40Children's lunch was also introduced around this time.
23:46At this time, processed meat such as ham and sausage was popular.
23:51Meat dishes began to expand gradually.
23:56Speaking of staple foods other than rice, there is bread.
24:01Bread became popular because of something we experienced.
24:08Bread became popular with Western food and meat dishes.
24:15In the early Showa period, bread shops were said to have increased in the city.
24:22What do you think made bread more popular?
24:29I see.
24:30Was it staple food?
24:31It was school staple food.
24:33I see.
24:34It is said that it was the strategy of the United States that made bread popular in school staple food.
24:41The bread of school staple food that children ate after the war.
24:46What does it have to do with the United States?
24:50Japan after the war was a serious food.
24:54After the war, Japanese people in China and Southeast Asia came back to Japan.
25:05There was a shortage of food.
25:08On the other hand, there was a lot of wheat left in the United States.
25:12It was the strategy of the United States to sell the remaining wheat to Japan.
25:16It was the strategy of the United States to make Japanese people eat bread.
25:23There was such a thing all over the country.
25:26It's called a nutritionist.
25:29It's like a kitchen now.
25:32There are a lot of people here.
25:34Nutritionists and nurses teach you how to cook wheat.
25:39They teach you how to make bread, udon noodles, and pancakes.
25:47They introduce nutritious recipes using wheat flour.
25:53It is said that Japan lost the war because it ate only rice.
25:58That's why Japan lost to the United States, which ate bread.
26:04From here, bread began to be served in school staple food.
26:10In the 1940s, bread spread throughout Japan.
26:17Now, bread is sold more than rice.
26:22When do you think bread became less popular than rice?
26:28I think bread is popular because it is a bread commercial.
26:34I think it was in 1975.
26:37I think it was around the time of the Spring Bread Festival in Yamazaki.
26:42I think it was before that.
26:45It was in 2011.
26:47It was recently.
26:49It was recently.
26:51That's why bread became less popular.
26:53One reason is that the price of bread has risen.
26:57That's why the price of bread has risen.
27:01When bread became popular, the consumption of rice decreased.
27:05Then, people started to serve rice in school staple food.
27:09It was a little before that.
27:11That's how it started.
27:14We've seen a lot of things from 100 years ago.
27:17Was it really like that in the early Showa period?
27:20We asked a person who was born in Taisho.
27:26Fujioka City, Gunma Prefecture
27:29This woman is in charge of serving and cooking at this ramen shop.
27:37I'm 102 years old.
27:41She was born in Taisho and is 102 years old.
27:45She is very active.
27:47She helps the shop six days a week.
27:50It's easy for her.
27:53I'm glad you help the shop.
27:55It helps me.
27:57I have a habit of moving my legs.
28:00It's a habit.
28:03She doesn't just move her legs.
28:06Can't you wear glasses?
28:08I can't.
28:09I can see up to 1.2 meters.
28:11I was told to wear glasses.
28:14When I think about it, I have a bad gut.
28:17I can't go to the hospital.
28:21We asked Fuku-san, who was 3 years old in the Showa period,
28:25what it was like in the early Showa period.
28:29Was there a water pipe?
28:32There was no water pipe.
28:34There was no water.
28:36Fujioka has a lot of underground water.
28:40You have to dig pretty deep to get water.
28:43It was a lot of work to boil water.
28:48How about gas?
28:51Not at all.
28:53I didn't want to go to a place where there was no water or gas.
28:59When I was a child, I brought charcoal, firewood, and small branches.
29:07I burned everything.
29:10So I can still burn it well.
29:14When there was no water or gas,
29:16what did you think was a luxury?
29:21Most of the meat shops were luxury goods.
29:26I was happy to hear that meat was included in curry.
29:30Then everyone started eating meat.
29:35How much was the allowance?
29:37The allowance?
29:38It was 2,000 yen a day.
29:40When I was in elementary school, I wore four雨玉s.
29:47When did you start wearing Western-style clothes?
29:52When I was in elementary school, I wore everything.
29:56When I was in 6th grade,
29:59I was the only one who wore Western-style clothes for graduation photos.
30:03Have you ever heard of Appappa?
30:07I don't think I've heard of Appappa.
30:12Was it famous?
30:13Yes, it was.
30:16What was the news?
30:20My father liked to buy fashionable things.
30:25So he put a radio in front of the house.
30:27I didn't have a radio at home.
30:29I had a radio at home,
30:31but everyone came to listen to the radio outside in the summer.
30:36That's how I heard a lot of news.
30:38You were a ghost, weren't you?
30:44Let's listen to the most surprising news in her 102-year life.
30:51The war broke out when I was in 2nd grade.
30:56I think it was July 12th.
31:00Oh, that was the war.
31:02The war broke out in the middle of the school year.
31:05I thought it was a joke,
31:07so I didn't think I would be able to use it.
31:12War is not a war to be fought.
31:15The soldiers were great.
31:17There was nothing to eat during the war.
31:21Well, well.
31:23That's how I lived.
31:26Finally, she asked this question.
31:30Is there anything you want to ask Mr. Ikegami?
31:34Well, I'm a short-lived person.
31:39You saw Mr. Ikegami's explanation, didn't you?
31:42I saw it, but I forgot everything.
31:47What is the secret of longevity?
31:50I think working is one of the ways to prevent aging.
31:56Please live a regular life.
32:00Thank you for your words.
32:02Thank you for your words.
32:04I really live an irregular life.
32:06Please live a regular life.
32:08And I will tell you the news in an easy-to-understand way,
32:11so please don't forget it.
32:15Hey, do you know the stock market?
32:18I'm interested in it.
32:19Then, I'll tell you how to live a regular life.
32:23You can have confidence and expectations.
32:26I didn't know that.
32:28You can get advice from a designer for your disability.
32:33My brother works at Ideco.
32:35Even though he is a health care company?
32:37You can get advice from a designer for your disability.
32:40You can get advice from a designer for your disability.
32:41You can get advice from a designer for your disability.
32:44Megane Ichiba will change the common sense of long-distance lens.
32:50It's evolving.
32:52Smooth.
32:53Clear.
32:55The secret is the new lens design.
32:5898% of people have no complaints.
33:01Megane Ichiba's new stress-free long-distance lens is born.
33:07And the additional fee is 0 yen.
33:10The price is reasonable.
33:11Megane Ichiba
33:23Zero sugar?
33:24Zero sugar when you want to eat.
33:26Asahi Style Free
33:29Tsumadori
33:30Is there anything not sweet?
33:31Senpai, non-alcoholic non-alcoholic dance.
33:33Non-alcoholic?
33:34Non-alcoholic but non-alcoholic style balance.
33:37It's delicious.
33:38There are good things, too.
33:39What do you mean?
33:40There are good things, too.
33:41World Style Balance
33:44Do you like a new drum from Nitori?
33:46It's super thin.
33:47It's true.
33:48There are few laundry.
33:49I don't use a dryer.
33:51This cheapness is attractive to me.
33:54More than the price.
33:55Nitori's home appliances.
33:57Even in Shimachu.
33:59Desks that change easily and easily to match the growth of children.
34:04Sometimes the layout is perfect.
34:06The top plate is wide.
34:08Desks that match the growth of children.
34:11More than the price.
34:12Nitori's home appliances.
34:15This year is the 100th year of Showa.
34:17How has the way of working changed?
34:22A hundred years ago,
34:23more than half of the people working in Japan were
34:28in the primary industry such as agriculture.
34:33It was a time when the whole country was focused on agriculture.
34:39There were many people who lived on their own.
34:47As the economy developed,
34:50industrialization and commercialization progressed.
34:54It was also a time when the economic gap between rural areas and cities gradually expanded.
35:01It is said that the current farmers are short of serious people.
35:07What is happening to this ratio now?
35:16It means that the industrial structure has changed so much.
35:20So it is becoming common to work in the third industry.
35:26It means that the way of working has also changed.
35:30The way of working has changed a lot in 100 years.
35:36What kind of job do young people long for?
35:42Nowadays, both men and women are top office workers.
35:47There are many answers that the reason is because it is stable.
35:53You are underestimating the office workers.
35:56Everyone has a different image of an office worker.
35:59In other words, you can do various jobs.
36:02I think that's what it means.
36:06Now, 100 years ago.
36:08To be precise, in the data from the 8th year of the Showa era,
36:11what was the most popular job?
36:15Here it is.
36:18The first place is hidden.
36:23The first place for women is
36:26education.
36:28The teachers at the school were overwhelmingly popular.
36:32Let me give you a hint.
36:35At that time, middle school was a secondary school.
36:38Now, middle school to high school.
36:40Middle school to high school.
36:41So, when you leave middle school, you get a job.
36:44Or you can go to a girls' school as a girl.
36:47It is a very fortunate family.
36:50So, 100 years ago.
36:52What do you think was popular among the elite boys?
36:58I think it's the same education.
37:01Is it in the 4th place?
37:03It's true.
37:04I didn't release two songs.
37:07What is it?
37:08I think it's the military.
37:11The military.
37:14That's right.
37:15For the boys at that time,
37:17the most popular job was the military.
37:20The military had a very high social status.
37:23So, they were respected.
37:26And the salary was stable.
37:28Only the military had pension after retirement.
37:32There was no pension system at that time.
37:35So, if you became a soldier,
37:37you were stable until retirement.
37:39That's why it was so popular.
37:43Next, let's look at Japan 100 years ago.
37:50The national budget of Japan 100 years ago was about 1.6 billion yen.
37:56This is about one-hundredth of the current national budget.
38:03So, what do you think was the biggest income of the country 100 years ago?
38:13By the way, the current top three in the tax system are
38:16consumption tax, income tax, and legal tax.
38:22Is there consumption tax in that era?
38:25No, I don't think so.
38:29I have no idea.
38:32I have no idea at all.
38:35But there were a lot of farms.
38:40So, was it land tax, not fixed income tax?
38:46I think I know what it is.
38:48It was the tax on land.
38:50That's right.
38:53It was the tax on land, income tax, and taxes.
38:56Taxes?
38:57I've never heard of it.
38:58The income tax at that time included legal tax.
39:01I see.
39:02The income tax and legal tax were included,
39:04but the tax on land was more expensive.
39:07Was it expensive?
39:08Did you drink a lot?
39:10I drank a lot.
39:11You drank a lot?
39:12At that time, alcohol was a necessity for many people.
39:18Especially farmers.
39:20There were a lot of people who moved their bodies,
39:23and there was not much entertainment.
39:26Drinking alcohol was a lot of fun.
39:29That's interesting.
39:32At that time, there was also a tax on land,
39:36which was the current fixed income tax, called land tax.
39:40But there was opposition from these people.
39:44At that time, there were a lot of landlords.
39:47So, the members of the National Assembly opposed
39:51the tax on land, which was the current fixed income tax.
39:55Because everyone was a landlord.
39:57The current fixed income tax is not a tax on land,
40:00but a tax on land that is easy to get.
40:05But even now, don't alcohol and tobacco
40:07raise taxes right away?
40:09Don't they raise taxes?
40:11Yes, they do.
40:13But now, it's a tax on land,
40:15not a tax on land.
40:18I didn't think it would be so high.
40:20I didn't think it would be so high.
40:23And 100 years ago, there was a tax like this.
40:30I have a pimple.
40:32I've had a pimple for 500 years.
40:35If you have a pimple,
40:38it will improve the skin on your face and neck.
40:40It's called Hato Mugijo.
40:42Yamamoto Kanpou
40:43There was a Karyu, too.
41:00I don't have to have a pimple.
41:02Why?
41:03I'm a kid.
41:04I don't have to have a pimple.
41:06That's right.
41:07Because you can fold your pants and leave them near you.
41:10But helmets are strong.
41:11Helmet!
41:12Helmet!
41:13Helmets that can be folded are strong.
41:18If you have a helmet that can be folded,
41:21one, two, three,
41:23you can protect your head.
41:25Flat Mat Kids
41:26The safety of children is green.
41:30It's heavy.
41:31It's okay.
41:32Hachibue bought it at a low price.
41:34It was heavy.
41:35It's a flower shop in front of the station.
41:40If you go home, you'll be Kimugi.
41:42If you go home, you'll be Fuwa.
41:43It's a flower shop in front of the station.
41:45Do you like to eat?
41:47Do you drink?
41:48Are you full of desire?
41:50It's you.
41:51It's you.
41:52You're in a great mood.
41:54Yes, yes.
41:55Everyone is the best.
41:56New PSB
41:57Zero sugar
41:58I was surprised.
41:59So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:04New PSB
42:05Zero sugar
42:06I was surprised.
42:07So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:08New PSB
42:09Zero sugar
42:10I was surprised.
42:11So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:12New PSB
42:13Zero sugar
42:14I was surprised.
42:15So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:16New PSB
42:17Zero sugar
42:18I was surprised.
42:19So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:20New PSB
42:21Zero sugar
42:22I was surprised.
42:23So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:24New PSB
42:25Zero sugar
42:26I was surprised.
42:27So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:28New PSB
42:29Zero sugar
42:30I was surprised.
42:31So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:32New PSB
42:33Zero sugar
42:34I was surprised.
42:35So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:36New PSB
42:37Zero sugar
42:38I was surprised.
42:39So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:40New PSB
42:41Zero sugar
42:42I was surprised.
42:43So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:44New PSB
42:45Zero sugar
42:46I was surprised.
42:47So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:48New PSB
42:49Zero sugar
42:50I was surprised.
42:51So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:52New PSB
42:53Zero sugar
42:54I was surprised.
42:55So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
42:56New PSB
42:57Zero sugar
42:58I was surprised.
42:59So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:00New PSB
43:01Zero sugar
43:02I was surprised.
43:03So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:04New PSB
43:05Zero sugar
43:06I was surprised.
43:07So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:08New PSB
43:09Zero sugar
43:10I was surprised.
43:11So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:12New PSB
43:13Zero sugar
43:14I was surprised.
43:15So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:16New PSB
43:17Zero sugar
43:18I was surprised.
43:19So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:20New PSB
43:21Zero sugar
43:22I was surprised.
43:23So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:24New PSB
43:25Zero sugar
43:26I was surprised.
43:27So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:28New PSB
43:29Zero sugar
43:30I was surprised.
43:31So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:32New PSB
43:33Zero sugar
43:34I was surprised.
43:35So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:36New PSB
43:37Zero sugar
43:38I was surprised.
43:39So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:40New PSB
43:41Zero sugar
43:42I was surprised.
43:43So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:44New PSB
43:45Zero sugar
43:46I was surprised.
43:47So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:48New PSB
43:49Zero sugar
43:50I was surprised.
43:51So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:52New PSB
43:53Zero sugar
43:54I was surprised.
43:55So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
43:56New PSB
43:57Zero sugar
43:58I was surprised.
43:59So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:00New PSB
44:01Zero sugar
44:02I was surprised.
44:03So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:04New PSB
44:05Zero sugar
44:06I was surprised.
44:07So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:08New PSB
44:09Zero sugar
44:10I was surprised.
44:11So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:12New PSB
44:13Zero sugar
44:14I was surprised.
44:15So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:16New PSB
44:17Zero sugar
44:18I was surprised.
44:19So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:20New PSB
44:21Zero sugar
44:22I was surprised.
44:23So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:24New PSB
44:25Zero sugar
44:26I was surprised.
44:27So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:28New PSB
44:29Zero sugar
44:30I was surprised.
44:31So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:32New PSB
44:33Zero sugar
44:34I was surprised.
44:35So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:36New PSB
44:37Zero sugar
44:38I was surprised.
44:39So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:40New PSB
44:41Zero sugar
44:42I was surprised.
44:43So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:44New PSB
44:45Zero sugar
44:46I was surprised.
44:47So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:48New PSB
44:49Zero sugar
44:50I was surprised.
44:51So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:52New PSB
44:53Zero sugar
44:54I was surprised.
44:55So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
44:56New PSB
44:57Zero sugar
44:58I was surprised.
44:59So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:00New PSB
45:01Zero sugar
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45:03So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:04New PSB
45:05Zero sugar
45:06I was surprised.
45:07So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:08New PSB
45:09Zero sugar
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45:11So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:12New PSB
45:13Zero sugar
45:14I was surprised.
45:15So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:16New PSB
45:17Zero sugar
45:18I was surprised.
45:19So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:20New PSB
45:21Zero sugar
45:22I was surprised.
45:23So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:24New PSB
45:25Zero sugar
45:26I was surprised.
45:27So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:28New PSB
45:29Zero sugar
45:30I was surprised.
45:31So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:32New PSB
45:33Zero sugar
45:34I was surprised.
45:35So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:36New PSB
45:37Zero sugar
45:38I was surprised.
45:39So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:40New PSB
45:41Zero sugar
45:42I was surprised.
45:43So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:44New PSB
45:45Zero sugar
45:46I was surprised.
45:47So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:48New PSB
45:49Zero sugar
45:50I was surprised.
45:51So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:52New PSB
45:53Zero sugar
45:54I was surprised.
45:55So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
45:56New PSB
45:57Zero sugar
45:58I was surprised.
45:59So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:00New PSB
46:01Zero sugar
46:02I was surprised.
46:03So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:04New PSB
46:05Zero sugar
46:06I was surprised.
46:07So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:08New PSB
46:09Zero sugar
46:10I was surprised.
46:11So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:12New PSB
46:13Zero sugar
46:14I was surprised.
46:15So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:16New PSB
46:17Zero sugar
46:18I was surprised.
46:19New PSB
46:20Zero sugar
46:21I was surprised.
46:22So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:23New PSB
46:24Zero sugar
46:25I was surprised.
46:26So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:27New PSB
46:28Zero sugar
46:29I was surprised.
46:30So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:31New PSB
46:32Zero sugar
46:33I was surprised.
46:34So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:35New PSB
46:36Zero sugar
46:37I was surprised.
46:38So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:39New PSB
46:40Zero sugar
46:41I was surprised.
46:42So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:43New PSB
46:44Zero sugar
46:45I was surprised.
46:46So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:47New PSB
46:48Zero sugar
46:49I was surprised.
46:50So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:51New PSB
46:52Zero sugar
46:53I was surprised.
46:54So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:55New PSB
46:56Zero sugar
46:57I was surprised.
46:58So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
46:59New PSB
47:00Zero sugar
47:01I was surprised.
47:02So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:03New PSB
47:04Zero sugar
47:05I was surprised.
47:06So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:07New PSB
47:08Zero sugar
47:09I was surprised.
47:10So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:11New PSB
47:12Zero sugar
47:13I was surprised.
47:14So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:15New PSB
47:16Zero sugar
47:17I was surprised.
47:18So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:19New PSB
47:20Zero sugar
47:21I was surprised.
47:22So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:23New PSB
47:24Zero sugar
47:25I was surprised.
47:26So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:27New PSB
47:28Zero sugar
47:29I was surprised.
47:30So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:31New PSB
47:32Zero sugar
47:33I was surprised.
47:34So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:35New PSB
47:36Zero sugar
47:37I was surprised.
47:38So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:39New PSB
47:40Zero sugar
47:41I was surprised.
47:42So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:43New PSB
47:44Zero sugar
47:45I was surprised.
47:46So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:47New PSB
47:48Zero sugar
47:49I was surprised.
47:50So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:51New PSB
47:52Zero sugar
47:53I was surprised.
47:54So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:55New PSB
47:56Zero sugar
47:57I was surprised.
47:58So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
47:59New PSB
48:00Zero sugar
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48:02So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:03New PSB
48:04Zero sugar
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48:06So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:07New PSB
48:08Zero sugar
48:09I was surprised.
48:10So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:11New PSB
48:12Zero sugar
48:13I was surprised.
48:14So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:15New PSB
48:16Zero sugar
48:17I was surprised.
48:18So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:19New PSB
48:20Zero sugar
48:21I was surprised.
48:22So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:23New PSB
48:24Zero sugar
48:25I was surprised.
48:26So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:27New PSB
48:28Zero sugar
48:29I was surprised.
48:30So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:31New PSB
48:32Zero sugar
48:33I was surprised.
48:34So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:35New PSB
48:36Zero sugar
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48:38So far, it has been sent by the sponsor you see.
48:39New PSB
48:40Zero sugar
48:41I was surprised.
48:42Japanese News
48:48This is Showa 100th year.
48:51100 years ago, what kind of relationship did Japan have with foreign countries?
48:56First, let's look at this.
49:01100 years ago, how many countries existed in the world?
49:05How many?
49:06Did America participate in independence?
49:08Yes, it did.
49:09Currently, there are 196 countries in the world that Japan has recognized.
49:15On the other hand, there are 193 member states of the United Nations.
49:20How many countries do you think there are in the world?
49:24120?
49:26It's a little less.
49:29I have an image that it is not so finely divided.
49:33I have an image that there are 70 countries in the world.
49:39That's a pretty good line.
49:41Wow, I lost.
49:43It is said that there are roughly 70 countries in the world.
49:47According to the Our World in Data, run by Oxford University,
49:52there were 68 countries in the world 100 years ago.
49:59Therefore, there were 54 member states of the United Nations at that time.
50:04And there were about 30 countries that Japan has recognized.
50:10Especially 100 years ago, there were many people, so there were few countries.
50:17Then, what kind of trade did Japan do with foreign countries 100 years ago?
50:25Let's take a look at the exports and imports of Japan at that time.
50:31I wonder if the import is sake.
50:35Because you drink a lot.
50:37Because I drink a lot of sake, I wonder if I import sake from other countries.
50:44Weapons.
50:46Which is the export and import?
50:48Export.
50:49Export is weapons.
50:51What about import?
50:52Import is gasoline and oil.
51:01I wonder if the export is fiber.
51:06I wonder what import is.
51:09Is it still a car?
51:11Not yet.
51:12Not yet? Not a car?
51:15Then coal.
51:17Coal was mined as much as possible in Japan.
51:20Wheat.
51:21Everyone hasn't eaten bread yet.
51:25This is the one that exported and imported a lot.
51:29The export is wood.
51:32The import is cotton.
51:34Therefore, both export and import are fiber.
51:40Is it Tomioka Market?
51:42It's Tomioka Market.
51:45Tomioka Market was built in Meiji.
51:48Therefore, it was in full swing at that time.
51:52In other words, 100 years ago, Japan was the largest industry in terms of jewelry and textile industry.
52:02That means that Japanese wood was very popular in the world.
52:08What do you think the reason is?
52:12It's not a guarantee that we make a good number, but the quality is good.
52:18In terms of the world standard.
52:20The quality is high and the Japanese products are cheap.
52:25In fact, at that time, the disease of aging was popular in the world's textile industry.
52:32The world's textile industry was damaged.
52:36That's why Japanese wood was popular in the world.
52:42Japan became the largest export country of wood in the world.
52:47From there, foreign goods came in more and more, and Japan began to develop.
52:55The situation continued until the end of the war.
52:58In the post-war period of high economic growth, exports of machines, household appliances, and automobiles increased.
53:08Then, where do you think Japan was the largest trading partner 100 years ago?
53:16China.
53:19The UK.
53:23I have a good image.
53:24It's like this.
53:26The first place in exports is the United States.
53:28The second place is China.
53:30It's not the People's Republic of China now.
53:32The third place is the UK, but the UK and India are close.
53:38It's before independence.
53:40The first place in imports is the United States.
53:42The second place is the UK and India.
53:44The third place is China.
53:48Japan's trade with the United States and China has always been important.
53:54It was the same 100 years ago.